The Time Traveler – In Search of the Turks/Tonyukuk Inscriptions
In the second part of his Discovery – Special edition, “Time Traveller” brings to the screen the archaeological excavations around the Tonyukuk Inscriptions in Mongolia. Is Tonyukuk’s tomb the beginning of the shrine tradition in the Turks? The monumental granite stones, on which the word “Turk” was written for the first time, are still standing in the Mongolian steppe with many unknowns. Important scientific discoveries are being made during the excavations carried out by the Turkish Cooperation and Coordination Agency TIKA, around these inscribed stones and the Tonyukuk tomb complex, where the Göktürks wrote their history in the 8th century AD. The documentary prepared and presented by Ahmet Yeşiltepe also includes information about these discoveries and the museum to be built in the region.
Time Traveler – Legacy of Ancient Turks; Yenisei Monuments
The “Time Traveller” crosses the God Mountains… On the side of the Koksaal Mountains on the China-Kyrgyzstan border, he reaches Çolpan Ata, known as Göbeklitepe of the Ancient Turks, on the shore of Issyk-K Lake. He is making an extraordinary journey of discovery in the region, which has been used as a worship area for thousands of years. The ancient ruins were discovered and taken under protection during the Soviet period. The rock paintings, which the researchers describe as the “Turks’ Subconscious”, are the most important haunt of the Time Traveler in this episode. Also in the chapter, a nomadic Kazakh tribe in the Koksaal Mountains and the Muslim Chinese living around Lake Issyk Kul; The stories of Dungans and Kipchak Turkish tribes are on the screen.
The Time Traveler – In Search of the Turks/Orkhon Inscriptions
One of the most interesting capitals of the world, Ulan Bator… We see Bilge Kagan’s golden crown in the “Turkish Period Artifacts” section of the National History Museum here. The museum with a rich collection of artifacts and objects from this period is the “Inscriptions Museum” in the Orhun Valley. The Orkhon Inscriptions are examined in the most interesting details. The little-known story of the giant rock inscriptions carved for Bilge Kağan and Kültigin comes to the screen. Ahmet Yeşiltepe and his team then return to Ulan Bator and continue their journey in time in the Terelj region where the Tonyukuk Inscriptions are located.
Time Traveler – In the Footsteps of the Turks/The First Temple of the Göktürks
In this part of the documentary, a temple area in Mongolia is the subject. The temple area discovered in the Şivet Ulan region is dated to the Göktürk period. “Time Traveler” evaluates the archaeological researches in this region with experts, seeking answers to the question of who belongs to the tomb complex around the temple. Kutluk Kagan, known as the founder of the second Gokturk state and therefore with his title “Ilteriş”, meaning “reuniting the province and the homeland”, died at the end of the 7th century.
Archaeological excavations continue under the leadership of the International Turkic Academy, headquartered in Nursultan, the capital of Kazakhstan, in Şivet Ulan, and it is estimated that the existing remains belong to the tomb complex of Kutluk Kagan.
In this part of “Time Traveller”, the unique stones found in Şivet Ulan are also discussed. Like this, The answer to the question of whether there were other inscriptions before the “Orkhon Inscriptions”, the first written sources of Turkish history, is sought. In this episode, new archaeological excavations and surface surveys in the Orhun Valley are also displayed. “Time Traveler – Discoveries” prepared and presented by Ahmet Yeşiltepe witnesses a brand new discovery with this episode.
Time Traveller – In the Footsteps of the Turks/Silk Road and the Ancient Turks
In this part of the documentary, one goes to the “Western Market”, which is the starting point of the Silk Road in the city of Xi’an (Xian), one of the ancient settlements of China. In addition, the events of the month of Ramadan are being screened in Xi’an Great Mosque, the oldest mosque in Asia. In this episode, Göktürk works in the Xi’an Archaeological Museum will be broadcast on a Turkish television for the first time. In this context, the little-known relations of the Göktürks with the Tangs, one of the most famous dynasties of China, are discussed.
Especially the background of the “Kürşad Epic” is brought to the screen by historians with interesting stories. The biggest building after the Great Wall of China… The energetic, colorful Muslim quarter of the ancient city of Xi’an is one of the other topics. The documentary also includes the West Lake, which is a source of inspiration for traditional Chinese poetry and painting, the city of Hangzhou, famous for its natural beauties,
Time Traveller – In the Footsteps of the Turks/From the Great Wall of China to Xi’an, the capital of the Han Chinese
Prepared and presented by Ahmet Yeşiltepe, Time Traveler – In the Footsteps of Turks Documentary goes to China in this episode in its third season, titled “Discoveries”. The documentary Time Traveler – Discoveries, the third season of which consists of 10 episodes, brings to the screen archeological and historical discoveries that are little known in the Turkish world. In this section, the city of Xi’an, the starting point of the historical Silk Road, is discussed. The pyramidal tomb of the first emperor, the world-famous “Terracota Soldiers” and the oldest mosque in the country are displayed in Xi’an, located in the center of China.
In “Time Traveler – Discoveries”, in which little-known parts of ancient Turkish history are also covered, in addition to the actual shootings made in China, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, Iran and Iraq, there are also artifacts and objects related to Turkish history in the museums of these countries. meets the audience for the first time.
Again, Distances at a Record Distance… “Time Traveller – Discoveries”, which emerged as a result of two years of shooting with approximately 30 thousand kilometers traveled, comes to the screen with unusual images that will arouse excitement and excerpts from newly announced scientific reports this season. “Time Traveler – Discoveries”, of which the Cinematographer Ahmet Uçar and the editing belongs to Cihan Çekiç, tells and conveys the little-known things in the history of the Turkish World, without leaving the axis of scientific and academic studies, in the most accurate, most understandable way.
Time Traveller – Following the Turks/Ergenekon Valley
Archaeologists discovered Ergenekon. For the first time on Turkish television and digital media… News of an extraordinary discovery in the archaeological excavations carried out by the International Turkic Academy and the Turkish Cooperation and Development Agency on the Russian-Chinese border of Kazakhstan.
According to archaeologists and historians, the area where the excavations were made may be the place where the Turkish epic Ergenekon takes place. The artifacts and objects found in the topography and kurgans here support this view.
