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SEEKING “REGIONAL UNITY” AND TURKEY

“It has been seen in history that other nations in the world have formed unions and lived together for centuries. We want the union (union) we want to establish to be far above the unions (unions) in history.”

Mustafa Kemal Ataturk February 27, 1938

While countries are trying to come together by regionalization as a reaction to globalization, Turkey is in the center of the unions that are formed/may be formed in its region. The main center of the five regions in the Euro-Asian transition area is Turkey;

  • Balkans
  • Caucasia
  • Middle East/North Africa
  • Middle Asia
  • Russia/Ukraine

Turkey is an internal union in which refugees from these regions make up 2/3 of its population, and these regions are united and fused. Turkey itself is a union; union of these regions. Each of these regions geographically extends into Turkey. The Balkans extend to Thrace, the Caucasus to the Eastern Black Sea, and the Middle East to the Southeast.

Before October 3, 2005

Today, the centers of attraction are not nation states; regional mergers. In foreign economic relations, Turkey, which opened to the Middle East countries in the 1980s, started to open up to the Black Sea and Caspian basin countries and the Balkans in the 1990s. The five vital areas in question have been partially covered by the BSEC and ECO;

  • While signing Free Trade Agreements with Morocco, Tunisia, Palestine, Syria, Israel in the Former Yugoslavia countries (Slovenia, Bosnia, Croatia, Serbia, Macedonia), Hungary and the Middle East/North Africa, which are not included in the union initiatives,
  • Work continues on starting FTA (Free Trade Agreement) negotiations with Algeria and concluding FTA negotiations with Lebanon and Jordan.

In these regions, with the founding initiative of Turkey;

  • BSEC Black Sea Economic Cooperation, covering the Balkans, Caucasus and Russia/Ukraine regions,
  • ECO-EKIT Economic Cooperation Organization associations covering the Caucasus, Middle East and Central Asia regions have been pushed into the background due to the EU passion.

Unity Movements in the Continents of Europe-America

Europe and America are one union. While the US continent was established in the form of the United States, regional cooperation was expanded to Canada and Mexico with NAFTA (North America Free Trade Agreement). The European continent is also developing and expanding as the European Union. The Western World, which creates areas of unity for itself, is swallowing the pieces while following the strategy of disintegrating the states in the East (Yugoslavia, Iraq). While Germany was uniting, Yugoslavia was disintegrated and the parts started to be taken into the Union one by one. After Slovenia’s accession, negotiations are continuing with Croatia, Macedonia and Serbia-Montenegro. The EU, which remained a spectator to the bloody disintegration in its backyard 10 years ago, is drawing its geographical borders from the inside. A meaningful date is also mentioned to join the Balkans to the EU:The 100th anniversary of the 1st World War, the beginning of which was the assassination in Sarajevo, i.e. 2014. Italian Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs Massimo D’Alema, in the context of the enlargement process of the European Union (EU), the Balkan countries (meaning the Former Yugoslavia-Western Balkans). countries) say that they see Turkey in a higher priority position compared to its membership.

Unity Movements in the Euro-Asian Transition Area (Eurasia)

On the other hand, unity movements in the Euro-Asian transition area (Eurasia) and Far Asia are not yet functional. The Free Trade Agreement signed between Korea and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) on May 17, which will cover a population of 548 million in ten countries, is the first concrete step in this regard.

With the same point of view in the definition of the strategic region, which is called “Greater China” with the strategies developed by the USA in the 1990s and includes China, Hong Kong and Taiwan, this time, since the early 2000s, this time covering the Middle East and North Africa regions of the Europe-Asia transition area. The center began to be defined as the “Greater Middle East”. The other four regions in the transition area are the surrounding areas of this region. With the BOP, the Europe-Asia transition area will be designed by non-regional powers with the understanding of the “Greater Middle East Union”.

After October 3, 2005

Just as the UK established the EFTA (European Free Trade Association) after it was not accepted to the EC in 1973, Turkey also turned to the BSEC project in the early 1990s, although not very clearly, after the response from the EC. Thus, Turkey was able to initiate a regional integration movement on its own initiative, and now,  after the uncertainty created on October 3, 2005 ;

  • BFTA (Balkan Free Trade Agreement) union formation should be initiated with Macedonia, Croatia, Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, the former Yugoslavia countries that were not agreed with the BSEC in the Western Balkans.
  • Syria, Israel, Jordan, Palestine, Egypt, TRNC, on the eastern flank of the Mediterranean; MFTA (Mediterranean Free Trade Agreement) should be formed with Morocco, Tunisia, Algeria, the Arabian Peninsula countries in the Red Sea (Saudi Arabia, gulf countries).
  • The BSEC unity movement in the Black Sea basin should be brought dynamism again.
  • ECO unity movements in the Caspian basin should be brought dynamism again.
  • Turkey, which is the center of the Five Seas (Aegean, Mediterranean, Persian Gulf, Caspian, Black Sea) region, has taken the initiative to create a “unity” through common markets, free trade zones, customs unions, border trade agreements, cultural associations in five regions that are both neighbors and relatives. should undertake the leadership of the “Movement of the People” and identify this initiative as the “Great Ideal”. The adjective “big” here is not the ideal of gaining land, as in Greece’s “Megalo Idea”, or the overt or indirect occupation of the countries of the region, as in the USA’s BOP “Greater Middle East Project”, but the “development of culture, economy and politics” of the countries in the region. It is about the ideal of “unity”. This unity is also the guarantee of “Peace at home, peace in the world”.

French Historians Studying the Turks

Joseph de Guignes Born 19 October 1721 Pontoise, France Died 19 March 1800 (aged 78) Paris, France Occupation Orientalist, Sinologist, Turcologist In 1745 he was the secretary of Oriental languages ​​at the Kingdom Library. His book Mémoire historique sur l’origine des Huns et des Turcs, describing the origin of the Huns and Turks, was published in 1748. The first book in the West about the Old Turks was published by a Frenchman in 1748. 1. André Lévy (sinologist) 2. Antoine Bazin 3. Édouard Chavannes 4. Etienne de la Vaissière 5. Joseph de Guignes 6. JP Roux 7. Lamartine 8. Rene Giraud 9. René Grousset 10. Stanislas Julien

The similarity of our Thrace region and the Canton region (China) in terms of EXPORT

Silk Road route

  • East Turkestan: 1600 km.
  • Kazakhstan: 3157 km.
  • Caspian 468 km
  • Azerbaijan 429 km
  • Turkey 2285 kmTotal 7939 km7939/11483: 70%

Silk Road

It is not a historical name. The German geographer Ferdinand von Richthofen suggested this name in 1877. I think that this name was given to the aristocratic part of Europe because it was very important to make silk dresses. This is not just a road, it is vascular access. It starts from the interior of China and goes to the interior of Europe.

