Prof. Dr. İlber Ortaylı: Bu memleket öyle bazılarının tekrarladığı gibi son 20 senenin, falanca partinin, filanca ideolojinin eseri değil© T24

Prof. Dr. İlber Ortaylı, “Türkiye büyük bir memleket oldu. Bu memleket öyle bazılarının tekrarladığı gibi son 20 senenin, yok falanca partinin, filanca ideolojinin eseri falan değil. Bu, Türk Milleti’nin, Türk tarihinin kendine ait bir yoludur. O yolu izlemiş ve buraya gelmiştir. Bunun temel müesseseleri vardır. Temel müesseselere saygı duymayı öğrenmek zorundasınız” dedi.

Ortaylı, şu ifadeleri kullandı:

“Türkiye büyük bir memleket oldu. Bu memleket öyle bazılarının tekrarladığı gibi son 20 senenin yok falanca partinin, filanca ideolojinin eseri falan değil. Bu, Türk Milleti’nin, Türk tarihinin kendine ait bir yoludur. O yolu izlemiş ve buraya gelmiştir. Bunun temel müesseseleri vardır. Temel müesseselere saygı duymayı öğrenmek zorundasınız.

Birincisi ordudur. Türkler bildiğimiz çağdan beri devletler kurdular bu devletlerin bir sürüsü Türklerin olmayan memleketlerde kuruldu. İran’da, Afganistan’da; Orta Asya bir zamanlar İranlılarındı.

Buraya geldiler. Burada değişti durum. Aşiretler ve kalabalıklar buralara geldiler ve dağlara bile yerleştiler. Dağlara, Yunan Roma devrinde kimse oturmaz. Bizim Türkler, aşiretler oturdular. Onun için bu memleketin adını Türk koydular. Biz koymadık. Yani biz buraya Türkiye falan demedik. İsim onlar taktılar. Çünkü dağ taş Türkçe dolu Türkçeyle anlaşıyorlar. O bakımdan böyle oldu.

Burası askeri bir devlet. Orduda her zaman Türkçe konuşuldu. Başka yerde Türkçe bu kadar iyi yaşamadı. Orduda yaşadı. Onun için bu çok önemli bir müessesedir. Türkler için devlet önemlidir. Devlet uhrevi bir müessesedir. Ne olduğunu izah etmek çok zordur.

“Doğu dünyasında devlet olan tek yer burasıdır”

Bütün Doğu dünyasında devlet olan tek devlette burasıdır. Güneyimizde insanların orduları yok. Kendilerini savunamıyorlar. Çeteyle, gerilla harbiyle çok şey yapamazsın. Bunu da yapamıyorlar. Suriye’nin halini görüyorsunuz. Dün kurulan ordularla harp yaparsan gaddar olursun. Ordunun da kendine göre bir nizamı vardır. Bir ordu eğer ananesi kuvvetli bir orduysa bir memleketin içeresine girip istila ettiği vakit efendi gibi girer, kime ne yapacağını bilir, ona göre hareket eder ve orada adalet gelir o orduyla.

Dünyadaki büyük devletlerin küçük devletlerden farkı budur. Mesela Yunanistan ordusu küçük Asya’ya girerse rezalet çıkarır. Ama İngiliz girerse o kadar olmaz. Tahammül edilir. Fakat büyüklerin içinde de Alman ordusu girerse orada felaket olur. Çünkü Almanlar devlet ananeleri zayıf bir memlekettir. Teşkilat başka bir şey hatta iyi bürokrasi kurmak da başka bir şey. Devlet ve millet ananesi zayıf bir topluluktur. Onun için gaddar olurlar. Yani devlet haysiyetleri zayıf olur. Onun için büyük diplomatları da çıkmaz. Türklerin diplomatı çıkar her zaman.

“Türkiye Cumhuriyeti kaliteli bir cumhuriyettir”

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti kaliteli bir Cumhuriyet olarak çıkmıştır. Yoksa cumhuriyet olmakla adam olunmuyor. Onu size söyleyeyim dünya Cumhuriyet dolu, bir sürü muz cumhuriyeti var. Yani cumhuriyet sınıfında bir üst sınıfa giren insanlar var, toplumlar var. Altına düşenler var. Bu çok önemli bir şeydir. Bu milletler de düşer medeniyetleri olmasına rağmen. Mesela harptan evvel bir devletti, bir kalitesi vardır. Cumhuriyet olduktan sonra; nüfus artışıydı, şuydu buydu, savaş durumuydu düştü aşağıya, çünkü kaldıramıyor. Arjantin zenginleşen bir devletti bugün hiç de öyle değil, üçüncü dünya özellikleri gösteriyor.

