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Turkish Scholars; Khorassan

CONSIDERS YEARS REGION CITY COUNTRY STATE VOCATION NOTES RESOURCES NOTES

JABIR BIN HAYYAN first 721-815 Khorasan Tus, Iran IRAN Chemistry “Dominate Chemistry, dominate the world”

MERUZΠ  ………-869 Khorasan Merv, Turkmenistan Turkmenistan Mathematics First trigonometric ratios, sine, cosine, conant, cotangent https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habash_al-Hasib_al-Marwazi

EBU’L-VEFA ELBUZCANΠ  940 – 998 Khorasan Buzhgan, Iran IranMathematics significantly improved Astronomy Khwarezmi’s discoveries in mathematics and geometry. He especially focused on the relations between geometry and algebra https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ab% C5%AB_al-Waf%C4%81’_B%C5%ABzj%C4%81n%C4%AB

NİZAMÜLMULK  1018-1092 Khorasan Tus, Iran Iran PoliticsnameThe founder of the country’s orders, those who guide us, alatlı http://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BCslim_bin_Hacc%C3%A2c

SHEIKH YUSUF HEMEDANI  1048-1140 Khorasan Hamadan, Iran, Iran Islam “Teacher of Hodjas”

ÖMER HAYYAM   1048-1131 Khorasan Nishapur , Iran Iran Philosophy, Mathematics, Astronomy Justice is the soul of the universe.

GAZZALI   1058-1111 Khorasan Tus, Iran Iran Islam The body is the land of the heart. There are many soldiers of the heart in this country. those who guide us

NASRUDDIN ET TUSI  1201-1274 Khorasan Tus, Iran Iran The Great Islamic Scholar, Who Created Works for the First Time in the Field of Philosophy, Mathematics, Trigonometry. Those who gave direction to us, the Alati Seljuk period https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasir_al-Din_al-Tusi Anatolia, Iran and Turkistan jointly Ottoman scientific life with the contributions of scholars in the cultural basin, especially members of the Samarkand mathematics-astronomy school; In addition to linguistic, literary, religious and theological sciences, he rapidly increased his level in the field of philosophy and philosophy. The works that these scholars brought with them were rapidly multiplied and put into circulation through the process of copying. Occupying the most obvious place in this production activity is Nasîrüddîn Tusi’s Tahrîrât. Tahrîrât includes the main hypothetical works written in the Ancient Greek and Islamic world, called Mutevassitât, between Euclid’s Usul and Ptolemy’s Macestî.These works are the main works in the field of hypothetical sciences, which are constantly copied when needed in the Ottoman country. The fact that the facsimile was copied for the opinion of Mehmed the Conqueror, and as a result, the scribes were more careful and produced an authentic text, further increasing the importance of the copy, its ease of reading and its visual richness.

MEVLANA  1207-1273 Khorasan Belh, Afghanistan Afghanistan Sufi Mystic Didn’t we love the Creator without seeing? Mesnevî, which is one of the most important and most beautiful literary and mystical works of classical Eastern literature, consists of 6 volumes called notebooks. It is a work written by Hüsameddin Çelebi, sung in the last fifteen years of Mevlânâ’s life, who migrated from the city of Belh where he was born and resided in Konya, one of the central cities of Anatolia, and voiced the truth to all humanity from there. Mesnevî, which is one of the rare works that has survived until today without losing anything of its value since the 13th century when it was said and written, continues to maintain its influence on large masses all over the world and to be read in various languages ​​today. The number of languages ​​it has been translated into and the commentaries made on it show its scope and level of fame.Even today, Mesnevî, who carries the secret of the purpose of creation, resonates in every heart, and moves the minds with the ability to think on the summits of contemplation; One of the oldest manuscripts, which was copied 100 years after the death of Mevlana, Süleymaniye Manuscript Library, Halet Efendi, with the facsimile of the copy registered at 171. Dr. Derya Ors – Prof. Dr. It has been translated and prepared for publication by Hicabi Kırşığı.It has been translated and prepared for publication by Hicabi Kırşığı.It has been translated and prepared for publication by Hicabi Kırşığı.