They also have secondary roads, for example, there is a fur route from the north of the Black Sea and Caspian Sea. Again, there is the spice route to India. In other words, I think that this name was given because of Europe’s fondness for silk. Perhaps, as you said, more hemp than silk was traded on this road. But in the historical period we do not see a name for it in the texts. Only one important trade route starts from this prehistory and continues until about the 16th century.

After that, with the strengthening of Europe and sailing, it loses its former importance. Now, the political, cultural and commercial trajectory of the world also goes in a different direction. The foundations of Western colonialism are also laid. Now the place where silk is produced in China is where the Turks live. I don’t mind if it’s called the Silk Road. The word silk is already a pure Turkish word. They translate it into western languages. You know, it comes from the word rope.

Silk means elegant thread. But it is very difficult to match the cannabis route with current data, because there is an excessive literature on it in the world. Of course, this should be emphasized in the studies. This is how it is named, but not only silk but also other products are carried on this trade route.If we get the name of cannabis route accepted by the Turkish state and Turkish states, it will easily take its place. (Assoc. Dr. Babek Cavanşir)

Unity in Business and Workplace

(Second Stone)

East Face

[1] Kapgan kagan [yiti] thirty years old [ … an .-erti]. He would be Kapgan Kagan. All hope,

[1] Kapgan Khan is twenty-seven years old … there … Kapgan Khan sat. He did not sleep at night,

[2] blunt matte. My red blood stumbling black term yiirti light small birtim ök. It’s ok to eat long yelmeg.

[2] did not sit during the day. I always gave the job and the power by making my red blood spill and running the black sweat. I always sent the long scout again.

Tonyukuk Inscription, Wise Tonyukuk, (646-724)

ısig little birtim ök [I always gave the work power]

Orkhon Inscriptions, 735

The most important element of Gaspirali’s mission is the Unity at Work action, which is the element that activates and reinforces the Union of Language and Opinion. Turkization of Anatolia As a result of the Ahi organization (union) developed by Ahi Evran in the bazaars and markets, Turkish has become the common communication language of all Anatolia.

Job is one of the main concepts of Turkish as a word. In the Tonyukuk Inscription, the first written text, “I did not sleep at night, I did not sit during the day. I always gave the job and the power by making my red blood spill and running the black sweat. I always sent the long scout again.” is called. So Tonyukuk was sweaty and worked hard and had it done. As a result, Tonyukuk used his mind and wisdom to ensure the unity of the Turks. Collaboration on the denominator of language and ideas enabled the gain of independence. The proof of unity in language is related to the fact that only the Göktürk alphabet was used in the inscription and the Chinese alphabet was not respected on one side of the inscriptions, as in the Bilge Kagan and Kultigin Inscriptions.

It is important that the work and the activities of signing, moving, working, doing and acting are united. It is not a model where everyone does everything, but where everyone shares work and information in unison, becomes partners, specializes in areas where people in business networks have in-depth knowledge, and shares information with people related to their work on the plane. City: like the state, business also finds meaning within the context of a network mechanism.

Another term that does not lag behind the inclusiveness of the term Turkish House is the Work Center. Nuri Killigil Pasha, one of our Martyr Pashas and one of the first defense industrialists, used this term. The hearth is also a root concept, it is related to od (fire). The place where the fire is lit, the soldiers’ camp, the father’s hearth, the hearth, the health center, the Family Hearth, the “last unextinguishing hearth” mentioned in the lines of the National Anthem are the first examples that come to mind. The hearth symbolizes continuity and continuity, production. Works should be produced and updated continuously, like a furnace. The place where the fire is lit is the “unquenchable hearth” in terms of works.

Like İşbank, there should also be Work Places. The way to grow the jobs created in the Job Centers is the philosophy of Unity at Work. Room, from the old Turkish otag/otağ (the place where the wood burns, the place with the stove) is the ota/room (the place where you live). The term room is a frequently used pattern in business life; Odslar Union, Chamber of Commerce, Chamber of Industry etc. in style.

The term January is not used. It is also said to mean a hearth (because it is a place where a fire is made), a house, a nest. Like the Janissary quarry, the Baba quarry. In the Turkish tradition, tents (otağ/rooms) are not without a stove. It  is necessary that the business hearths and chambers are equipped with the Philosophy of Unity in Business, and Oğuz Kağan’s mission “The sky is our tent, our sun flag”  should also serve as a guide for the organization and activation of works on a world scale.

Turkish Business literature is mostly memories, businessmen should go from Knowledge to Unions by sharing their observations and innovations about their enterprises with the philosophy of Cooperation. Entrepreneurs’ knowledge should be a guide to the thinkers.

With the process of deepening and implementing Turkey’s cooperation and regionalization strategy towards regional markets by Turkish Industrial Sectors, new OPPORTUNITIES are opening up for Turkish Industry.

While Turkey-based INDUSTRY is located in the middle of a region with a population of 1.4 billion (Europe, Eurasia), it will be a basic strategic choice to determine which countries in the region will cooperate with, similar to the example in East Asia, and to implement the cooperation within Turkey and in the region by industrial firms. Such an application will create a leap forward growth in Turkish Leather Business, ensure full use of the existing idle capacity in the tanneries, and will ensure that the leather products industries continue to grow.

The industrialism of Turkey, the central country of Turkey, which has the characteristics of both continents, will be able to show similar export performance by quickly adapting itself to the two dynamic processes of the current global age, namely regionalization/regional cooperation and hence Afrasia.

While the globalization phenomenon continues to affect societies with its great intensity, another phenomenon is rapidly creating new models in today’s world; The development of regional development and regional cooperation projects ensures a more competitive result in accordance with economies of scale regionally. The way of globalization passes through regionalization. The issue of regional development and regional cooperation emerges as two issues of great importance in the development of the new era, and it is a topic that those who want to act in accordance with international trends should place in their thinking models.