The Berel Valley of Eastern Kazakhstan is reached after a 9-hour flight in Turkey and a 14-hour journey by land gear vehicles. Here, the “Time Traveler” ascends to the Karakaba Plateau at an altitude of 2,000 meters and witnesses an extraordinary discovery. Ahmet Yeşiltepe describes this valley and its discovery process, which was broadcast for the first time on Turkish television.
Time Traveller – Following the Turks/Ötüken in Mongolia
The first homeland of the Turks; Ötüken in Mongolia Turkish communities who wrote their own history since the 6th century AD erected one of the first and most magnificent monuments of this in the Orkhon Valley in present-day Mongolia. The Orkhon Inscriptions, in which the name “Turk” appears for the first time in a “nomad” – “nomadic” cultural product, was also the starting point of the documentary series “Time Traveler – In the Footsteps of the Turks”.
The producer and presenter of the documentary series, Ahmet Yeşiltepe, will be attending the world’s largest nomad festival “Naadam Festivals” in Ulan Bator, the capital of Mongolia, at the first stop of his extraordinary trip for 4 years. Watching wrestling, archery and horse races here, the Time Traveler team also visits the world’s tallest metal statue, the “Genghis Khan Monument”.
Time Traveler – In Search of the Turks/Göbekli Hill of the Ancient Turks; Colpan Ata
The “Time Traveller” crosses the God Mountains… On the side of the Koksaal Mountains on the China-Kyrgyzstan border, he reaches Çolpan Ata, known as Göbeklitepe of the Ancient Turks, on the shore of Issyk-K Lake. He is making an extraordinary journey of discovery in the region, which has been used as a worship area for thousands of years. The ancient ruins were discovered and taken under protection during the Soviet period.
The rock paintings, which the researchers describe as the “Turks’ Subconscious”, are the most important haunt of the Time Traveler in this episode. Also in the chapter, a nomadic Kazakh tribe in the Koksaal Mountains and the Muslim Chinese living around Lake Issyk Kul; The stories of Dungans and Kipchak Turkish tribes are on the screen.
Time Traveler – In Search of Turks/Jewish Turks; Karaims
They are on the verge of extinction… They speak Turkish, they pray in Turkish. They seek their religious identity in Judaism and their national identity in their Turkish roots. They consider themselves descendants of the Khazars, the greatest power of the Middle Ages. But the direction they follow on the path of faith is very different from those of other Turkish origin. What are the historical and cultural ties of these people, who belong to the Karaite sect of Judaism, with the Turks? Do they have relations with Ashkenazi communities in Eastern Europe? Could they be the unknown 13th tribe of the Jews?
Time Traveler – In the Footsteps of the Turks/Forgotten arm of the Turks in the West; Gagauz
“Time Traveler” makes its last trip to Bessarabia, the precious land of the Ottoman Empire for the 2nd season. He meets our Orthodox Christian brothers, about whom we know little. In the current documentary prepared and presented by Ahmet Yeşiltepe, the history and present of the Gagauz people living in the Gagauz Autonomous Republic of Moldova comes to the screen.
How did the Gökoğuzs, the westernmost branch of the Oghuzs, become Christians? Gagauz are the branch of the Oghuzs, which is known as the core community of the Turks of Turkey, who adopted Christianity in the Kipchak geography. “Time Traveler” enters the life of Gagauz people from weddings to funerals, from the table to the field, discovering the cultural richness of this community, which resembles Anatolian Yoruks in terms of appearance, face, dialect and dialect.
Time Traveler – In the Footsteps of the Turks/Turks in the Crimean Peninsula
This part of the documentary series begins with Haytarma, namely the exile ordeal of the Crimean Tatars. Our brothers lost with the Küçük Kaynarca Agreement… Crimean Tatars… Images from Feodosya, Kefe city. Ivan Ayvazovski’s exquisite Istanbul paintings. Yalta and the Crimean coast. Livadiye Palace. Swallow’s Nest. The longest trolleybus line in the world. Gorgeous Crimean coast. West coast of Crimea. Kezlev, Observatory. The Han Mosque is the northernmost work of Mimar Sinan. Folk poet Aşık Ömer. Historical Mevlevi Lodge. St. Baba Lodge. Traces of the First and Second World Wars in Crimea.
And a great Turk; Ismail Bey Gaspirali. His museum house in Bahçesaray. Tercüman newspaper published by Gaspıralı in the museum. And Tatar Exile. Don’t worry. Painful, heartbreaking stories. Undoubtedly, they have a special position among Turkish communities. Ottoman cavalry, diplomat, comrade, Crimean Tatars, one of the founding powers of the Republic of Turkey… The “Time Traveler” is going to Bahçesaray, the capital of the Crimean Tatars. It brings their sad stories of exile back to the screen. In this section, detailed information about the Crimean Tatars is given.
Time Traveler – In Search of Turks/Crimean Tatars
Crimean Tatars… They have a special position among Turkish communities. Ottoman cavalry, diplomat, comrade, one of the founding powers of the Republic of Turkey, the Crimean Tatars… The “Time Traveler” is going to Behçesaray, the capital of the Crimean Tatars. It brings their sad stories of immigration and exile to the screen. He closely follows the process organized after Russia’s invasion and annexation of Crimea. The train journey, which starts in Odessa, Ukraine, ends in Simferepol. It follows the traces of a forgotten history in the Tatar name “Akmescit”.
The Khazar Empire, the Great Bulgarian State and the remnants of the Golden Horde are telling about the Khanates one by one. It tells the little-known story of Tatar noble peoples who migrated and settled in the Crimean peninsula. Later, he reaches the memory of Sultan Baybars… He finds traces of Seljuk history in Suğdak Castle. It deals with the relations of this ancient people of Kipchak geography with the Ottoman Empire. He enters the Khan’s Palace in Bakhchisaray.
From the Fountain of Pushkin’s Tears to the Summer Gazebo, from the Falcon Tower to the tombstones, it brings the smallest detail to the screen without missing. It tells the extraordinary story of the Crimean Khan Haji Giray. He listens and narrates the stories of Zincirli Madras that transcends the ages. He takes a closer look at the exile of the Crimean Tatars and explains the suffering and separation with examples.
Time Traveler – In the Footsteps of Turks/Chuvash and the forgotten plural suffix of Turkish…
The “Time Traveler” visiting the National History Museum reveals the forgotten bond between the Chuvash and the Anatolian Turks. Epics, songs, sayings are the cultural treasures carefully preserved by this people who speak a Ural-Altaic language. The stories of Historian Prof.Yegorov Nikolai Ivanovich are full of valuable historical and scientific notes that require Turkey to look more carefully at the Chuvash people. The “Time Traveler”, who goes to a Chuvash church and talks to the priest who conducts the service there, also has an unusual discovery.