HACI BEKTAŞ VELİ  1209-1271 Khorasan Nishapur, Iran Iranian Sufi”The Saints of Khorasan”

Sheikh Küster   ……..-1400 Khorasan Küster, Iran Iranian Sufi Old Karagöz masters call him “Our Pir Sheikh Küster”

Abul Hasan al Amiri   d.992 Khorasan Nishapur IRAN

Kutbuddin Razi   1293-1365 Khorasan Rey, Veramin IRAN

Abdul’ali Bircendi   D 1525-26 Khorasan Bircend, Khorasan Iranian Mathematician, astronomer, jurist. http://www.ihsanfazlioglu.net/yayinlar/makaleler/1.php?id=112

Nesevî  He. After 1100, Khorasan Nesa Turkmenistan Mathematician and astronomer. From the information obtained from him at the end of a copy of Nesevî’s et-Tecrîd, dated 551 (1156) or 557 (1162), it is learned that Avicenna came to his house and wrote a part of al-Ķānûn fi’ŧ-ŧıbb there. Bîrûnî was one of the famous people who visited this house, which was a large library and a place of science; Nesevî describes him as short and “the scholar with the most sound knowledge” (mutkin). According to the information he gave himself, Nesevî was in Rey and Isfahan during the reign of Buwayhi Ruler Mecdüddevle (997-1029). Upon the capture of Rey by Mahmud of Gazne in 1029, Sultan Mahmud and II. He lived in Ghazni for a long time during the Masud era. After the collapse of the Ghaznavids, he entered the service of the Seljuk rulers in Isfahan,especially found near Tuğrul Bey. Nesevî wrote Bâzname in 472 (1079) and after this date and Ali b. Based on the fact that Zayd al-Bayhakī states that he lived more than 100 years, it can be said that he died in 493 (1100) at the earliest. Nesevî is one of the leading mathematicians in the history of mathematics who knows the decimal concept based on Hisâb-i Hindi. First of all, he applies hisâb-i Hindi techniques to the unit fraction understanding of hisâb-i zihnî. On the other hand, he constructs hisâb-i sittîn according to Indian numbers and applies it to basic arithmetic operations made with this base. http://www.ihsanfazlioglu.net/yayinlar/makaleler/1.php?id=104In the history of mathematics, he is one of the leading mathematicians who know the decimal concept based on Hisâb-i Hindi. First of all, he applies hisâb-i Hindi techniques to the unit fraction understanding of hisâb-i zihnî. On the other hand, he constructs hisâb-i sittîn according to Indian numbers and applies it to basic arithmetic operations made with this base. http://www.ihsanfazlioglu.net/yayinlar/makaleler/1.php?id=104In the history of mathematics, he is one of the leading mathematicians who know the decimal concept based on Hisâb-i Hindi. First of all, he applies hisâb-i Hindi techniques to the unit fraction understanding of hisâb-i zihnî. On the other hand, he constructs hisâb-i sittîn according to Indian numbers and applies it to basic arithmetic operations made with this base. http://www.ihsanfazlioglu.net/yayinlar/makaleler/1.php?id=104

Our First Turkish Thinkers, 600-1000, annotated

INSCRIPTIONS/TENGR AND MEETING WITH REVEAL 600

ORHUN INSTRUCTIONS Turkistan Mongolia Mongolia Inscription With the hope that these monuments will remain in the inscriptions forever, “Bengü Taşlar” TONYUKUK first 646-724 Turkistan Mongolia Mongolia Inscription (Turkish Khan), I myself, Bilge Tunyukuk, (brought) the Turkish people to the land of Ötüken. hasan b.paksoy

BİLGE KAĞAN 683-734 Turkistan Mongolia Mongolia Inscription (I), like God (and) Turkish Wise Hakan hasan b.paksoy http://gokturkkanitlari.appspot.com/Tonyukuk http://gokturkanitlari.appspot.com/Tonyukuk http://www.simurg.com.tr/tr-tr/urun/dilbilim/169368/en-eski-turkce-nin-izlerinde-orhun-ve-yenisey-yazitlari-uzerine-

KÜLTİGİN INscription 684-731 Turkistan Mongolia Mongolia Inscription”Kültigin in sheep year

