Cumhuriyetimizin Tarihi Temelleri: Toy ve Toygun
Türklerde meclis olgusunu değerlendirmemiz açısından 16 Türk devletindeki manzaraya bakmamız gerekmektedir.
Cumhuriyet düşüncesi bir aysberg manzarası çizmektedir. Aysbergin deniz yüzeyinin üstünde kalan kısmı Jean Jack Rousseau, Robespierre ve Fransız cumhuriyet düşüncesidir. Denizin derinliklerine dalıp aysbergin diplerine gittiğimiz zaman ise derinlerde Türk devletlerin Hunlar ve GökTürkler’deki meclis uygulamaları ile karşılaşmaktayız. Halihazırda cumhuriyetimizin 100.yılın kutlanmasına seviniyoruz. Ama aysbergin dibine gidersek bu aslında 1500.yıl olabilirdi.
Cumhurbaşkanlığı forsunda da ifadesini bulan 16 tane devletimiz var. İlk devletler arasındaki dört tane Hun devleti ve 1.Göktürk 2.Göktürk devletlerinde boy beylerinin temsil edildiği meclis vardı, toy vardı, toygun vardı.
Milli hakimiyet kavramının diplerindeki milliyet kavramı şu şekildedir. 103 tane Türk yazıtında en çok kullanılan kelime bodun yani boylar, millet ve halk. Prof. Dr. Hatice Şirin’in Eski Türk Yazıtları başlıklı eserindeki kavramların istatistiki değerlendirmesini yaptığımızda en çok kullanılan kelime bodun, boylar yani halk ardından Kağan ardından Devlet kelimesi geliyor. Kut da aslında halka veriliyor vekil ise Kağan.
Şimdi burada soru şu olmalıdır. Cumhuriyet için neden 1500.yılımızı kutlayamadık meclisin yeraldığı Türk Kağanlığından Göktürkler’den sonra hakimiyet artık halkın değil hanedanlarındır. İnanılmaz ama unutulan unutulan bir gerçek şudur Bilge Kağan’ın “biz Çinliler gibi surlu şehirlerde yaşayacağız ve Budist olacağız” önerisini eğer Başbakan Bilge Tonyukuk meclise getirmemiş olsaydı biz bugün asimile olmuş, Çinlileşmiştik ve Budist olarak yaşamaya devam ediyorduk, Türk milletinden söz edemezdik.
Neden biz halkın egemenliğini hanedanlara teslim ettik, neden halk ikinci plana düştü bu konuları derinden araştırmamız lazımdır.
Bildiğimiz Türkistan coğrafyasında toy adı verilen ve boy beylerinin meclis halinde toplandığı yapılardır. Toy zaten toplanmak demektir. Toygun ise meclis başkanı olarak anılmaktadır. Ayrıca yazıtlarda da toy ve toygundan bahsedilmektedir. Kültigin yazıtında bu açıkça ifade edilmiştir.
Kül Tigin’in ölümü üzerine Çin’den getirilen tezyinatçıları, toy temsilcisi İlteber’in getirttiği 732’de dikilen Kül Tigin Yazıtı‘nda anlatılırken toy temsilcilerine verilen Toygun adının artık meclis için de kullanılmış olabileceği olasılığı görülmektedir:
“Bunça bedizçig toygun ilteber kelürti.”
Bunca süslemeciyi Toygun’un İlteberi getirdi.
Cümle, “Bu kadar süslemeciyi millet vekili İlteber getirdi.” şeklinde çevrildiğinde; toygunun sadece vekil anlamında kullanıldığı düşünülebilir.
Eski Türkler kendi meclislerine “toy” adını vermiştir. *
Türklerin yönetim tarihinde başlangıçtaki devirlerde toy (meclis) mevcut olmasına rağmen, ilerleyen dönemlerde hanedan yönetimlerinin başat hale gelmesiyle birlikte, halkın temsil edildiği benzer bir yapılanmaya asla rastlanmamıştır.