This discovery is that one of the first cosmonauts in space was the Chuvash. Visiting the house of the proud Chuvash Andriyan Nikolayev, which is now a museum, the “Time Traveler” meets with the extraordinary memory of Nikolayev, as the Chuvashs there say, “the first Turk in space”. idioms are the cultural treasure carefully preserved by this people who speak a Ural-Altaic language.
Time Traveler – In Search of Turks/Misher Tatars, Chuvashs and a historical city; Simbirsk…
A tribe among the Idil-Ural Tatars; Mishar Tatars… Their lives in the Kipchak plains of this tribe belonging to the Islamic religion, their village life… “Time Traveler” is once again on an extraordinary journey. This time the route; Following the banks of the Idil Simbirsk, today’s name Ulyanovsk. On the way from Kazan to Ulyanovsk, where Lenin was born, the “Time Traveler” stops by a village belonging to the Mishar Tatars.
Aleksandr Kerensky, one of the leaders of the February Revolution that put an end to the monarchy in Russia, the architect Vladimir Ilyich Lenin of the October Revolution, and Yusuf Akçura, one of the first theorists of Turkism, are some of the names born in Ulyanovsk… Here we go on a different time journey between the Turkish-origin communities Misher Tatars, Chuvashs and Mongolian-origin Kalmuks. . In the previous part, he first battles the troubled neighborhood of the Tatars with the Russians for nearly 1000 years, He met the heroes of forgotten stories in the Kazan Kremlin.
The most important of these was Süyümbike Hatun, known as the last Kazan Khan. The “Time Traveler”, which tours the Kazan Kremlin, that is, the “Kaleiçi” region and introduces the artifacts and objects in the museums here, brought a little-known real history to the screen. Abdullah Tukay, one of the greatest poets of the Turkish language, who instilled in a people the consciousness of being a nation, was one of the most important topics of this section.
Tukay, the national poet and national hero of the Tatars, died when he was only 27 years old. Despite his short life, Tukay’s little-known story in Turkey, who raised the Tatars against Russia and led the struggle for freedom and rights, was also screened in “Time Traveler”. He met the heroes of forgotten stories in the Kazan Kremlin.
Time Traveler – In the Footsteps of the Turks/The legacy of the Golden Horde; The Tatars, the warrior people of the Kipchak plains
The history of Kazan, the capital of Tatars, is the most important topic of this section. “Time Traveler”, which tells about the troubled neighbors of Tatars with Russians for nearly 1000 years, first through wars and then “the ideal of living together”, meets the heroes of forgotten stories in the Kazan Kremlin. The most important of these is Süyümbike Hatun, which is known as the last Kazan Inn. “Time Traveler”, which tours the Kazan Kremlin, that is, “Kaleiçi” region and introduces the artifacts and objects in the museums here, brings a little-known real history to the screen.
Abdullah Tukay, one of the greatest poets of the Turkish language, who instilled in a people the consciousness of being a nation, is one of the most important topics of this section. Tukay, the national poet and national hero of the Tatars, died when he was only 27 years old. Despite his short life, he resurrected the Tatars against Russia, The little-known story of Tukay, who led the struggle for freedom and rights, is also in “Time Traveler”. Idil – Ural Tatars or “Kazan Tatars”… “Time Traveler” in this second “Tataristan” part tells about Tatars who have built an enormous cultural basin, established civilizations and states on the arms of the giant river called Volga by Russians.
He goes to Kazan, the capital of present-day Tatarstan. He discovers extraordinary stories in the old quarter of the Tatars, who ruled the Russians for 500 years. He gives examples of the cultural equivalent of the saying “If you dig up a Russian, a Tatar will emerge from it”. He discovers the sad story of Süyümbike Hatun, the adopted mother of Tatars, in the Kazan Kremlin, the most intact fortress building after Moscow. He shares the striking details of the Russian fortification on Sviyazshk Island to capture Kazan.
Later on, When the Golden Horde eventually turned into a Turkish-Mongolian empire, they were the ones who had a say in its administration. The 6 Tatar-Kipchak Khanates that emerged when this empire was destroyed by Tamerlane contributed greatly to the ethnic and cultural diversity of today’s Russia. In this part of “Time Traveler”, there are interviews with the leaders of Tatars who have a national consciousness.
Time Traveler – In the Footsteps of the Turks/A people who ruled the Russians for 500 years; Kazan Tatars
Idil – Ural Tatars or “Kazan Tatars”… “Time Traveler” tells about Tatars who built a huge cultural basin, civilizations and states on the arms of the giant river that the Russians call the Volga. He goes to Kazan, the capital of present-day Tatarstan. He discovers extraordinary stories in the old quarter of the Tatars, who ruled the Russians for 500 years. He gives examples of the cultural equivalent of the saying “If you dig up a Russian, a Tatar will emerge from it”.
He discovers the sad story of Süyümbike Hatun, the spiritual mother of the Tatars, in the Kazan Kremlin, the most surviving fortress building after Moscow. He shares the striking details of the Russian fortification on Sviyazshk Island to seize Kazan. Later, he tells the story of the Golden Horde Empire, considered the ancestor of the Kazan Tatars and the Turkish and Tatar civilizations that emerged in the Kipchak steppes.
The Golden Horde, which emerged with the Turkish-Mongolian fusion, changed the fate of the Kipchak geography. “Time Traveller” makes a comprehensive trip about the customs, language and beliefs of the Tatars. In this section, the establishment process of the Golden Horde, a forgotten empire despite writing the golden pages of Turkish history, is discussed in archaeological ruins. Among them, Bulgar, the ancient capital of the Tatars, who converted to Islam in AD 922, is the most important.
Despite the invasion of the Mongol army, the “Bulgarian Tatars” or the Great Bulgarian Khanate were the ones who founded the Golden Horde and gave it a state identity. When the Golden Horde eventually turned into a Turkish-Mongolian empire, they were the ones who had a say in its administration. The 6 Tatar-Kipchak Khanates that emerged when this empire was destroyed by Tamerlane contributed greatly to the ethnic and cultural diversity of today’s Russia. In this part of “Time Traveler”, there are interviews with the leaders of Tatars who have a national consciousness.