EBU HANIFE 699-767 Mesopotamia Kufa IRAQ Islam If what I don’t know was under my feet, my head would touch the highest floor of the sky. those who gave us direction, the gentle grandfather

SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICS 700

CABIR BIN HAYYAN first 721-815 Khorasan Tus, Iran IRAN Chemistry “Dominate Chemistry,

IBN TÜRK EL-CEYLÎ ………..-847 Transoxiana Ceyl Mathematics Türk

MERUZÎ ………-869 Khorasan Merv, Turkmenistan Turkmenistan Mathematics First trigonometric ratios, sine, cosine, conant,

MUSA EL HAREZMİ first 780-850 Transoxiana Khiva, Uzbekistan UzbekistanMathematics,

INTELLIGENCE AND FAITH; ISLAM 800

IMAM BUHARI first 810-870 Transoxiana Bukhara,

SAİT BİN KURRA first 821-901 Mesopotamia Urfa, Turkey Turkey Islam First anesthesia practitioner. those who guide us, alatlı http://www.kimdirnedir.com/sabit-bin-kurra-

İMAM TIRMİSİ 824-892 Maveraünnehir Tirmiz,

İMAM MATURİDİ first 852-944 Transoxiana Samarkand, UzbekistanIslamic reason and faith guide us, alatlı http: //www.bilgelerzirvesi.org/tr/imam-maturidi-international-symposium-

FARABI first 872-951 Transoxiana Farab (Otrar), Kazakhstan Kazakh Philosophy Farabi “Philosophy Lessons in Transoxiana” are our guides,

SCIENCE 900

EBU’L-MAHMUD EL-HOCENDÎ ………-1000 Transoxiana Hocend (Khujand) Tajikistan Tajikistan Mathematician who discovered Fermat’s Theorem 700 years before Fermat. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu-Mahmud_Khojandi http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-2830902295.html http://www.forumhane.net/sayisal-dersler/42420-

EBU’ L-VEFA ELBUZCANÎ 940 – 998 Khorasan Buzhgan, Iran Iran Mathematics, Astronomy Harezmi significantly improved his discoveries in mathematics and geometry. He especially focused on the relations between geometry and algebra https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ab%C5 %AB_al-

EL BIRUNI first 973-1048 Transoxiana Kas, Khwarezm, Iran Iran Astronomy, Mathematics, Natural Sciences, Geography and History El Biruni “A Universal Genius” those who guide us, alatlı

IBN SINA was the first 980-1037 Transoxiana Bukhara, Uzbekistan Medical Man, Physicist, Writer, Philosopher and Scientist. Ibn-i Sina “The Ruler of Medicine”, those who guide us, alatlı http://dergiler.ankara.edu.tr/dergiler/26/1246/14247.pdf el-İşârât ve’t-Tenbîhât, one of the most important and influential philosophers of history It is one of the last works of Ibn Sînâ that he wrote chronologically. Considering the commentaries and annotations on it, it can easily be said that it is the most influential work of the author on the Islamic world. Written in a very concise style, the work in which the principles and propositions of philosophy will be discussed in the introduction, starts with the science of logic and continues with physics.Undoubtedly, the most important work of this corpus is metaphysics, which examines existence in terms of being. This work, which has been one of the most important sources of high-level metaphysical research until today, is the author of Fatih Sultan Mehmed.

HORASAN ERENLERS: TOWARDS ANATOLIA AND RUMELI 1000

DEMİR BABA 1100 s Rumeli Deliorman, Bulgaria Bulgaria Sufi Gönül and

MAHMUD KAŞGARLI first 1008-1105 Turkestan Kashgar, East Turkestan China Dil Kasgarli

YUSUF HAS HACIB first Politics 1017-1077 Turkistan Balasagistan Yusefistan Kyrgyzstan Has Hacib “The essence of man is gone, his name remains” to us

NİZAMÜLMULK 1018-1092 Khorasan Tus, Iran Iran
Political Name Those who guide us, the founder of the country’sorders,

EN NESEFI 1047-1115 Transoxiana Nasef, Tajikistan Tajikistan Islam those who guide us, alatlı http://webarchive.loc.gov/lcwa0001/20011115161716/http://www.mfa.gov.tr/grupe/e