Those who cannot find a solution to their problems one by one, those whose scale is not sufficient for global production one by one, by cooperating with the countries and institutions in their region, with which they are neighbors,they are investigating the results they can reach by evaluating the region and the basin as a whole, with power unions and regional participations. The synergy to be created jointly in the region requires being open to development, contrary to the old times.

The success to be created within the region and the basin depends on the creation of a model in which the forces are added to each other. Regional cooperation is much more important at the international level today, and it also creates opportunities for much greater opportunities.Regional cooperation is much more important at the international level today, and it also creates opportunities for much greater opportunities.Regional cooperation is much more important at the international level today, and it also creates opportunities for much greater opportunities.

With cooperation, competitors will become suppliers to each other.

EXPORT VISION: TURKEY-CENTERED REGIONAL COOPERATION AND DIVISION PROPOSAL

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leventagaoglu.blogspot.com.tr
www.balkanpazar.orgSUMMARY

1. While the final revisions of the article were made, the UK left the EU as a result of the referendum. “From Eastern Europe to East Turkestan” Turkey-based İktisadi Birlik has come before us as a century-old opportunity.

2. As a global export powerhouse, the Canton region in the south of China carries many clues in terms of our Turkey-based regional division of labor proposal.

3. Turkey has the similar advantage of living together with the nations in its region for centuries; In the event that a similar economic dynamism is created within the understanding of a network, our country will also be able to become a regional/global center of attraction.

4. Considering the example of the Canton model in the south of China for Turkey, Istanbul and the Thrace region in its hinterland have similar connotations.

5. There are 70 countries (markets) in 8 sub-regions in the 5-hour flight region where Turkey is the Center. Our Free Trade Area has been formed with 41 of these markets.

6. Diversity should be ensured in the products subject to the export of industrial sectors. The cooperation opportunities of the countries of the region in a very wide geography have the potential to turn the competition into a solution partnership in many products that seem to be competing with each other.

7. Turkey’s share in the foreign trade of the Balkan countries is only 1.2%. This share shows that Turkey, which has been in the region for 650 years since 1352 and is the largest economy in the Balkans, does not actually exist in the region.

8. Although there is no Customs Union agreement with Turkestan markets, EKIT, Africa, OIC, Gulf IB (GCC), the fact that our market share (import) is higher than our EU market share makes it necessary to question the Customs Union with the EU. GB is the means of occupation of the Turkish market in favor of Europe. The 20-year EU-GB process has made Turkey the open market of Europe.

9. The measurement of the current situation in exports should be done with the right methods. The criterion to be taken as a basis while evaluating the export is not the value or quantity of the products sold to the market in question. The measure is our share of the total import value of that market; is our percentage in its value; is our share. Measures are not our sales; is the share we get from the market of the buyer country. South Korea, with a population of 50 million, has increased its exports to over 500 billion dollars with this market share strategy. Hyundai, Samsung, LG etc. global brands and companies are the results of this model.

10. The “Foreign Trade Capital Companies” model of the late Turgut Özal, the visionary founder of İkitelli OSB, should be revived specifically for the İOSB, and the markets of 119 countries, to which our global brand THY flies, should be targeted with the target of “İkitelli Organized Market: The World”.

ENTRANCE

As a result of globalization, the development axis of economies is shifting again; It is shifting from the Atlantic (Europe) to the Pacific (Asia). This development presents a great opportunity for Turkey; TURKEY-CENTERED REGIONAL COOPERATION AND DIVISION.

The SILK ROAD, which has been the historical vein of trade for thousands of years, is reviving. Hosting this legendary road stretching from the Great Wall of China to Rumelia, Turkey and China have taken their places among the 10 growing economies of the world. Today, Turkey and China play a leading role in the integration of common commercial space and free (duty-free) trade in their regions.

Today, Turkey and China models are emphasized in the global economy. Turkey and China models; It differs from each other in terms of both the forms of competition in the markets and the democratic (Turkey) and authoritarian monocentricity (China).

How can Turkey in the west of Asia be such a center while China in eastern Asia is a global center of attraction? The answer lies in the regional cooperation model.

The presence of China in the BRIC group on Emerging Economies and Turkey in the MINT group clearly shows the direction of development.

CHINA MODEL

As a result of the regionalization trends in trade accelerated by globalization, the China-centered region in East Asia creates a division of labor and synergy with its neighbors within the framework of regional cooperation;

These;

  • North East Asia (Japan, Korea),
  • Greater China (China, Hong Kong, Taiwan) and
  • South East Asia (Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, Philippines, Singapore, Burma, Cambodia, Laos).

While exports from the region are mostly towards the US market, the key country in this cooperation is China. In the next ten years, China is on the way to create the AFTA-Asian Free Trade Area together with the countries in the mentioned region.

Map 1: Pearl River Delta, Canton Region, China

As a global export powerhouse, the Canton region in the south of China carries many clues in terms of our Turkey-based regional division of labor proposal.

The Pearl River delta in the Canton region of China is a global production base. Numerous foreign-invested factories for the consumer industry create an incredible traffic of people and goods here. Containers, sea buses, landing and departing planes, trucks display dazzling dynamism.

Map 2: Canton Region, China

China has taken such a regional leadership initiative in its region. Especially, with the Bill Clinton administration, the concept of Greater China has started to be used. The Chinese are also reaping the fruits of this with their economy that has been growing 7-8% for 25 years and continuously.

Since the Clinton administration, China (more precisely, Greater China = (China+Hong Kong+Taiwan) has taken the lead among the world’s 10 emerging economies.

Source: http://leventagaoglu.blogspot.com.tr/2014/09/port-city-network-in-east-and-south.html

Map 3: Regionalization in Asia-Pacific – The “New Mediterranean” Economic Corridor

The Chinese speaking the same language from Taiwan, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China and overseas (USA, England, Canada, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Australia, New Zealand) create a great economic dynamism in a network understanding.

The Chinese Business Network is one of the strongest networks in the world and is the real force behind China’s rapid development.

REGIONAL DEPARTMENT OF LABOR PROPOSITION centered in Turkey

Turkey has a similar advantage of living together with the nations in its region for centuries; In the event that a similar economic dynamism is created within the understanding of a network, our country will also be able to become a regional/global center of attraction.

In economic terms;

  • EU/GB,
  • EKIT (ECO),
  • BSEC
  • D8
  • OIC/COMCEC

Our connections and our position within the major institutions of the Western World also reinforce our role as a regional power.