Türkiye bunların içinde üstte kalanlardan, bu çok önemli. Böyle devletler var. Mesela ikinci cihan harbinden sonra fakir olduğu halde üstte kalmayı bilen var, Kore Cumhuriyeti gibi. Üstte kalmayı bilen hükümetler var Hindistan gibi mesela. Bunların yapıları değişik çünkü. Bu çok fevkalade önemli bir unsur.” (ANKA)

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Lao Tzu and Water. Lao Tzu and Water. Lao Tzu and Water.Lao Tzu and Water.

In the Tao teaching, if a person lives according to the law of nature, his life will pass in peace, balance and harmony with the environment. This is the life principle of the Tao teaching. The most striking metaphor of Tao teaching is “water”. Alan Watts emphasized this metaphor by calling his book on the subject “Stream Road” (Watts, 1975). Everything should be like a stream.

Water does not neglect the slightest height or pit. It swells over one, jumps over a rock, fills a pit. These are his nature, character, or features of his existence. Lao Tzu brings examples from the daily life of man to illustrate the Tao way. The stream is the symbol of Tao. It is like a woman. It is like a child. It looks weak, but it is water that carves the rock.

The water metaphor teaches humility. Everything seems to happen spontaneously in nature. A good master is the easiest to do his job without difficulty. For him, simplicity is the biggest feature. A person with a clean heart is not cunning. He does not think about the profit of his work. It is not egoistic. He has not lost his balance because of his ambitions.

The people do not even know of the existence of a ruler living according to Tao teachings. It is the opposite of the power image in world history. Emptying the highest success does not prevent it from being a success. The Void implies the existence of a potential in Tao teaching, that a potential is not finished. The full one has no other opportunity left.

Tao Te Ching

Chapter Eight

• A person of great virtue is like the flowing water.

• Water benefits all things and contends not with them.

• It puts itself in a place that no one wishes to be and thus is closest to Tao.

• A virtuous person is like water which adapts itself to the perfect place.

• His mind is like the deep water that is calm and peaceful.

• His heart is kind like water that benefits all.

• His words are sincere like the constant flow of water.

• His governing is natural without desire which is like the softness of water that penetrates through hard rocks.

• His work is of talent like the free flow of water.

• His movement is of right timing like water that flows smoothly.

• A virtuous person never forces his way and hence will not make faults.

Chapter Nine

• Those who overly pride wealth is like the overflowing water which shall cause damages. It is

• better to restrain early.

• Those who are not content with fame is like polishing the edge of a knife.

• The sharper it gets, the easier it is to break.

• Wealth and treasures are but illusions that one cannot possess.

• Those who are arrogant of their wealth and fame shall invite blame upon oneself.

• The nature Tao teaches one to retreat after one’s success and not to hold on to the credit.

Chapter Fifteen

• The ancient Tao cultivators were subtle and mysterious.

• They were of immeasurable profundity.

• Because they were too subtle to be known, so reluctantly they were being described as follow:

• Harmonized, like the turbid water.

• How can one turn the turbid water into clarity?

Chapter Thirty-six

• This is known as the enlightened nature that is subtle yet profound.

• Gentleness overcomes strength, and the weak overcomes the strong.

• Just as fish live in deep water and cannot survive after being taken out of the depths.

• And the powerful weapons of a country should not be displayed,

• Just like one’s true nature cannot be revealed to be seen.

Chapter Seventy-eight

• There is nothing in this world that is softer and weaker than water.

• Even those that can conquer the strong and hard,

• Are still not superior than water.

• Nothing can substitute it.

• Hence, what is soft can overcome the strong.

• What is gentle can overcome the strength.

• This is known by the world.

• However, people cannot put it into practice.

• Therefore, the saint said as follow:

• He who can take the disgrace of a nation,

• Is said to be the master of the nation.

• He who can bear the misfortune of a nation,

• Is said to be the ruler of the world.

• Truthful words may seem to be the reverse of worldly practices.