Time Traveller – In Search of Turks/Following of Scythians… The mysterious story of “The Man in the Golden Dress”
“The Time Traveler” delves into a little-known history in the second season of his long journey through the Turkish geography of Central Asia. In the dark corridors of this deep history, he seeks answers to the questions “Who are the Scythians, can their origins and past be associated with Turkish noble tribes”. Therefore, he goes to Almaty, Kazakhstan. Here, he views the Scythian kurgans surrounding the city and evaluates Scythian history in the company of experts.
He visits the National Archaeological Museum in Almaty. Here, he brings the story of the “Man in the Golden Dress” to the screen, many of which were unearthed during archaeological excavations across Kazakhstan. It then goes to the Tamgali Strait, 160 kilometers from Almaty. It tells the forgotten true stories of an extraordinary history in Tamgalı, one of the richest areas of petroglyph-rock painting on earth.
Time Traveler – our close relatives in East Turkestan; Uighurs
The “Time Traveler” crosses the God Mountains and heads south. It enters the geography known today as China’s Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. This is actually the land that the Turks call “East Turkistan”. The ancient people living here, the blood brothers of the Turks, are the Uyghurs. The Uighurs, who built an enormous civilization in the Tarim Basin and the Taklamakan Desert, are in a way the community that took the first important step among the nomadic tribes and settled down. In the forgotten corridors of deep history, he reaches the little-known stories of the Uyghurs, their magnificent history that is tried to be forgotten.
The Anatolian Turks, inspired by the Uyghurs, placed the verb “civilization” in their language as a synonym for the word “modernization”. “Time Traveler” brings the details of this story to the screen with actual testimonies.The “Time Traveler”, who stops by the Silk Road cities in East Turkestan, tells extraordinary stories from Urumqi, Gulca, Turfan and Kashgar. In particular, he photographs the mummy of the 4,000-year-old “mother” of today’s Uyghurs in Urumqi and explores the mysterious aspects of archaeological discovery. Who was Miss Lolen? You can watch Miss Lolen, who is called the grandmother of the Uyghurs, and her surprising story in this episode.
Time Traveler – In Search of Turks/Northern Iraqi Turks and Turkmeneli
In this part of “Time Traveller – Discoveries” prepared and presented by Ahmet Yeşiltepe; The subject is the Turkmens, a people who have lived in Iraq for 1000 years… A people who named their homeland and built their own civilizations on it… The Iraqi Turkmens… Their 1000 years, where they came from, what they achieved, their history… “Time Traveller” describes Iraqi Turkmen and He tells about Turkmeneli. A real history that is little known, forgotten, or on the verge of being forgotten, comes to life.
Time Traveller – In the Footsteps of Turks/Home of Oghuz Turks Azerbaijan
In this part of “Time Traveler – Discoveries” prepared and presented by Ahmet Yeşiltepe; Odlar Yurdu, that is, the “Land of Fire”, also known as Azerbaijan, historical regions from different periods are brought to the screen. “Gobustan” with more than 6 thousand rock paintings, the 3,000-year-old Zoroastrian temple “Ateshgah”, the “Inner City” in Baku, the “Shirvanshahs Palace” and the “Maiden’s Tower” and the cities of Sheki and Neftalan are discussed in this section. This geography, which has deeply affected Turkish history but has little-known pages, also promises an extraordinary route of discovery for the “Time Traveler”. Ahmet Uçar and Hüseyin Eroğlu are the cinematographers of the documentary, and Cihan Çekiç is the producer.
Time Traveler – In the Footsteps of Turks/Turkey’s Milestone; Battle of Dandanakan
In Merv in Turkmenistan, the lost tomb of Sultan Alp Arslan and the restored eternity residence of Sultan Sancar are presented in detail. The third season of the “Time Traveler” documentary series is presented with the subtitle “Discoveries” within the framework of new cultural and archaeological discoveries in Turkish geography. The cinematographer of the documentary is Ahmet Uçar and Hüseyin Eroğlu, and the producer is Cihan Çekiç.
Time Traveler – In Search of Turks/Golden Horde State
The steppe empire, which changed the course of history, was established in the steppes of today’s Kazakhstan. The Golden Horde State, which rewrote the story of the peoples of Eastern Europe and Russia, was built in the Kipchak steppes called Desht-i Kipchak. In this episode, “Time Traveler” travels to the birthplace of the “Golden Horde”, founded and ruled by Turks and Mongols. It is witnessing extraordinary discoveries in the interior of Kazakhstan, “Ulutau” (Uludağ). Ahmet Uçar is the cinematographer and Cihan Çekiç is the producer of the documentary prepared and presented by Ahmet Yeşiltepe. “Time Traveler – Discoveries” is witnessing a very different discovery with its new episode.
Time Traveller – In the Footsteps of the Turks/Bashkortostan
Starting from the west coast of the Ural Mountains, he makes extraordinary discoveries in the capital city of Ufa, the center of the mufti of the Muslims in Russia. It sails from the oil-rich plains to the deep valleys opened by Belaya. He listens to folk songs played with the traditional instrument of the Bashkirs, Kuray and Mouth Kopuzu, and dances with them.
Time Traveller – In the Footsteps of Turks/From Oghuz to Kipchaks… From Oghuz homeland to Bashkortostan
The Bashkir people, who speak one of the best preserved Kipchak dialects of Turkish from the Ural-Altaic axis, are also one of the first peoples to establish a republic among Turkish communities. “Time Traveler”, who goes to Ahmet Zeki Velidi Togan’s village and visits his museum, also narrates the lesser-known stories of Bashkortostan’s emergence on the historical stage.
BIRTH. We have two separate sources on the birth of Aphrodite, the goddess of love and beauty: One is Hesiod, the other Homer. In Thegonia, Hesiod tells that this goddess was born from the foamy waves of the sea (Greek. Aphros means foam): As Uranos puts her children born from Gaia into the bosom of the earth as soon as they are born, Mother Earth swells and suffers from terrible pains, so she gives a scythe to her last son Kronos. Kronos also cuts off his father’s balls with that scythe and throws them into the sea (Theog. 160-206):
As soon as we throw them into the choppy sea They went right to the engine for a long time. White bubbles were coming out of the divine limb: A girl sprang up from this white foam. First she stopped by the holy Kythera, From there she went to Cyprus, surrounded by the sea. There she landed, the beautiful goddess, Green grass sprouted as he walked From where your delicate feet tread. Gods and men called her Aphrodite, Because it was born from a foam.