Considering the example of the Canton model in the south of China for Turkey, Istanbul and the Thrace region in its hinterland have similar connotations. Area;

· Renovated factories in new centers (Çerkezköy, Çorlu, İkitelli) in the last 10 years,
· Opportunities created by Istanbul in terms of contact with the outside world,
· Transportation opportunities and
· Progress towards becoming a fashion/fair center,
· Not only Turkey but also Turkey Its characteristic of being the historical metropolis and capital of empires of a very large region, including .

Map 4: Thrace Map

All these factors; When evaluated together, it has features that will enable us to be hopeful for the creation of a similar dynamism.

If Turkey implements a policy of strengthening by creating regional division of labor/cooperation and an economic union in the region, of course, it can reap the benefits of this like China and become the dynamo of regionalization and development in its region with its high growth rates.

The regionalization dynamism will also bring the advantages of being both a forwarding country and a forwarded country in industrial sectors, especially in subcontracting and outward processing directed by German and Italian companies.

Turkey has a similar linguistic and cultural advantage in its region, which is strengthened by historical and cultural ties; When Turks in EU countries and the USA are also included, if a similar economic dynamism is created within a network understanding, Turkish industry will also become a center of attraction.

As a result of the evaluation of regional cooperation opportunities;

• We can become the largest supplier of industries in the region.
• We can be among the top 5 countries in the region, especially in industrial production.

EXPORT VISION: IMPORTANCE OF REGIONAL MARKETS 

Another critical issue is; How much of a key role commerce plays in this regard. From 1960 to 1980, the British Foreign Office’s number one commandment to all British Embassies around the world was: “Improve British business!” it happened. Today, British world trade is “profitable”, its international sales outnumbering its purchases. Turkish Industry is not open enough yet. Trade connections that will come with opening up will be able to carry the industrial sectors to new horizons. Trade connections will bring along the buyer connections that are active in sales channels, and may bring the increase in exports to target markets on the agenda.

From Hungary to Turkey, from the Black Sea to the Adriatic, and even, as some have suggested, to Russia, Central Asia and China, a regional (domestic) market is re-forming. From Debrecen in the far northeast of Hungary to Istanbul, the center of Euro-Asian trade, the outlines of a region different from the political and military border definitions of states begin to appear. For more than 25 years, old trade routes have re-emerged in the region, and finally, Istanbul, the backbone of Euro-Asian trade, has once again become the main commercial center of the region.

Centre; Based on the Atlantic, Turkey is in the “wing country” position.

When others are winged, they are locked into their goals.
When you become the center, you take wings to your own goal.

Centre; Based on Turkey, our country rises to the position of “winged country”.

In order to take off, we need to take wings; The maneuvering power on our wings will bring us to the target.

Our regional markets are our wings; Let’s increase our exports rapidly towards our regional markets so that we can gather strength in our wings.

Turkey’s regional areas have been blocked from 3 sides.
European Union (Germany); He blocked the Balkans.
Russia; It blocks Turkestan.
The USA, on the other hand, has been carrying out a comprehensive blockade in the Middle East region for years.

Despite these regional blockades that we are subject to;

  • in the Caucasus region; Azerbaijan, Georgia (STA), Iran
  • in the Turkestan region; Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan
  • in the Balkans; Albania (STA), Macedonia (STA), Bosnia (STA), Kosovo, Serbia (STA), Montenegro (STA)
  • in Africa; Somalia, Sudan, Morocco (STA), Tunisia (STA), Algeria, Mauritius (STA)
  • in the Middle East; Qatar, Iraq, Palestine (STA), Israel (STA), Egypt (STA), Jordan (STA)
  • North; Ukraine
  • in the Mediterranean; TRNC
  • In the Pacific : S. Korea (2013), Malaysia (2015), Singapore (STA) Chile (STA)

With the regional cooperation we have developed in the markets of a total of 29 countries, blockages coming from 3 directions (west, east, south) are tried to be eliminated.

Map 5: Five Sea Basins. Central Country of 70
Markets Our Free Trade Areas in Turkey (2016)

Regions Number of Markets Number of Free Markets

EURASIA
BALKANS 14 12
KAZAR/CAUCASIA 3 1
TURKISTAN 5
NORTH MARKETS 3
MIDDLE EASTERN/FREE CRESCENT&HICAZ 16 5
NORTH AFRICA/MAGREB 8 2

EUROPE
WEST EUROPE 15 15
EASTERN EUROPE 6 6
TOTAL 70 41

There are a total of 70 countries (markets) in 8 sub-regions in the 5-hour flight region where Turkey is the Center. Our Free Trade Area has been formed with 41 of these markets. The Western European and Balkan markets are where our free trade areas are most common. 21 of these areas are in Europe and 20 of them are in Eurasia.

TURKEY: CENTRAL COUNTRY OF THE FIVE SEA BASINS 

All markets on the Turkey-based Regional Cooperation Map are within a 5-hour flight distance.

While technological developments in the field of communication and transportation have globalized trade, the political and ideological division that limited trade has also disappeared. So, for example, we now know what happened in Plovdiv. So, the answer to whether it is more efficient to export industrial products to San Francisco or Plovdiv has emerged spontaneously.

As a start;

· The industrial import and export data of neighboring countries, as well as Eastern European and Balkan countries, should be determined on the basis of products in their up-to-date form, and how much share our country gets from this trade should be expressed with statistics, and suggestions should be put forward on how we can increase our share.
· Now, without wasting any time, it is essential that we first make an inventory of what we sell to whom in the regional markets.
· After that, we should determine who buys what and what they need, and implement an export policy for the regional markets.
· Diversity should be ensured in the products subject to the export of industrial sectors. The cooperation opportunities of the countries of the region in a very wide geography have the potential to turn the competition into a solution partnership in many products that seem to be competing with each other.
· After determining the industrial products that we can sell but cannot sell, or that we sell less, in regional markets, we should make a country-by-country planning of the cooperation that we will develop in these markets. Because we know that to develop our trade with regional markets; In a sense, it may cause us to be evaluated not as a market of 80 million people, but as a much larger regional market.
· Turkish industrialism has to deal with regional markets and trade as a holistic project without wasting any time. After the division of cooperation and division of labor in industrial sectors with the countries of the region, it should be determined in which product and production stages and in what way the cooperation will be made. For example, Turkey’s share in the foreign trade of the Balkan countries is only 2.6%. This share shows that Turkey, which has been in the region for 650 years since 1352 and is the largest economy in the Balkans, does not actually exist in the region. (Source http://www.balkanpazar.org/dis_ticaret.asp)

· As a result of the specialization in the industrial production stages, the producers develop cooperation / division of labor among themselves, and by providing efficiency in resource use, they become not rivals but complements to each other. The aforementioned Win-Win model is best implemented by Italian industrialists. This model can be taken as an example by our industrialists.