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1. Peçenekler Karamanlılar Ortodoks Yunanistan
2. Hunlar Hungary Katolik
3. Avarlar. Bulgarlar. Sekeler. Doğu Avrupa. Balkanlar.
4. Kumanlar
5. Kıpçaklar
6. Karaylar Yahudi Ukrayna Polonya Litvanya İsrail

1. İran
2. Memluklar Koptikler Kıpçaklar Mısır
3. Sarı Uygurlar
4. Salarlar Çin
5. Sakalar Rusya
6. Dravitler Tamiller Hindistan

1. Kuzey Afrika Memluklar

1. Turcolar Güney Amerika

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The Essential Travel Guide To Turkiye: Iconic Sights, Authentic Food and Smart Travel Tips From A Local (Istanbul, Cappadocia, Antalya and Beyond)

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Lonely Planet Turkish Phrasebook & Dictionary: Learn Essential Phrases & Vocabulary | 3,500 Word Two-Way Dictionary | Pull-Out Fast Phrases Card | Travel with Confidence

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Rick Steves Mediterranean Cruise Ports (Rick Steves Travel Guide)

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Delilah Dirk and the Turkish Lieutenant

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Lonely Planet Pocket Istanbul: Discover Twice the City in Half the Time | Top Sights | Maps & Walking Tours | Covers Sultanahmet & Sirkeci, Bazaar ... & Western Districts and more (Pocket Guide)

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Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia

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Great Tours: Greece and Turkey, from Athens to Istanbul

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The Amazing Mrs. Pollifax (Mrs. Pollifax Series Book 2)

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What's So Special About Istanbul?: A Solva Publishing Travel Guide (A Solva Publishing Travel Guide Series)

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Fodor's Essential Turkey (Full-color Travel Guide)

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Türkler tarih boyunca zeminde hareketli oldukları için, sürekli göç ettikleri için yerleştikleri yeni zeminler ile uyum sağlamaya çalışmışlardır. Dinlerini değiştirmişlerdir bu sebepten ötürü. Tengrici, daha sonra karşılıklı etkileşim içerisinde Maniheist, Zerdüşt, Budist, Musevi, Hristiyan ve Müslüman olabilmişlerdir.

Yeryüzündeki yeradlarında en çok kullanılan dil Türkçedir.

Gelip yerleştikleri Anadolu coğrafyasını Türkiye olarak adlandırılanlar kendileri değildir, İtalyanlardır. Anadolu’daki şehir adlarını Türkçede telaffuz ettikleri şekliyle benimsemişler, fakat kendi kurdukları köylerin yer adlarını kendileri Türkçe olarak adlandırmışlardır.

Selçuklulardan başlayarak Osmanlılar da dahil olmak üzere Anadolu’yu Diyarı Roma, Balkanları ise Romaeli (Rumeli) olarak adlandırmışlardır. Rum dedikleri Roma’dır. Padişah, kendisini aynı zamanda Roma imparatoru olarak adlandırmıştır. Buna karşın Almanlar ise Roma’nın Avrupa’daki mirası üzerine kurdukları imparatorluğu Roma Cermen İmparatorluğu  olarak adlandırmışlar ki, bugünkü Avrupa Birliği’ne uzanan bir süreçtir. Fakat bu hiçbir zaman birleştirici olmamış Avrupa iki tane dünya savaşını çıkartırken baş aktör yine Almanya’dır. Buna karşın Osmanlı’nın mirasını devraldığı Doğu Roma İmparatorluğu‘nu da Bizans olarak adlandıran Almanlar, Türklerin Roma mirasını sahiplenmesini de böylece engellemişlerdir.

Demek ki, Batı, zihinlere tatbik edilen algı operasyonları, icat edilen suni kavramlar, etiketlemeler ile gücünü sürekli olarak güncelleyip canlı tutmaktadır.

Halbuki Türkçedeki Balkan terimi iki yer adına kaynaklık etmiştir. Hazar gölünün güneydoğu kıyısındaki Balkan Yarımadası Türkmenistan topraklarında iken, diğeri ise Rumeli olarak adlandırdığımız Balkanlar Karadeniz kıyısındaki Balkan Yarımadası.

Bu durumda yapmamız gereken dil ve din üzerinde uygulanan operasyonların oyununa gelmemek ve zeminlerde büyük bir miras olarak geride kalan haklarımızı korumaktır. Bu haklar hem dilde, hem de dinde söz konusudur. Söz konusu olan da büyük bir zenginliktir. Dilimiz ve dinlerimiz zeminde çeşitli coğrafyalarda yaşamaktadır.