SHEIKH YUSUF HEMEDANI 1048-1140 Khorasan Hamadan, Iran, Iran Islam “Your teachers

OMER HAYYAM 1048-1131 Khorasan Nishapur, Iran Iran Philosophy, Mathematics, Astronomy

GAZZALI 1058-1111 Khorasan Tus, Iran Iran Islam Body is the land of the heart. In this country,

ABDULKADİR GEYLANİ 1077-1166 Iran Gilan Iranian Scholar, Sufi, Philosopher of Islam During the Great Seljuk State, in the province of Gilan on the shores of the Caspian Sea in present-day Iran, in 1077 (470 A.H.), the scholar and mystic of the Kadiriye sect.

AHMET YESEVI first 1093-1166 Transoxiana Yesi, KazakhstanKazakhstan Sufi “Hodja Ahmet Yesevi “A Star in the Sky of Central Asia” “”May my wisdom be heard by the veal (scholar) Let my word be enough for the epic kilib.”” “muharrem.sevil @ trt.net.tr http ://lutfibergen.blogcu.com/horasan-erenleri/7625403 http://www.tefekkurdergisi.com/Yazi-

First Turkish Scholars&Thinkers, 600-1000

INSCRIPTIONS/TENGR AND MEETING WITH REVEAL 600

  1. TONYUKUK 646-724
  2. BIGE KAGAN 683-734
  3. CULTIGIN INSCRIPTION 684-731
  4. Abu Hanifa 699-767

SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICS 700

  1. JABIR BIN HAYYAN 721-815
  2. İBN TÜRK EL-CEYLI …..-847
  3. MERUZİ …..-869
  4. MUSA EL KHAREZMI 780-850

INTELLIGENCE AND FAITH; ISLAM 800

  1. IMAM BUHARI 810-870
  2. SABİT BİN KURRA 821-901
  3. IMAM TIRMIZ 824-892
  4. IMAM MATURIDI 852-944
  5. FARABI 872-951

SCIENCE 900

  1. EBU’L-MAHMUD EL-HOCENDI …..-1000
  2. EBU’L-VEFA ELBUZCANÎ 940 – 998
  3. EL BIRUNI 973-1048
  4. EBU’L HASAN HEREKANI 1000’s
  5. Ibn Sina 980-1037

HORASAN SAGES: TOWARDS ANATOLIA AND RUMELI 1000

  1. DEMİR BABA 1100 s
  2. KASHGARLI MAHMUD 1008-1105
  3. YUSUF HAS HACIB 1017-1077
  4. NIZAMUL Mulk 1018-1092
  5. EN NESEFİ 1047-1115
  6. Sheikh Yusuf Hamadani 1048-1140
  7. OMER HAYYAM 1048-1131
  8. GAZALI 1058-1111
  9. ABDULKADIR GEYLANI 1077-1166
  10. AHMET YESEVI 1093-1166

Turkish Scholars: The Mesopotamian Region

• EBU HANIFE: 699-767, Mesopotamia Kufa IRAQ Islam If what I don’t know was under my feet, my head would be worth the highest floor of the sky. those who guided us, alatlı grandfather from Afghanistan

• SAİT BİN KURRA first 821-901 Mesopotamia Urfa, Turkey Turkey Islam First anesthesia practitioner. those who guide us, alatlı http://www.kimdirnedir.com/sabit-bin-kurra-kimdir.html

• EL CEZERİ first 1136-1206 Mesopotamia Cizre, Turkey Turkey Cybernetics “Any technical science that is not put into practice will remain between right and wrong” those who guide us, the period of the Alati Seljuk

• SADREDDIN KONEVİ 1210-1274 Mesopotamia Malatya, Turkey Turkey The transformation of Sufi classical mysticism into a strong intellectual movement In the history of Sufism, the relationship between God and the universe, thus the emergence and functioning of existence, unlike scientific methods based on reason, was discovered by his teacher Muhyiddin İbnü’l-Arabî. Sadreddin Konevî, who explains the existence with the mystical intuition stemming from and inspiration, interprets existence with the same system and deals with the main issue of the divine science (Metaphysics) with a successful style in his work called Miftâhu’l-Gayb