BALKANPAZAR: Rumelia and Eastern Europe Expansion

Turkish is the common language of the Balkan countries. As the word BALKAN is of Turkish origin, the word PAZAR is a word of Turkish origin that is used in all Balkan languages ​​such as Albanian, Bulgarian, Serbian, Hungarian, Romanian and Greek. In addition, the word market is reflected in the place names in the Balkans.

Ndrouqi Market in Albania; Pazaric in Bosnia and Herzegovina; Pazarcık, Tatarpazarcık, Novi Pazar, Osman Pazarı in Bulgaria; Skopski Market in Macedonia; Pazarlia in Romania; Novi Pazar, Virpazar in Yugoslavia; Pazariste in Croatia and Megalo Pazaraki in Greece are some of these place names.
In these countries, more than 40 place names in which the word market is mentioned show how important the market phenomenon is in the region and that a holistic market was created in the Balkans under the rule of Turks. (Source: http://balkanpazar.org/misyonumuz.asp )

The BSEC Black Sea Economic Cooperation project was developed by our 7th President, the late Turgut Özal.

Since the EU will disappear, the Rumelian opening will become essential. Rumelia; Eastern Europe and the whole of the Balkans were considered as the countries to the east of the Estonia-Bosnia vertical. There are Turks at both ends of this vertical. Turks exist both in Estonia and in Bosnia.

Map 6: Estonia-Bosnia line

When we say Balkanpazar and Hazarpazar, both are Turkish words that all partner countries understand.

Source: http://leventagaoglu.blogspot.com.tr/2015/09/turk-dusunce-tarihi-4-tefekkur.html

Map 7: Pazar Yerads in the Balkans and Anatolia

CASPIAN OPENING

The Caspian Region is a typical synthesis of the peoples of Eurasia. Adriatic-Black Sea-Caspian line; It is the reflection of the Balkans-Anatolia-Caucasus-Prenasia line in the seas.

As in the Rumeli expansion, “Caspian Pazar” is also pluralistic; In that sense, Armenia, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan can also be added to the structure. Thus, the oasis of civilization will be understood in Transoxiana.

When we shift our economic border to the National Pact in the south, Mesopotamian civilization will enter into the same interaction.

As a result of the expansions of Rumelia and Caspian, all ancient eastern religions are Islam, Orthodoxy, Judaism; It will find its meaning in Istanbul, in the center of the world.

Caspian is also the reddening of China since the Tang dynasty in the past. The Whites reached the Far West in the Americas, landed on the Pacific coast and integrated the continent. The Chinese, on the other hand, could not go beyond Urumqi, and when they lost the Talas war in Kyrgyzstan, they could not land on the seashore to the Caspian and were locked in the land.

Caspian coast countries/regions:

1. Dagestan
2. Kalkumya
3. Azerbaijan
4. Russia
5. Astrakhan Oblast
6. Georgia
7. Armenia
8. Turkey
9. Kazakhstan
10. Turkmenistan
11. Iran

Source: http://leventagaoglu.blogspot.com.tr/2015/09/turk-dusunce-tarihi-4-tefekkur.html

Map 8: Caspian Market Countries

SILK ROAD 

Silk Road: This line stretching from the Caspian Sea to the Pacific Ocean; It is the backbone of the Asian market.

With the completion of the High Speed ​​​​Train (YHT) lines and the 3rd Istanbul Airport on this line, Turkey will get closer to these markets.

Map 9: Silk Road Markets

Silk Road; It will connect the cities of Istanbul-Ashgabat-Astana-Beijing-Shanghai. At the end of the next ten years, Asia’s GNP size will surpass that of the West.

TURKISTANPAZAR

Turkistan and Turkey’s 2013 growth rates:

5.8% Azerbaijan
· 6.0% Kazakhstan
· 10.5% Kyrgyzstan
· 7.4% Tajikistan
· 4.1% Turkey
· 10.2% Turkmenistan
· 8.0% Uzbekistan

Source: World Bank

Dominant countries in the import of Turkestan;

· Russia 27%
· China 25%
· Turkey 6%
· Germany 5%
· Korea 5%

Source: TradeMap

Conclusion:

– The development rates of Turkestan countries are at the same level as China. It is very high.
– The share we get from the trade of Turkestan countries is low.
– In a short time, China can overtake Russia by occupying the first place in Turkestan’s imports.

​Fertile Crescent & Hejaz (Nile to Tigris) Markets:

Area; It covers a growing market like Egypt, a high-tech power like Israel, and oil-rich markets like Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Qatar and the UAE.

Map 10: Fertile Crescent Region

AFRICAN MARKETS

In the distribution of the world’s 10 most populated countries in 2015, Africa was represented only by Nigeria, in 2050 it will be represented by Nigeria, Congo, Ethiopia, and in 2100 by Nigeria, Congo, Tanzania, Ethiopia and Niger.

area of ​​the African continent; It is equal to the sum of the area covered by the USA, China, India, Japan, Eastern Europe, Germany, England, Switzerland, Italy, France, Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, Portugal.

STRONG DIRECTIONS AND OPPORTUNITIES IN THE STRAITS REGION IN THE RUMELİ/THRACIAN PENINSULA: 

OSB

Ikitelli
Cerkezkoy
Europe
Corlu

Sea Port/Roads/Canals

Canal Istanbul
Tekirdag
Ambarli
Caspian-Black Sea connection

Sea Passenger Transportation (IDO)

İstanbul(Yenikapı)
Bursa
Yalova
Büyükçekmece
Pendik Airport 3rd Airport Atatürk Airport Çorlu Edirne Tekirdağ



Highways/Bridges

TEM Highway 3rd Bridge
Highway
Ring Road
3rd Bridge
Çanakkale Bridge
OsmanGazi Bridge

Railroads

Beijing-London Train Line
High Speed ​​​​Train (Ankara-Istanbul)
Marmaray

universities

Istanbul
Edirne
Kirklareli
Tekirdag
Canakkale TECHNOPARKS

Boğaziçi Technopark, Boğaziçi University
Istanbul Technopark, Avcılar Campus
ITU Arı Teknokent, Ayazağa
Trakya Technopark, Edirne
Yıldız Technopark, YTU, Davutpaşa