According to Homer, Aphrodite was born of Zeus and Dione, daughter of Oceanus. In the Iliad, Aphrodite, who was injured in a collision with the valiant Diomedes, takes Aphrodite, her mother, in her arms, loves and caresses her, and by wiping the sap flowing from her wrist, she heals her wound and relieves her pain (Il. V, 370 et al.). Zeus consoles his troubled daughter as follows:
That’s what he said, people smiled, Father of the gods, he summoned the golden Aphrodite to him,
said:
“War affairs are not your tax, baby, you devote yourself to the heartwarming affairs of marriage, nimble Ares and Athena will deal with the war”.
PERSONALITY. Gold Aphrodite Homer calls this goddess, gold is about to be a measure of value. Poets describe her with other adjectives: This beautiful goddess is always “smiling”, flamboyant, coquettish and heart-warming. Homer sees the secret of this in a magical breast that the goddess carries in her white foam body. Desiring to seduce Zeus, Hera asks for this breastplate one day from Aphrodite, and calls out to her (Il. XIV, 197 ff.):
You have that love, that purchase, that you defeated the immortals, the mortals, Here, give them to me for today.
Aphrodite also gives the breastplate:
… untied her embroidered breastplate from her chest, it was a mottled ribbon, all that was charming was in it, love was in him, desire was in him, don’t flirt, don’t joke in it, The love that seduces the wisest man is in him.
Symbolizing love and making love, this goddess performs this magic not by herself, but through other divine beings surrounding her. Eros is his son according to some legends, but in Theogonia Eros is a universal power born long before Aphrodite, later joining Aphrodite’s regiment (Theog. 201 ff):
When he was born and walked towards the gods Eros and Rimeros (desire) immediately followed him. This has been his godly share from day one Among humans, also among the immortals; She fell on him with their teasing, their laughing, their flirting, The magic of love, the taste of making love.
Symbolizing beauty, grace and fertility, the Kharits, Horas, and Hymenaios, who led the wedding processions, are also the gods around Aphrodite. However, the personality of the goddess of love is portrayed as contradictory and ambiguous in the legend. From the union with the war god Ares (which is also meaningful), Phobos (defeat) and Deimos (fear), and Harmonia are born. Next to Harmonia, which means harmony, harmony, they symbolize the positive and negative sides and contradictions in the personality of fear and defeat Aphrodite. Plato expresses this duality with the most precise definition in his dialogue called “Feast”. Pausanias, one of the attendees of this feast, in which Socrates was also present, says (in Plat. Sc. 180):
“Everyone knows that love (Eros) is inseparable from Aphrodite. If Aphrodite were one, love would also be one, but since there are two Aphrodites, Love must be two. Besides, how can the duality of this god be denied? One, that is, the oldest, Aphrodite, which we call celestial, is not born from the mother’s womb, she is the daughter of the sky. There is another person who came later, the daughter of Zeus and Dione, we call her Aphrodite with the commons. we will say”.
BIRTH. After Zeus established the sovereignty of the Olympian gods, first Metis, the daughter of Oceanus, united with the goddess. Metis means reason, reason, thinking power in Greek. It is meaningful that the god of the gods chose Metis as his first wife, but after impregnating him with his offspring, he took her into his own body with a deeper meaning: the power of reason and world domination, which can only be achieved through his means, cannot be separated from the chief god, and its products can only come out of his head. Hesiod expresses this concept and thought as follows (Theog. 886 et al.):
Zeus, king of the gods, as first wife He chose Metis, the wise goddess. Metis knows the most among all gods and mortals. But this goddess is just about to give birth the brown-eyed Athena, Zeus obeying the counsels of Heaven and Earth deceiving his wife with loving words swallowed it, took it inside his body.
As the second process, the emergence of Athena from Zeus’ head is described as follows (Theog. 924 ff.):
And one day, Zeus brought out of his head the stern-eyed Athena, the goddess who smashed the world together, the goddess who tirelessly led the armies, who enjoyed the battles and the cries of war, and who was considered supreme.
NAME AND ADDITIONAL NAMES. Athena, the daughter of Zeus and one of the twelve Olympian gods, is often referred to by two names, namely Pallas Athena. The origin of the name Athena is unknown, and the origin of Pallas is a matter of debate. There is a Titan named Pallas, whose name is thought to derive from the Greek “pallo”, meaning to shake a spear, to throw; there is also a legend that the goddess Athena killed an Attic giant named Pallas; Is the additional name of Athena related to these giants and swinging the pike? As it is known, according to a legend, the goddess Athena emerged from the head of her father Zeus, armed with a spear in her hand. Or is the additional name Pallas derived from an adjective meaning girl and boy, and when Pallas Athena is mentioned, is the virgin goddess Athena understood? It is difficult to pinpoint this with certainty today. In the Iliad, Zeus calls his beloved daughter “Tritogeneia”. This name, which can mean being born from Triton, is also not clear, the sea god Triton and Athena apparently have no relation. It may be an analogy, but Athena’s only relationship with the sea is when her mother, Metis, is an Oceanus daughter. Is the name Tritogeneia a connotation to this?
Their adjectives are more specific: “aigiokhos” (Aigis) carrying the shield of Aigis, the epithet “glaukopis” with sky-eyed, light-eyed eyes was associated with the goddess’s favorite bird, “glauks”, the owl; Finally, the title of “obrimopatre”, whose father is powerful, is directly because she is the daughter of the chief god Zeus.
QUALITY AND LEGENDS. In the Iliad, Athena appears as a goddess of war, but takes sides, is on the side of the Achaeans, protects Achilles, Diomedes, Odysseus and Menelaos at every opportunity, and does not hesitate to set up dirty schemes against the Trojan warriors. In fact, she plays an ugly role in the Iliad, this goddess of virtue never appears to be on the side of righteousness, her actions are always driven by greed and passions: It is told how Athena wanted to chain her father Zeus with Hera and Poseidon (I, 400), disliked, His attitude towards Aphrodite and Ares, whom he sees as rivals, is ruthless, he helps them to be defeated and injured, then looks down on them, he also rants in front of his father Zeus, does not hesitate to criticize him: In the war between Achilles and Hector, he affects Zeus, who will draw the death lot. XXII, 117 ff.):
What do you say, dark cloudy father, white lightning! A mortal man whose fate is already determined this is the man, do you want to miss him from the dying death? Do it but we gods We do not approve of what you did.