• ŞEMSEDDİN ŞEHREZURİ d1288 Mesopotamia Şehrezor IRAK Wise History and Özdehet. leading of the school of spiritual philosophy

• FUZULI 1483-1556 Mesopotamia Karbala, Iraq Iraqi Poet Fuzuli included philosophical discourse in his works on literary thought “Whatever is love in the world”, as well as kalam in his work Matlau’l-itikad fi marifeti’l-mebde’ ve’l-mead. and has written on philosophy. In this work, he says that he “looks at beings with the eyes of emotion and reason, and tries to walk on them with the foot of ideas and thought.”51 It includes information and parts of the universe, the nature of the human being, the Necessary Being, its attributes and actions, prophecy, imamate, spirit and spirituality. gives. While discussing the subject of ingenuity, he gives examples from various views and talks about Kaderiye and Salihiye. It gives place to the opinions of the Mutezile and Cehmiyya sects on the necessity of knowing God.After first dividing knowledge as those related to worldly and religious affairs, it moves on to the practical and theoretical distinction of knowledge by following the philosophical tradition. Accordingly, practical knowledge is morality, household management and state administration. Theoretical knowledge, on the other hand, is divine knowledge, hypocritical knowledge and natural knowledge.52 According to him, the universe consists of entities called possible. The thinker, who accepts the existence of two separate realms as the realm of mind and the realm of sense, presents examples from the views of philosophers such as Thales, Empedocles, Anaxsagoras, Democritus, Sophists, Plato and Aristotle. While describing the parts of the realm, he talks about the sub-lunar realm and the superlunar realm, thus separating possible beings as sublime and lowly beings. He refers to Aristotle, Fârâbî and Avicenna in this regard. The universe consists of substances and accidents. According to the philosophers, the substance is the form, the specter, the body, the soul,and mind.53 Fuzuli points out the importance of rational sciences such as delegation, philosophy, and hendese, as well as narrated sciences such as tafsir and hadith. Fuzûlî, who stated that a person whose essence is not human cannot reach real knowledge, deals with many issues related to morality in his Divan. The thinker, who did not belong to the philosophy of unity or a cult, tried to explain that the source of intuitive knowledge is the path of love in order to reach high ranks, by working on mystic love in his work Leyla ve Majnun.54In his work Leyla ve Mecnun, he tried to explain that the source of intuitive knowledge is the path of love in order to reach high ranks by working on sufiyah love.54In her work Leyla ve Mecnun, she tried to explain that the source of intuitive knowledge is the path of love in order to reach high ranks by working on sufiyah love.54

• NAİMA 1655-1716 Mesopotamia Aleppo, Syria First Historian of Syria

• EBUBEKİR EFENDİ (EL-EMCEDÎ) 1835-1880 Mesopotamia Shahrizar, Iraq Ottoman Empire Itself Originally in the Hasnev Village of the City of Kerkuk and its Surroundings, 1835

• ALİ EMİRİ 1857-1924 Mesopotamia Diyarbakır Turkey Researcher and Writer of Tezkire Mir’âtü’l Fevâ’id. fi Terâcimi. Meşâhîr Amid. Diyarbakir Ulema and Notables. Ali Emiri, who found Dîvânu Lugati’t-Türk, which is the most important source for Turcology studies and Turkish history, contributed to the world of science, and provided unique services to our cultural history by donating his library containing thousands of manuscripts and printed works to his nation; He also wrote important works in the field of biography. He aimed to save them from the danger of oblivion by writing his work “Mir’âtü’l-Fevâ’id fî Terâcimi Meşâhîri Amid”, in which he describes the lives of Diyarbakırlı – formerly Amid – sheikhs, scholars, notables and poets, and statesmen who served in Diyarbakır. The only known copy of the work is the author’s calligraphy, with a 138-page introduction part and an incomplete “Elif” part of 228 leaves.It is registered in the Millet Manuscript Library, founded by Ali Emiri. In the work in question, Ali Emiri explained very famous personalities in great detail and ensured that names not included in any written source survived until today. Because of Ali Emiri’s story of establishment of cities, towns, castles, fountains, libraries, mosques and madrasas, especially in the “Mukaddime” section, and giving detailed information about some arts; It has a very important place in the field of culture and city-architectural history. The work, which was published in two volumes with facsimile editions, the introduction and the text part, includes a large place-person-work index as well as a dictionary. prof. Dr. In the preparation of the work, which was examined by Günay Kut, for publication, Millet Manuscript Library, Ali Emiri Literature, 562 and Ali Emiri History,at 750 numbers