REGIONAL MARKETS MADE IN TURKEY 

INTERCHANGE POINTS:

EURASIA:
Rumelia/Balkans/Eastern Europe,
Asia Minor,
Caucasus,
Turkestan

AFRASIA:

North Africa
Fertile Crescent
Hejaz/Gulf BALKANPAZAR
Bulgaria
Greece
Former Yugoslavia
Albania
Romania
Moldova
Eastern Europe

HAZARPAZAR
Turkey
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
Iran
Dagestan
Kalkumia
Azerbaijan
Russia
Astrakhan Oblast
Georgia
Armenia

TURKISTANPAZAR / SILK ROAD MARKETS

Uzbekistan
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Afghanistan
East Turkestan Autonomous Region

FABULOUS CRESCENT&HICAZ (FROM NILE TO DICLE)

Egypt
Israel
Palestine
Arabia
Kuwait
UAE
Qatar
Oman
Yemen
Bahrain
Syria
Jordan
Lebanon
Iraq

AFRICAN MARKETS

North Africa
East Africa
West Africa
South Africa

OUR REGIONAL INTEGRATION INITIATIVES (CURRENT)

EU-GB
BSEC
EKİT(ECO)
D8
OIC/COMCEC

DEVELOPING WORLD:

BRIC
Brazil
Russia
India
China

MINT
Mexico
Indonesia
Nigeria
Turkey

REGIONAL INTEGRATIONS WE ARE MEMBER OF:

EU:
Germany.Austria.Belgium.Bulgaria.Czech Republic.Denmark.Estonia.Finland.France.Greek Cyprus.Croatia.Netherlands.England.Ireland.Spain.Sweden.Italy.Latvia.Lithuania.Luxembourg.Hungary.Malta.Poland. .Romania.Slovakia.Slovenia.Greece. Note: Turkey is only a member of the Customs Union (GB).
BSEC:
Albania.Azerbaijan.Bulgaria.Armenia.Georgia.Moldova.Romania.Russia.Turkey.Ukraine.Greece.Serbia EKIT (ECO): Afghanistan.Azerbaijan.Iran.Kazakhstan.Kyrgyzstan.Pakistan.Tajikistan.Turkey.Turkmenistan.Uzbekistan.
D : Indonesia.Pakistan.Nigeria.Bengaldesh.Egypt.Iran.Turkey.Malaysia
OIC: Islamic Development Organization: It has 57 members. Afghanistan, Albania, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Benin, United Arab Emirates (UAE), Brunei, Burkina-Faso, Algeria, Djibouti, Chad, Indonesia, Morocco, Ivory Coast, Palestine, Gabon, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Guyana , Iraq, Iran, Cameroon, Qatar, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Kornors, Kuwait, Libya, Lebanon, Maldives, Malaysia, Mali, Egypt, Mauritania, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Uzbekistan, Pakistan, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Suriname, Saudi Arabia, Tajikistan, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Oman, Jordan, Yemen, Syria

REGIONS AND MARKET SHARES Our

                                                 Market Shares in the Regions (2015; % )

1 TURKISTAN 45 3.56 7.9 EAST
2 NEIGHBORS 395.2 24.5 6.2
3 NORTH AFRICA 113.6 5.5 4.8 SOUTH
4 KAZAR 282.6 13.4 4.7 NORTH, EASTERN
5 fertile CRESCENT&HICAZ 703 27.6 3.9 SOUTH
6 CIS/CIS 314 11.7 3.7 EAST, NORTH
7 MIDDLE EAST 954 31.2 3.3 EAST, SOUTH
8 EKIT (ECO) 345.7 9.6 2.8 EAST
9 IKT 1556 42.8 2.8 EAST,SOUTH
10 AFRICA 500.8 12.5 2.5 SOUTH
11 KEİB 615 14.8 2.4 EAST, NORTH
12 MEDITERRANEAN 1953 38.6 2 SOUTH, WEST
13 GULF IB ( GCC) 495 9.6 1.9 SOUTH
14 EAST EUROPE 687.3 9.3 1.35 WEST, NORTH
15 EU-SW 5214 65 1.2 WEST
16 BALKANS 327 3.65 1.2 WEST
17 D8 740.5 8.2 1.1 EAST,SOUTH
18 SAARC (South Asia) 494 1.4 0.3 SOUTH
19 BRICS 2507 7.6 0.3 EAST, NORTH,SOUTH
20 SCO/SCO 1898.5 6.05 0.3 EAST, NORTH
21 GREATER CHINA 2470 2.9 0.1 EAST

Source: TradeMap

Turkistan:   Turkmenistan. Kazakhistan. Uzbekistan. Kyrgyzstan. Tajikistan

Neighbors:  Russia.Greece.Iran.Ukraine.Iraq.Bulgaistan.Azerbaijan.Georgia.Syria.Armenia


KAZAR  Iran.Russia.Azerbaijan.Turkmenistan.Georgia.Kazakhstan.Uzbekistan.Armenia CIS: Russia.Ukraine.Belarus.Kazakhstan.Azerbaijan.Uzbekistan.Georgia.Kyrgyzstan.Turkmenistan.Moldova.Tajikistan.Armenia.

Gulf BU (GCC):   UAE.Saudi Arabia.Kuwait.Qatar. Oman.Bahrain.

Mediterranean Markets:  France.Italy.Spain.Czech.Egypt.Israel.Greece.Algeria.Morocco.Bulgaria.Slovenia.Croatia.Jordan.Serbia.Tunisia.Lebanon.Libya.Bosnia Herzegovina.Malta.Cyprus.Syria.Albania.

Eastern Europe:  Poland.Czech.Hungary.Slovakia.Romania.Ukraine.Belarus.Lithuania.Estonia.Latvia.Moldova

SAARC:   India.Pakistan.Bengaldesh.Afghanistan.Sri Lanka.Nepal.Maldives.Bhutan

BRICS:  brezilya.rusya.hindistan.ç’s

SCO/SCO:  China.Russia.Kazakhstan.Uzbekistan.Kyrgyzstan.Tajikistan

Greater China:  China.Hong Kong.Taiwan.Makau

The regions where we have the highest market share are respectively;

  • Turkestan
  • North Africa
  • CIS (USSR)
  • Middle East

In this order are North, East, South; There is no WEST..