Toy düzenleme geleneğinin Türk toplulukları arasında Hunlardan beri süregeldiği düşünülmektedir. **
16.Türk devleti olan Osmanlı İmparatorluğunda ise ilk meclis, imparatorluğun ancak son yüzyılında, 1877 yılında açılmıştı.
İlk parlamento (Meclis-i Umumî) 19 Mart 1877 tarihinde padişahın da katıldığı bir törenle açılmış, 115 üyeden oluşan bu ilk meclis, 28 Haziran 1877 tarihine kadar çalışmalarını sadece 100 gün sürdürmüştür.
Burada sorulması gereken soru, kırılma noktasının ne zaman yaşandığıdır.
Mehmet Seyitdanlıoğlu “Eski Türklerde Devlet Meclisi “Toy” Üzerine Düşünceler” başlıklı inceleme makalesinde sözkonusu kırılma noktasına ilişkin aşağıdaki tespitte bulunmuştur.***
“İslam dünyasına girdikten sonraki “Divân”ların eski Türk Toylarının demokratik niteliklerini kaybetmiş oldukları bilinmektedir. Eski Türk meclisi, üyelerinin temsili niteliği olması, yani kendi kabilelerinin iradeleri temsil etmelerini ve bu yolla Hakan’ın yetkilerini sınırlamalarının, bu meclisin demokratik niteliğini oluşturduğu oysa divan ve meşverette artık bu temsili niteliğin görülmeyip, sultanın egemenliğinin gölgesinde toplandıkları görülmektedir. Gerçekten de tüm araştırmacılar Toyların demokratik niteliği üzerinde
birleşmişlerdir. Bu bakımdan “Toy Meclislerinin” Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’ndaki Divân-ı Hümâyûn ya da Meşveret Meclisleri geleneğinde sınırlı tesirleri olmuştur şeklinde bir değerlendirme yapılabilir”
Yazıtlarda en çok kullanılan kelime olan halk, bodun olarak ifade edilmiştir. Bod boy demektir, bodun ise boylar anlamındadır. Halk boylar halinde yaşamaktadır, izlememiz gereken bilgi bu yapının ne zaman kırıldığıdır, çünkü Türkler takip eden dönemlerde hanedanlar halinde yaşamaya başlamışlar, hanedanlar ise halkı dışlamışlardır.
Tahmin edebiliriz ki 1200 yıla yaklaşan bir dönemde halk yönetimler tarafından Göktürkler dönemindeki kimliğinden uzaklaştırılmış ve kul seviyesine indirilmiştir. Kulluk ilişkisi sadece Allah katındadır. Kulluk ilişkisi dinde söz konusudur, fakat yönetim uygulamasında halkın kul seviyesine indirilmesi kabul edilemez bir olgudur.
19. yüzyılda Meclisi Mebusan’ın açılışına ancak 100 gün boyunca tahammül edilebilmiştir.
Binlerce yılın ardından Türklerin meclisle yeniden tanışmaları 1877 yılında o da sadece 100 gün için söz konusu olmuş meclis sürekli açılıp kapanmış ve saltanat tarzı yapılanma halkın temsil edilmesini sürekli engellemiştir.
İşte cumhuriyet böyle bir bağlam içerisinde Mustafa Kemal Atatürk tarafından topluma sunulmuştur, bu sunum aslında binlerce yıl önceki hatıraların yeniden canlandırılmasıdır. Halkın gerçek gücüne kavuşturulmasıdır. Burada peşinde olmamız gereken bilgi şudur: bu model acaba Türklerin kendi tarihsel yapılarından gelen bir model midir yoksa iddia edildiği gibi Fransa kökenli Cumhuriyet düşüncesi midir.
Bu bilgi son derece önemlidir.
Eski Türk devletlerinden Göktürk Kağanlığı’nda kağanın yanında danışmanlar ve halk meclisleri bulunurdu. Benzer şekilde, Karahanlılar gibi Orta Asya’daki Türk devletlerinde de danışma kurulları veya meclisler olabilirdi.