• AHMET NAİM 1872-1934 Mesopotamia Baghdad Iraq Mudarris and

Scholars Examining Our History of Thought: İhsan Fazlıoğlu

https://avesis.medeniyet.edu.tr/ihsan.fazlioglu/cv

 

Scholars Studying the History of Turkish Thought

The research studies on the History of Turkish Intellectual History, initiated in the 19th century by İsmail Hakkı İzmirli, which  is  at the top of the list, were crowned with the Hilmi Ziya Ülken ‘s monumental work, published in the 1930s, with the HISTORY of TURKISH CONSIDERATION.
Ülken’s student,  Süleyman Hayri Bolay  , published his 8-volume work “Turkish Thinkers from the Tanzimat to the Present” in 2015, which sheds light on the history of Turkish thought.

As a result of these studies, our 2500-year-old WISDOM Mission has achieved enormous works of art with the Ahi solidarity of all three Hodjas.

Books, articles, papers and conferences published in recent years by our thinkers, starting from the 11th to the 25th; They are extremely important works in terms of presenting the Turkish Intellectual History with its unity in time (history) and space (geography).

These works introduce us to our mental map and conceptual framework since our first thinker, Bilge Tonyukuk.
The existence of a solid thought activity and planning in the background of our civilization is brought to light with these works.
  1. İsmail Hakkı İzmirli, 1869-1946
  2. Fuad Köprülü, 1890-1966
  3. Hilmi Ziya Ülken, 1901-1974
  4. Niyazi Berkes, 1908-1988
  5. Aydın Sayılı, 1913-1993
  6. Tarik Zafer Tunaya, 1916-1991
  7. Şerif Mardin, 1927-
  8. İbrahim Agah Çubukçu, 1928-
  9. Dogan Ergun, 1932-
  10. Mete Tuncay, 1936-
  11. Süleyman Hayri Bolay, 1937-
  12. Alev Alatli, 1944-
  13. Kurtulus Kayali, 1949-
  14. Yalçın Koç, 1950-
  15. Kenan Gursoy, 1950-
  16. Ismail Kara, 1955
  17. Sukru Hanioglu, 1955-
  18. Ayhan Bıçak, 1956 –
  19. Said Başer, 1957-
  20. Erol Goka, 1959-
  21. Süleyman Seyfi Ogun, 1959
  22. Huseyin Gazi Topdemir, 1962
  23. Yusuf Kaplan, 1964-
  24. İhsan Fazlıoğlu, 1966-
  25. Fatih M. Şeker

Turkish Scholars in the Atlas of Philosophy

Please click the links.