The father of the gods softly responds to his daughter’s harsh outbursts, he laughs and caresses her. And here, Athena, disguised as Deiphobos, deceives Hector and drags him to death.
Athena’s role in Odyssey is different and meaningful: We hear from Zeus himself that Odysseus is “the supreme of mortals, in favor of reason”, that Athena, the goddess of reason and virtue, holds this wise man, and it seems natural to hold him. The role of the ruler played by Zeus in the Iliad, Athena plays in the Odysseia: the fate of Odysseus and his entire family is in his hands, whatever events, actions and speeches happen, all happen by the command and guidance of Athena, to the goddess Odysseus. He puts on a thousand disguises to inspire Telemachus, Penelope, and Nausikaa with what he will do and the behavior he will adopt. The goddess also has a consistent feeling in her behavior towards Odysseus: she takes pity on the man who has suffered a lot, does not want all that wisdom and wisdom to go to waste, on the contrary, she wants the right to prevail. That’s why throughout the epic, Athena’s actions, behaviors and speeches in the role of guide are insatiable, the goddess entered other epics and poems with this lovely role, it can be said that she created and immortalized the Athena type as she created the Odysseus type in Homer’s Odyssey.
The legends of Pallas Athena are not that many, the fact that she is a girl and boy and she is afraid of losing this quality, has led to the birth of some strange tales (Erikhtonios, Aglauros). He retains the Argonauts as well as Odysseus and helps build the Argo ship (Argonauts). She plays a role in the Arachne myth (Arakb-ne) as the goddess who protects handicrafts and handicrafts. The role played by the goddess as the founder and protector of Athens is also interesting; It is said that she won the right to be the goddess of the province of Attica and the city of Athens as follows: Poseidon and Pallas Athena competed to win this authority, and they took the gods of Olympus as judges: Poseidon created a salty lake on the Acropolis of Athens, and Athena an olive tree. The gods found the olive tree more beneficial than the salt lake and gave the authority to Athena, thus Athena obtained the administration of the region and the city.
Other cities also adopted Athena as the protector goddess, the first of these being Troy. The biggest, oldest and most sacred temple of Troy was the temple of Athena, the ruins of which can still be seen today, as well as the wooden statue of the goddess called Palladion, which was considered the symbol of the city’s existence. Because of this, many legends were born about Palladion’s escape (Palladion).
The most valuable captive brought by Achilles from his raiding expeditions to the Aegean region is Briseis. Briseis, whose real name is Hippodameia, is the daughter of Brises, the priest of Apollo in Lyrnessos. Brises and Khryses, the priest of Apollo of Khryse, are brothers. Briseis was a married woman who was captured by Achilles after killing her husband. Briseis also bears her pain, because while she was crying for her destroyed home, her burning city, Achilles’ pure-hearted friend Patroclus comforted her with sweet words and promised Achilles that she would be his wife. He lives quietly in Achilles’ hut, when one day the fight between Achilles and Agamemnon turns his life upside down. When Apollo was willing to return Chryseis to his father to prevent the god’s anger and plague, Agamemnon spoke as follows (II. I, 183 ff):
If Pboibos wanted Apollo, he would take Chryseis. not necessarily, with my ship, with my comrades I will send it. But I’ll take myself from the shed come and your honour, beautiful cheeks his Briseis. then what i am stronger than you understand see. Let him be afraid of competing, let him take a lesson who wants to see me equal self.
Achilles is very angry at these words, he is about to unsheath his sword and walk on Agamemnon when the goddess Athena takes his hand. Achilles, after cursing the king of kings, takes an oath not to join the war no matter what happens, and retreats to his tent. Meanwhile, Agamemnon puts Chryseis on a ship and sends him to his father, and sacrifices a hundred cattle to calm the anger of the god Apollo. But not only that, he sends his two messengers to Achilles’ tent and takes the woman away.
Upon Achilles’ wish, his mother Thetis goes and begs Zeus not to give victory to the Achaeans unless Achilles joins the battle. Zeus keeps his word, so much so that even Agamemnon regrets what he has done and sends emissaries to make peace with Achilles. He makes him say that he will give Briseis back with many gifts, that he has never touched that woman anyway. Achilles still does not soften (Il. IX, 336 ff.).
On the day Patroclus died, Briseis returned to Achilles. We see two lovers crying over the dead. Then Briseis doesn’t have much to say in the Iliad. Only in the last chapter, when Achilles complies with his human feelings and gives Hector’s body to his father Priam, when he lays on his bed at night, his wife Briseis, for whom he suffered a lot, comes and sleeps next to him.
In the stories after Homer, Briseis is described as a tall, dark woman with thick eyebrows and bright eyes. After Achilles died, Briseis gave him the last duties.
Penelope, daughter of Ikarios, whose name is called Penelopeia in Homeric epics, and wife of Odysseus, is one of the most famous figures of Greek mythos. During the twenty or thirty years she was separated from her husband, her resistance to avoid reaching another husband and her loyalty to Odysseus made her a symbol of loyalty and love in marriage. The cloth, which he weaved during the day and ripped at night for years, was as legendary as his name.
While Odysseus was going to suit Tyndareos’ daughter Helene, he gave up on her and married his relative Penelope (Odysseus). This happy couple has a child named Telemachus, but when Telemachus was a baby in swaddling, his father had to go to the Trojan War. That’s when Penelopeia’s ordeal begins. We hear this from the mouth of her mother-in-law Antikleia (Od. XI, ISI et al.):
Your wife is waiting for you with great patience at home, it consumes itself crying during the day spend a night so that the enemy does not press..