Our market shares in the EU and the Balkans are low. Our share in the Balkan markets (imports), which was 2.6% in 2003, decreased to 1.2% in 2015; Balkan Markets were lost to European competitors, especially Germany.
Our Continental Market Shares (2015)

Continental Market (Imports; Billion USD Market (Imports; Billion USD Market Share (%))

  • Asia 6126 41.4 0.7
  • Europe 5832 77.1 1.3
  • America 3723 9.2 0.3
  • Africa 501 12.4 2,5
  • Oceania 267 0.7 0.3

Source: TradeMap

Ranking of market shares;

  • Africa
  • Europe
  • Asia
  • America
  • Oceania

is in the form. We got one-fold of our share from the European import market, to which we are connected with the Customs Union, from the African market. Our market share in other continents is below 1%.

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 

  1. Our market shares in the EU and the Balkans are low. We lost against Europe and Germany.
  2. While the final revisions of the article were made, the UK left the EU as a result of the referendum.
  3. “From Eastern Europe to East Turkestan”, Turkey-based İktisadi Birlik has come before us as a century-old opportunity.
  4. Our Markets; now it is in the East, it is in the South. The UK’s “No to the EU” referendum result confirmed this fact. A new Union based in Turkey is on the agenda. Let’s quickly expand to the regional markets of Europe, Asia and Africa.
  5. Despite the implementation of the Customs Union agreement with the EU, the share we receive from the EU market (imports) is at the end of the table of shares we receive from the regional markets.
  6. Although there is no Customs Union agreement with Turkestan markets, EKIT, Africa, OIC, Gulf IB (GCC), the fact that our market share (import) is higher than our EU market share makes it necessary to question the Customs Union with the EU. GB is the means of occupation of the Turkish market in favor of Europe. The 20-year EU-GB process has made Turkey the open market of Europe.
  7. The high market share we get from the Turkestan markets should be a criterion for other regions as well.
  8. Of the Indian Subcontinent markets (SAARC), where we have the lowest market share, India has the world’s highest growth rate (7.5%). The area should be moved quickly. All of the industrial products needed by the regional markets are produced competently in our country.
  9. Current situation measurement in exports should be done with the right methods. The criterion to be taken as a basis while evaluating the export is not the value or quantity of the products sold to the market in question. The measure is our share of the total import value of that market; is our percentage in its value; is our share. Measures are not our sales; is the share we get from the market of the buyer country.
  10. South Korea, with a population of 50 million, has increased its exports to over 500 billion dollars with this market share strategy.
  11. Hyundai, Samsung, LG etc. global brands and companies are the results of this model.
  12. If our proposal for Turkey’s cooperation and regionalization strategy for regional markets is deepened and implemented by the Turkish Industry Sectors, new OPPORTUNITIES will come before Turkish industrialism.
  13. Turkey-based INDUSTRY is located in the middle of a region (Europe, Eurasia) with a population of 1.4 billion;
  14. Determining with which regional countries a cooperation similar to the regional cooperation example in the emerging East Asia will be established,
  15. Implementation of cooperation in Turkey and in the region by industrial firms; will be a fundamental strategic choice.
  16. Such an application; By creating a leap forward growth in Turkish Industrialism, it can ensure full use of the existing idle capacities in the industrial sectors, and be the assurance of the industry’s continued growth.
  17. E.g; While one global producer country from Europe and Asia (Italy and China) takes the first two places in the world leather making classification, they export double-digit billion dollars.
  18. The industry of Turkey, the central country of the rising Eurasia, which carries the characteristics of both continents, will be able to show similar export performance by adapting itself quickly to the two dynamic processes of globalization/regionalization-regional cooperation processes of the current global age.
  19. The low levels of our shares in the total imports of the regional markets are clear indications that the road to be taken is very long.
  20. The “Foreign Trade Capital Companies” model of the late Turgut Özal, the visionary founder of İkitelli OSB, should be revived specifically for the IOSB, and the markets of 119 countries, to which our global brand THY flies, should be targeted with the goal of “Ikitelli Organized Market: The World”.
  21. Loyalty to the late Turgut Özal; Our Mission and Vision.

While Turkey exported to 212 countries in 2015, 61 of them experienced increases in exports.

  • africa 13
  • america 12
  • asian 12
  • european 10
  • oceania 10
  • middle east 4

countries with increasing exports 61

39%: Africa and Asia

Turkey; while increasing its exports to 29 countries in the rising Asia, Africa and the Middle East; France increased its exports to 63 countries in these regions.

France surpassed Korea and became the world’s 5th largest exporter.

While France exported to 221 countries in 2015, 99 of them experienced increases in exports.

  • africa 32
  • asian 21
  • america 19
  • european 11
  • middle east 10
  • oceania 6

countries with increasing exports 99

53%: Africa and Asia

Turkish Businessmen Network

I believe that there are lessons that Turkey should draw from China’s development (Regional Cooperation/Imperial Power-based Regionalization and Chinese Businessmen’s Network). Although both countries come from the imperial imperial tradition, Turkey cannot use this power.

1. GEOTRADE approach  Turkey’s share in the EU’s trade is 1%, while its share in the trade of the Five Regions (Balkans, Caucasus, Middle East, Russia-Ukraine, Central Asia) and neighboring countries is 6.9%. The highest rate is the share taken from the trade of TURKISTAN countries with 7.9%.

Although the Customs Union was established to increase trade with the EU, the share of EU trade could not exceed 1%. Power is political, to become politically powerful, but the sine qua non of this is trade, being a commercial power.

 2. Turkish Businessmen Network Inspired by the Chinese Business Network, I believe that Turkish businessmen in the world will function as the most effective force in the development of Turkey and the Turkish world. An asymmetrical example shows itself in the TUSIAD application. When Turkish and Chinese development models are compared, the approaches of businessmen and bureaucracy seem to be the main differences.

In the Chinese model, which is also known as the “Chinese Business Network”, Chinese businessmen are the main force behind China’s development. The foreign capital flowing to China is provided by Chinese businessmen living outside of China. The model works on the ideal of cooperation and development of China, especially among Chinese businessmen living outside of China.

Same-speaking Taiwanese, Hong Kong, Chinese in the People’s Republic of China and Diaspora (USA, UK, Canada, Thailand,Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Australia, New Zealand) the Chinese are creating an incredible economic dynamism. The underlying thing is that they speak the same language and have the same culture. The economies of ASEAN countries are largely in the hands of ethnic Chinese businessmen who are citizens of the country.          