Turkish Thinkers in the Atlas of PhilosophyPhilosophy Atlas

  1. Al Biruni
  2. Abu Hanifa
  3. Abul Vefa El Buzecani
  4. Akbar Jalaluddin
  5. Al-Farabi
  6. Al Ghazali
  7. Al Khayyam
  8. Ibn Sina
  9. Ibrahim Hakki Erzurumlu
  10. al-Maturidi
  11. Rumi Celaleddin
  12. Fixed B Curre
  13. Es Suhrawardi
  14. Et Tusi Nasiruddin
  15. Ulugh Beg
  16. Yusuf Has Hacib
  17. Ziya Gokalp
  1. Suburb of El Biruni Kas /Birun 973, Rey 955 (?), Gilan 995, Kas 997, Bukhara, Jürcan 999, Harizm (Kas and Gürgenc) 1003, Ghazni 1017-1050, Kabul, Kashmir and most likely Thanesar’ via Punjab. Traveling to India (accompanying Mahmud of Ghazni’s campaigns of conquest) to BC: Universal genius, astronomer and geographer (hermeneutical) Indologist and philosopher.
  2. Abu Hanifa Kufa 699, Mecca, Baghdad (prison) 767: Islamic theologian (theologian) and legal scholar (faqih)
  3. Abul Vefa El Buzecani Buzecan 940 in Khorasan, Baghdad 959-998, Astronomer and mathematician (trigonometry)
  4. Vesic 870 in Al Farabi Farab, Merv, Baghdad, Harran 910 and Aleppo 942, Egypt and Istanbul (?), Damascus or Aleppo 950: The prominent figure of the philosophy understanding in Islam (metaphysics, epistemology, at the same time political scientist) with Hellenistic influences ), (after Aristotle) ​​Second Master, Muallim-i Sani
  5. Al-Ghazali Tus 1058, Curjan and Nishapur, Baghdad 1085-95, Damascus, Jerusalem, Mecca and Medina, Tus 1097-1111; in between Nishapur1106-11: epistemology and philosophy critical Islamic theologian (mutakallim), jurist (faqih) and sufi mystic (mystic)
  6. El Harezmi Baghdad due to Kutrubbul (?) 780, 813-850 Baghdad. Astronomer and prominent Muslim mathematician. The person who recites Indian numerals.
  7. Al-Khayyam Nishapur 1050-1132, Samarkand 1070, Isfahan 1075 and Merv 1118. Free-spirited Islamic poet. Astronomer and mathematician.
  8. Efşene 980 of Ibn Sina Bukhara.Bukhara, Gürgenc 1003, Cürcan 1013, Reyy 1014, Hamadan 1015 and Isfahan 1023-37, Hamadan 1037: Muslim physician, medical textbook writer, judge/kadi and inspired by Hellenic culture in Islam most important figure of philosophy. It deeply influenced the Latin-speaking Middle Ages and New Age Persian philosophy.
  9. İbrahim Hakkı Erzurumlu Hasankale/Pasinler 1708 under Erzurum, Tillo/Aydinlar 1717-1780 under Siirt, between Erzurum and Mecca. Universal genius and mystic (reconciliation between scientific cosmology and the religion of Islam)
  10. El Maturidi Maturid 870 of Samarkand, 945 of Samarkand. Hanfi theologian, jurist and Qur’an commentator (interpreter), founder of Maturidiyya theology, which is named after him.
  11. Rumi Celaleddin Belh 1207, Samarkand 1212, Nishapur, Mecca, Malatya, Sivas, Akşehir 1219 and Larende of Karaman 1222 migrated to Konya 1228-1273. Great sufi poet (Persian) and mystic.
  12. Sait B Kurre Harran 836. Baghdad 901. Shaabi. Physician, astronomer and mathematician (numeral theory), Arabic translator of Hellenic texts.
  13. Es Suhreverdi Suhreverd 1154. Meraga and Isfahan. Greek/Anatolia, Aleppo 1183-1191. Şeyhül Üşrak (Master of Enlightenment), important sufi mystic and philosopher (Light Science, Hikmetül İşrak)
  14. Et Tusi Nashiruddin Tus 1201, Nishapur 1213-21, and Iraq (Mawsil/Mosul) Sertaht 1233 of Kermanshah, Meymundiz of Alamut (Ismailis fortress). 1245 and Qazvin 1256 in the Elburz Mountains. Baghdad (advisor of the Mongol conquerors) 1256, Meraga (observatory manager) 1259, Kazimeyn/Kazimiyye 1274 of Baghdad (remained in today): Universal genius, physician, legal scholar (faqih), mathematician and philosopher (faylesuf), Moral Doctrine (Ilmül Ahlak)
  15. Ulugh Beg is the grandson of Timur in Sultaniye 1394 in Zanjan, Samarkand 1409-1449. The highly educated monarch ordered the establishment of a university in 1420 and an observatory in 1425.
  16. Yusuf Has Hacib Balasagun and Kashgar 11th century. Poet and educator (ethics and medicine in the tradition of Ibn Sina), owner of the oldest work of Turkish-Islamic literature. (Celebrating Knowledge, Kutadgu Bilig)
  17. Ziya Gokalp Diyarbakir 1876. Istanbul and Thessaloniki. Istanbul 1913-18. Istanbul 1924. Writer and sociologist. One of the leading thinkers of modern Turkey.

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