When the Odyssey epic begins, we see that the Import palace is full of suitors for Penelope, the notables of the island and neighboring countries always want to take the beautiful woman who is left without a husband, or rather, their aim is to seize the kingdom of Odysseus, which is full of possessions and rich with herds. Moreover, because the palace was left unclaimed, Laertes grew old and Telemachus was a child, they could not resist, so the suitors settled in the palace, exploiting and consuming everything Odysseus has. There has been a discussion between them and Telemachus, the suitors want Penelopeia to choose a husband after all these years, for this to happen, to be given back to her father with her dowry, and for her father to choose a husband whom his father will approve, for his daughter. Telemachus protects his mother, he does not want to leave his house. Just as she distracts the suitors, Penelopeia often appears before the suitors, deceiving them with sweet hopes. Penelope explains this matter to Odysseus, who came to the Ithaca palace in the guise of a beggar (Od. XIX, 137 ff.): ‘
God I thought of the code to weave a cloth first, I built a huge bench in my room, I was weaving a rag of cloth, I was talking to the suitors like this once in a while: “Boys, if you’re divine Odysseus died, I will reach one of you helplessly, but please wait one more piece, Let this weaving end, don’t let it go to waste so many threads, I’m weaving a shroud for the valiant Laertes, If the day comes when death knocks him down long, What would the Achaean women say to me then? That’s what I used to say, these words would bleed overflowing hearts. Whereas I, which I weave during the day husband diaper I used to remove it in front of a lamp at night. I tricked them like this for three years, but when the fourth year started first summer, a servant, a disrespectful dog, announces it to them, They came and caught me, they shouted they called.
Penelope is as cunning and deceitful as Odysseus. As a last resort, he thinks of putting the suitors in a competition: He informs Odysseus of his decision to have Odysseus’s big bow brought and reach whoever manages to draw him back and shoot an arrow. Thus she thinks of the remedy that leads to the final scene of the Odyssey, the murder of the suitors.
Odysseus has a hard time introducing himself to Penelope after getting revenge on the suitors. She doesn’t believe that this man is her husband, Odysseus, and tries to test him all the time. So much so that even Telemachus resents his mother’s attitude with the following words (Od. XXIII, 97 ff.):
Mother, bad mother, mother with a heart of stone! Why do you stay away like that? from my father, why doesn’t he sit next to you and talk, don’t you ask questions? Who can stand but you, which woman’s heart from her husband who returned to her father’s land to stay away like this, Returning to the beggar after twenty years from her husband? I’ve been, I know it’s possible stone solid your heart is yours.
However, these words are very pleasing to Odysseus, and he realizes how skeptical and clever his wife is. Their meeting will be just as sweet (Od. XXIII, 209 ff.).
Hekabe is the wife of the Trojan king Priam, the mother of Hector, Paris, Cassandra and many other children. When Priam goes to Achilles’ hut to retrieve Hector’s dead body, he introduces the queen as the mother of nineteen children (Il. XXVI, 492 ff.):
Yet how black is my fortune, I have raised valiant sons in Troy, but I don’t have any of them left. The day he came, the sons of Akha came here I had sons, I had fifty, nineteen from one womb was born, Others were given to me by courtiers.
Hekabe portrays the fertile and unfortunate main type in ancient literature. This character, which appears in the Homeric epics, was exaggerated by the tragedies later on, and after Hekabe lost her children one by one and witnessed their terrible destruction and torture, she became the symbol of the motherly being, who was mad and attacked like a dog. In some legends, it is claimed that he could not bear the pain of his child and turned into a howling female dog day and night. When we first appear in the Iliad, Hekabe is shown as a soft-spoken, generous and religious mother (Il. VI, 253 ff.). Returning to the city from the war, he asks Hector to rest a little, drink wine and cool off, but when his son refuses, he grants his wish: He goes to the temple of Athena to offer an offering. Then, throughout the episodes, Hekabe is not mentioned until he comes over the West gates to watch Hector and Achilles battle. Then, he calls out to let his son, who was outside the walls and stood alone against the enemy, inside (Prov. XXII, 83 ff.):
“Hector, my child, show respect Bring this breast the days when I put it in your mouth to your mind, You forgot all your troubles in my bosom look at being eaten inside our walls boar, come in, dear boy, outside stand in front of you. If this man kills you, hey solid hearted, We will not be able to put your dead on a mattress, What will I cry in front of you, What a generous wife who bore you will weep, my eye his baby, will eat you nimble dogs, far from us, by your ships”.
When Hector did not listen to his parents’ pleas and died in the war with Achilles, a cry broke out in Troy, the king, queen and all the people began to lament and cry, Priam buried his head in dust as a sign of mourning (Prov. XXII, 406 ff.):
… His mother was also pulling out her hair, she threw away her shiny headscarf, beating, looking at her son she was screaming… Began Hekabah among the women in a long web: “Look at your mother, my child, your unfortunate mother, Let me see your pain, you die Let me see, how shall I live from now on, how? You were the light of my heart day and night in this city, The power of women and men of Troy support, he saluted like a god, baby they you, you were their great glory while alive But baby, your death by fate you have it now”.
A few thousand years have passed, but Anatolian women lament their dead mother’s lambs with these words.
Hekabe tries to detain King Priam, who tries to go to the enemy and beg, in the name of reason and common sense, and when he fails, he goes to the way of praying to the gods and offering offerings, he endures and waits. When the corpse of his beloved, valiant son Hector is laid before him, he neither shouts nor barks like a dog, but brings him to life with an Anatolian woman’s solemnity and imagination (Il. XXIV, 575 et al.):
Now you, as if you heard my word, You are sleeping in your house fresh, you are like Apollo’s sweet, arrow to the people he hit.
This is how the poet Homer from Izmir portrays Hekabe, and the Athenian tragic writer Euripides made him the protagonist of his tragedies “Women of Troy” and “Hekabe” and elaborated his drama in depth. In these games, we see Hekabe crawling here and there as a slave after Troy was destroyed. The queen maintains her splendor and virtue, but when she sees that her daughter Polyxene is sacrificed to the spirit of Achilles before her eyes, and that her son Polydoros, who was entrusted to the Thracian king Polymestor, is also viciously killed and thrown into the sea, she commits a terrible act of revenge and kills Polymestor. blind and kill their children. However, Euripides also shows Hekabes as a great person who does not leave the way of reason and truth.
In these tragedies, Hekabe is not alone, she is a great presence reflecting resistance in the community of Trojan women, a symbol of natural maternal power. It is not in vain that the Athenian poet calls him “Phrygian” throughout the tragedy, Hekabe carries and expresses all the qualities of the Phrygian Mother Goddess Cybele.
Hera (or Here), who is described as “cow-eyed”, “white-armed” or “golden throne” in the Homeric epics, is a typical Greek goddess, that is, the symbol of the Greek peninsula’s race, lineage, religion and world views, interests, and a more advanced culture.