                         Population of Chinese descent (%) Economic Power (%)

  • Singapore 76 76
  • Malaysia 32 60
  • Indonesia 4 50
  • Philippines 1 40
  • Thailand 10 50
  • Vietnam 1 20

A similar practice is also valid among Indian Businessmen. When we look back at the Turkish practice, the World Turkish Businessmen’s Congress is held periodically in Ankara. The congress is organized by the World Turkish Businessmen Foundation. http://www.dutiv.org.tr/. http://www.dutiv.org.tr/kurultay5/

The database of companies is  available at http://www.dutiv.org.tr/rehber/sfirma.html . It is stated that Turks live in 132 countries in the world and 6 million 800 thousand people of Turkish origin live outside the borders of their own country. It is emphasized that the country with the highest number of immigrants living outside the borders of its own country in the world is China, with a population of 1.3 billion, and China has 55 million people living abroad, followed by India.

The Chinese are in the first place, the Indians are in the second place, and the Turks are in the third place among the people living outside their own country in the world. Of course “ Turkish Businessmen Network”It is not necessarily a formal organization. The important thing is to make this invisible network work and functional. It is to ensure that businessmen have such a consciousness. If we had such a consciousness, the share of our neighbors’ trade volume would not have been as low as 6%.

Since Turkey indexes its entire existence to the European Union, this network cannot be established. Since the state is indifferent to such an issue, such a network can only be formed by taking political initiative. Turkish origin populations live in neighboring countries such as Greece, Bulgaria, Romania, Moldova, Macedonia, Iran, Iraq and Azerbaijan. Well, people who speak the same language are Turkish, Cypriot, Balkan, Caucasian, Iranian, Iraqi, Crimean, Russian,Why do Central Asian Turks and Diaspora Turks not create such an economic dynamism, but a great corruption/drug traffic dynamism? Suggestion- Each Turkish businessman should cooperate with at least two businessmen among 200 million Turks or Turkish-speaking people living in 45 states and 14 autonomous republics to form a network.

Turkish Businessmen Network

Chinese Business Network; It is the real reason for China’s nearly 40 years of dynamic development since 1978. 

There is no disharmony in the system of values ​​(Confucius); it is monolithic.The Turkish Businessmen Network will also pave the way for us to achieve high development rates similar to China.

Turkish Scholars: Önder Küçükerman

Önder Küçükerman was born in Trabzon in 1939. On graduating from the Istanbul State Academy of Fine Arts in 1965 he began work as assistant in the Architecture and Interior Decoration departments.

In 1972 he opened for the first time in Turkey a department for Industrial Design in the newly founded Higher School of Applied Industrial Arts attached to the Academy. He worked until 1980 as head of the department while at the same time continuing his work in the Academy itself.

In 1980 he was appointed Assistant Dean in the newly founded Faculty of Industrial Arts in the Academy and in 1982 he became head of the department of Industrial Product Design in the Faculty of Architecture of the Mimar Sinan University established on the foundations of the Academy of Fine Arts.

Between 1987 and 1993 he served for two periods as Dean of the Faculty of Architecture, Mimar Sinan University.

Önder Küçükerman has served uninterruptedly since 1971 as head of the department of Industrial Product Design.

As advisor to the Prime Ministerial office from 1984-1992 Prof. Küçükerman prepared projects on the subject of development and strengthening of traditional Turkish industrial resources from the point of view of design and creativity.

In the same years he served as member of the executive committee and director of design in the Sümerhalı sector of Sümerbank Holding. He laid the foundations for the development of research and resources in industrial design and participated in their management.

At the same time, during the years 1971-1995, he produced a large number of glass designs for Şişecam and Paşabahçe Glass Factory.

Önder Küçükerman is now head of the department of Industrial Product Design, and the Director of “M.S.U. Research Center for Developing the Industrial Design” in the Mimar Sinan University and member of the teaching faculty.

One of his duties in the university is as Turkish Correspondent of ‘The International Committee for the Conservation of the Industrial Heritage’ (T.I.C.C.I.H.)

Besides the production of a large number of works of scholarly and artistic research, articles, publications and TV programmes in his own specialised fields of industrial design, traditional design in Anatolia, the art of glassmaking and Turkish industry and the historical heritage of design, Önder Küçükerman has designed a large number of artefacts for industrial institutions and published a number of books.

Prof. Küçükerman is married with Gözen Küçükerman (Interior Architect) and has one boy, Orhan Küçükerman.

China (Canton) Model in Export

The Canton Model in China carries many clues in terms of the Turkey-based regional cooperation/division of labor proposal. When Canton province is evaluated together with Hong Kong, it is better understood how great a power it constitutes.40% of China’s foreign trade is made in the Canton region, which is adjacent to Hong Kong. JV factories producing for export are located in the Canton region. Since they are export-oriented, they can obtain import licenses and benefit from Hong Kong connection, which is the trade center of Asia-Pacific. China’s expansion to the world has also been realized with JV investments in this region.

These investments are especially concentrated around the Pearl River Delta (PRD). It takes 3 hours by road from Hong Kong to the provincial capital. Many cities are lined up along the delta until the state capital, and these cities can also be reached by sea buses.

The Pearl River delta is a global production base. Countless foreign-invested JV factories for the consumer industry create an incredible traffic of people and goods here. Containers, sea buses, landing and taking off planes and trucks create a dazzling dynamism.

The Canton Model in China carries many clues in terms of the Turkey-based regional cooperation/division of labor proposal. When Canton province is evaluated together with Hong Kong, it is better understood how great a power it constitutes.

40% of China’s foreign trade is made in the Canton region, which is adjacent to Hong Kong. JV factories producing for export are located in the Canton region. Since they are export-oriented, they can obtain import licenses and benefit from Hong Kong connection, which is the trade center of Asia-Pacific. China’s expansion to the world has also been realized with JV investments in this region.

These investments are especially concentrated around the Pearl River Delta (PRD). It takes 3 hours by road from Hong Kong to the provincial capital. Many cities are lined up along the delta until the state capital, and these cities can also be reached by sea buses.

The Pearl River delta is a global production base. Countless foreign-invested JV factories for the consumer industry create an incredible traffic of people and goods here. Containers, sea buses, landing and taking off planes and trucks create a dazzling dynamism.