Türkçe çok sayıda dillerde kelime ve kavramlar olarak yaşamaya devam ederken, Türkler de çok sayıda dinlerde varlıklarını devam ettirmektedirler.

Orta Çağlarda kuzey yolundan giderek Avrupa’ya ulaşan Türkler ( Avarlar, Peçenekler, Kumanlar, Kıpçaklar, Hun bakiyeleri )  doğu Roma tarafından Ortodokslaştırılırken,  güney yolundan İran’a ve Anadolu, Suriye, İran ve Irak’a uzanan Türkler ise Emevi imparatorluğu tarafından, Araplar tarafından Müslümanlaştırılmıştı. Papalık ise Kıpçak Macarları Katolik Hristiyanlar haline dönüştürmüştü.

Türk soylu Bulgarlar ve Macarlar Hıristiyanlığa  geçtikleri için Türk kimliklerini unutmuşlardı. Bugün tarihte Avrupa’da kurulan devletlere baktığımız zaman Balkanlar’da Avar Hanlığını, Bulgar Hanlığını görmekteyiz. Bu Hanlık tabiri zaten çok köklü olan bağlantıyı apaçık ortaya koymaktadır. Önemli olan dağınıklığın giderilerek Türk şemsiyesi altında bu devletlerin, insanların toparlanmasıdır.

Nasıl ki Cermenler, Roma şemsiyesi altında Avrupa birliğine oluşturdularsa, Türkler de Türk şemsiyesi altında Büyük Asya Birliğini oluşturma peşinde olmalıdırlar. Kızılelma budur.

Türkler başka dinlere geçerek, sürekli din değiştirmelerine rağmen, dilleri ile zemine hakim olmasını bilmişlerdir, Anadolu’nun Türkleşmesi Türkçe sayesinde olmuştur. Türkçe, Anadolu’daki yerli halkları Türkleştirmiştir, din yabancılaştırabilirken, dil ise kimliği korumanın güçlü bir aracı haline gelmiştir. Çünkü iletişim aracı olan dil, halk tarafından geliştirilmektedir, kendinize aittir, kendinizdir. Fakat din ise dilinizi bile size yabancılaştırabilmektedir, dualarınızı, ibadetlerinizi Arap dilinde yapmanızı salık verir hocalar.

Türk boyları çok çeşitli dinler altında toplanmışlardır. Türkiye Türkleri Müslüman, Bulgarlar Ortodoks, Gagavuzlar Ortodoks, Macarlar Katolik, Çuvaşlar Ortodoks, Hazar Türleri Musevi, Sarı Uygurlar Budist, Altay Türkleri Şamandırlar ve liste uzayıp gitmektedir.

Fakat hepsi Türkçe konuşmaktadırlar. O halde Türklerin, dil birliği ve din çeşitliliği altında bir Türk halkları şemsiyesi altında toplanması gereklidir.

Dinleri çeşitlilik içerisinde olan Türklerin bu kez dilleri saldırı altındadır, Rusça ve İngilizce gibi diller Türklere benimsetilerek dil birliği bozulmak istenmektedir. Bunlar çok sinsi ve ince projelerdir.

Bugün Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun Avrupa’daki devasa topraklarından elimizde kalan sadece İstanbul ilinin Avrupa yakası, Tekirdağ, Kırklareli, Edirne illeri ve Gelibolu yarımadasıdır. Fakat Selçuklu İmparatorluğu’nun ve beyliklerin Türkleştirdiği Anadolu toprakları elimizde kalmıştır. Bunun nedenleri üzerinde uzun boylu düşünmek gereklidir.

Türkleri sadece Müslüman olarak değerlendirme algısı nedeni ile gerçek anlamda büyük beraberlik (Turan) zarar görüyor. Bunlara Alban’lar, Bask’lar, Tuareg’ler, Bröton’lar, İskoçların, İrlandalılaŕın, Norveç’in, Finlandiya’nın, Ukrayna’nın bir kısmının, İtalyanların (Etrüsk) dahli gelecekte olacaktır.

Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia (Rick Steves Travel Guide)

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Lonely Planet Pocket Istanbul: Discover Twice the City in Half the Time | Top Sights | Maps & Walking Tours | Covers Sultanahmet & Sirkeci, Bazaar ... & Western Districts and more (Pocket Guide)

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ISTANBUL TRAVEL GUIDE 2026/2027: The Ultimate Insider's Guide to Historic Landmarks, Hidden Gems, Bosphorus Cruises, Authentic Turkish Cuisine, ... Cultural Experiences, and Smart Travel Tips

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Notes on a Foreign Country: An American Abroad in a Post-American World

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Black Sea: Dispatches and Recipes – Through Darkness and Light

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DK Turkey: Must-See Sights. Culture & History. Detailed Maps & Tours. Covers Istanbul, Cappadocia, Antalya, Bodrum, & more (Travel Guide)

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Blue Guide Istanbul: Sixth Edition (Travel Series)

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Living in Istanbul

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The Essential Travel Guide To Turkiye: Iconic Sights, Authentic Food and Smart Travel Tips From A Local (Istanbul, Cappadocia, Antalya and Beyond)

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Istanbul For First Timers: A Local's Travel Guide To Turkiye's Hidden Gems and Culture

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Shadow of the Silk Road: A 7,000-Mile Journey Through Central Asia—Trade, Religions, and Ideas from China to Turkey (P.S.)

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Delilah Dirk and the Turkish Lieutenant

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Notes on a Foreign Country: An American Abroad in a Post-American World

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Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia

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Fodor's Essential Turkey (Full-color Travel Guide)

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Lonely Planet Turkiye: Plan the Trip of a Lifetime | Detailed Itineraries & Maps | Insider Tips | Covers Istanbul, Troy, Izmir and more (Travel Guide)

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DK Top 10 Istanbul: Top 10 lists for your perfect trip, plus an all-weather folded map (Pocket Travel Guide)

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Lonely Planet Middle East Phrasebook & Dictionary: Essential Phrases & Vocabulary | 3,500 Word Two-Way Dictionary | Travel Confidently | Order Food, Book Tickets, Emergency Situations

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Osman's Dream: The History of the Ottoman Empire

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DK Istanbul: Must-See Sights. Culture & History. Detailed Maps & Tours. Covers Sultanahmet, Beyoglu, & more (Travel Guide)

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“Atatürk çizgisinin Cumhuriyeti kurarken esas aldığı sosyolojik Türklük tarifi, Türkistan’dan gelen akışın yanında ay-yıldız altında savaşmış Türkçe konuşan ya da konuşmaya açık Müslüman soyluluk. Buna “tarihli Müslümanlık” diyorum. Türkistan’dan gelen Türklük ırmağıyla birleşiyor, aynı ırmağın suyu oluyorlar. Laiklik ilkesi yanlış anlaşıldığı için Türklük de doğru anlaşılamıyor maalesef. ” Prof Mehmet Akif Okur

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin kurucu ilkesi ve unsuru nedir? -Cumhuriyetimizin 100. Yılında Millî Egemenlik, Tarihli Türklük ve Müslümanlık İlişkisini Hatırlamak

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The Mini Rough Guide to Istanbul and the Aegean Coast: Travel Guide with eBook

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Istanbul, City map 1:10.000, City Pocket map + The Big Five

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ISTANBUL TRAVEL GUIDE 2026/2027: The Ultimate Insider's Guide to Historic Landmarks, Hidden Gems, Bosphorus Cruises, Authentic Turkish Cuisine, ... Cultural Experiences, and Smart Travel Tips

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Modern Istanbul Map / Modern Istanbul Haritasi: Guide to Modern Architecture in Istanbul, Turkey (Blue Crow Media Architecture Maps)

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Blue Mosque: Where Heaven Meets the Sky – A Cinematic Photographic Journey Through Istanbul's Sultan Ahmed Masterpiece

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Notes on a Foreign Country: An American Abroad in a Post-American World

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Lonely Planet The Mediterranean: Over 30 Mesmerising Cities & Islands | 15 Weekend Long Road Trip Itineraries | Tips on Where to Eat & What to See | Stunning Photography

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Constantinople to Istanbul: One City, Two Empires.

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Shadow of the Silk Road: A 7,000-Mile Journey Through Central Asia—Trade, Religions, and Ideas from China to Turkey (P.S.)

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Istanbul: City of Majesty at the Crossroads of the World

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The Amazing Mrs. Pollifax (Mrs. Pollifax Series Book 2)

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