She is an unpleasant goddess who defends against the Aegean and Anatolia, so her personality and legends always reflect an atmosphere of quarrel, grudge, resentment and discord. Hera portrays woman with all her flaws: She is nagging, jealous, vicious, stubborn, schemes, but has nothing to do with it, runs water under straw, does what she does in secret, her love and hate are based on no logic, she does not hesitate to abuse her weapons and powers, by analogy, it symbolizes the wealthy and selfish bourgeois woman, whose examples are always and especially in our time. It is Homer who put this stamp on the great Hera, the wife of Zeus, the queen of the gods, but strangely enough, the portrait of Hera drawn by the great Ionian poet has taken hold and appears with the same type in the myths created in Greece. Let’s listen to Hera from the mouth of her husband Zeus (Il. VIII. 407):
Not much, my anger, my hatred for Here, It’s his habit to interfere with everything I do.
After seducing Zeus and putting him to sleep in order to turn the Trojan war to the side of the Achaeans, the god suddenly woke up and scolds his wife (Il. XV, 14 ff.):
But you set up a scheme, it won’t work here, You dismissed the divine Hector, you defeated the army. You bear the fruit of this evil before you collect Let me beat you up and see. Did you forget that I hung you in the air day, I tied an anvil to both feet, I struck an unbreakable gold chain to your hands, hanging, you were in the air, clouds between.
Zeus gave this punishment to Hera because of the evil he had done to Heracles. The god of gods sees in his son Ares the same flaws as his mother. Other gods think more or less like Zeus; Even Hephaestus, trying to protect his mother against his father Zeus, cannot forget what he suffered from Hera.
BIRTH, LIFE STORY. Hera is the daughter of Kronos and Rheia and the sister of Zeus and other Olympian gods. Her father Kronos swallows her as soon as she is born, and then vomits. After Zeus shares world domination, he takes Hera as his wife. According to Hesiod, Zeus was the last of the goddesses to marry Hera.
Hera herself tells in the Iliad that she spent her childhood with the gods Oceanus and Tethys at the ends of the world (Il. XIV. 200 ff.). Her mother Rheia entrusted her to Oceanus and Tethys during the war of the Titans, and they raised Hera, so much so that during the Trojan war, the cow-eyed goddess wanted to go to the west coast to calm down a fight between Oceanos and Tethys.
Zeus and Hera made love even before they were married, but then their wedding was celebrated with a ceremony. The sacred wedding (hieros gamos) between the greatest god couple is a frequent motif in both myths and cults. According to a legend, this wedding took place in the garden of the Western Girls (Hesperides), and Gaia gave the golden apples from that garden to Hera as a wedding gift. While Hera was on the shores of Oceanus, she planted the apples in the garden of the Western Girls with her own hands, and the reunion scene on the Gargaros hill of Mount Ida in the Iliad is such a holy wedding. It is worth summarizing this unique part of the epic (11. XIV, 152-353): Hera sees that her husband Zeus was leading the Trojan war from Mount Ida and the success was with the Trojans. To prevent this, she had to go and make love to him at the top of the mountain, she goes to her room first. adorns herself beautifully, then asks Aphrodite for her magical breastplate that ignites love, and after she puts it on her breast, Sleep seduces the god and with him reaches the climax of Gargaros:
Zeus gathering the clouds saw him, as soon as i see love embraced thoughtful his head, such a love the day they first met had heard, the day they came out in secret from their parents. To bed…
Zeus asks his wife where she is going, and she pretends to be innocent and says that she went to reconcile the couple of sea gods on the shore of Oceanos and first came here to inform her husband and get permission from him. Zeus can’t stand it, he forgets about war and so on and reveals his feelings:
Then you go there, what happens Hera? let’s go to bed, let’s hug in bed, to the fullest, neither a goddess nor a against woman The love that flows into my heart is so upset didn’t make me…
Then he counts, one by one, the mortal and immortal women he has slept with. Hera does not make a sound, but it is obvious that honey is dripping into it. He is quite coy and shy:
Terrible son of Kronos, what kind of word out of your mouth? How do you want us to lie in bed and make love? On top of Mount Ida, in plain sight? What if an ever-present god sees us, If he goes away while we sleep, the other to the gods? I can’t set foot in your house again How do I get out of this bed?
Like Zeus, let us be astonished at Hera’s reluctance to sleep with her own husband like an ordinary woman and fear of gossip. Anyway, Zeus finds a cure for this too:
Gods, don’t be afraid that people will see, I cover us all around us with a mist like gold, not even the sun can see us past it, who sees everything with its sharp light even the sun. He said so, took his wife to his bosom, hugged him. the divine earth released a soft grass. Fresh lotos laid a carpet between them and the earth, a sweet carpet of saffron, hyacinths, they both lay down on the carpet, A beautiful golden cloud enveloped them, Dewdrops flowed brightly from the cloud.
Go to the top of Kazdag today, and you will see huge, flat stones laid out like a tray with herbs sprouting between them, and you think that the gods are making love on these green carpets.
LEGENDS. Hera does not have a direct legend, but she plays a role in the love of Zeus, interferes with them, especially
He does not let go of the children born out of these loves, he watches them with hatred and anger throughout their lives. His first and greatest victim was Heracles, whom Alcmene gave birth to from Zeus. It is Hera who forces the mighty valiant to perform heroic acts one after the other, and plays a role in blinding Teiresias in the legends of Io, Epaphos, Ino and Athamas, Dionysus and Tityos. Not being able to win the first place in the Three Beauties competition is a reason for the endless grudge against Paris and Troy. On the other hand; Jealous of Achilles’ mother Thetis, she keeps her son Achilles for raising her. A legend tells that he made Menelaus immortal.
He participated in the war against the giants. Meanwhile, Porphyrion had a crush on him and grabbed the end of his robe and wanted to pull him to himself, at that time Zeus knocked the giant to the ground with a lightning bolt. Iksion also wanted to unite with Hera, but Zeus deceived her by making a cloud image of Hera.
Hera assisted the Argo sailors in the Argonauts expedition, enabling them to cross dangerous passages.
The peacock is the favorite bird of the goddess Hera, who watches over the births with her daughter Eileithyia. The eye-eye feathers symbolized the facial eyes of Argos, whom the goddess placed as a guard for Io. He loved the pomegranate as a fruit and the lily as a flower.