Bilmemiz gereken tarihi bir gerçek, eğer Türklerde toy tarzında bir meclis olmasa idi bugün Çinli ve Budist olarak yaşantımıza devam edecek olmamızdır. Çünkü Bilge Kağan’ın, “surlu şehirlerde yaşayalım ve Budist olalım” tarzındaki önerisini, Başbakanı olan Bilge Tonyukuk meclise getirmiş ve meclisten bu önerinin aksine bir karar çıkartarak bunu engellemiştir. Şimdi bizim düşünmemiz gereken ise mevcut durumda Başbakanlık makamının kaldırılmış olmasının ve Meclisin ikinci plana itilmesinin Türkler açısından ilerleyen zamanlar içerisinde ne gibi gelişmelere kapı hazırladığıdır.
21. yüzyılda dahi Türkler tarihi gerçeklerle henüz yüzleşememektedirler.
Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin kurucusu Büyük Atatürk’ün, Millet Meclisi’ni, Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi olarak adlandırırken, burada millete büyük vurgusunun yapılmasının ne anlamlar içerdiğini hala anlayabilmiş değiliz.
Cumhuriyet, içi boş sloganlar ve söylemlerle anlaşılamayacaktır. Maalesef gerçeklerle yüzleşmemiz gerekmektedir.
1877 yılında saltanatın sultanı tarafından 100 gün dahi açılmasına tahammül edilemeyen bir meclis gerçeği karşısında, 100. yılında dahi Cumhuriyet gerçek manada ve toplumsal bir heyecan birlikteliği içinde kutlanamamaktadır.
Diğer yandan, 1949 yılında kurulan Çin Halk Cumhuriyeti, cumhuriyet kutlamalarını, her yıl bir hafta boyunca düzenlemektedir. Biz Türkler ise 100. yılda dahi Cumhuriyet kutlamaları konusunda kısıtlamalar ve kafa karışıklıkları ile karşı karşıyayız, hele ki bir hafta boyunca Cumhuriyet kutlamak hiç akla bile getirilmemektedir.
Türkler, halkı yeniden baştacı etmek için binlerce yıl boyunca bir dâhinin gelişini sabırla beklediler demek. Dahi Başkumandanın, bağımsızlık savaşını birlikte yürüttüğü, diğer dört kumandan ( Refet Bele, Ali Fuat Cebesoy, Kazım Karabekir, Rauf Orbay) ise cumhuriyet düşüncesi konusunda kendisini yalnız bırakmışlar ve saltanatçı kimliklerini apaçık ortaya çıkarmışlardı.
Cumhuriyetimizin 100. yılını kutlarken sormamız gereken can yakıcı soru aslında bu kutlamanın neden 1500.yıl olmadığı acı gerçeğidir. Çünkü birinci Göktürk devleti ile Türkler devlet yönetimlerinde meclislere yer vermeye başlamışlardır. İkinci Göktürk devletinde de aynı uygulama devam etmişti. Fakat sonradan gelen Türk Devletleri’nde halk ikinci plana itilerek hanedan yönetimleri esas alınmıştır.
Cumhur olmadan Cumhuriyet olmayacaktır. 5000 yıllık Türk Türk tarihinin en büyük eseri Türkiye Cumhuriyetini meydana getiren Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisidir. Büyük Meclis, zamanların sonsuzluğunda geçmişten günümüze ve geleceğe Türk ulusunun meydana getirdiği en büyük eserdir.
Tarihimizde hiçbir zaman 90 milyon olmadık. Bu meclis sayesinde, bu Büyük Meclis sayesinde 90 milyon nüfusa ulaştık. Büyük Meclis beyliklerin, sultanların, tacidarların mülkü değil, Türk ulusunun evlatlarının şaheseridir.
İlk yazılı belgeleri olan taş yazıtlarda Türklerin en çok kullandıkları kavram halk (bodun) kavramı idi. Cumhuriyetimizin 100.yılında sormamız gereken asıl soru halka bu denli önem veren bir devlet yönetim geleneğinin terkedilerek, hangi gerekçelerle 2.Göktürk devletinin (Türk Kağanlığı) yıkılışından başlayarak, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin kuruluşuna değin egemenliğin hanedanlara transfer edildiğidir.
Yazımızı kurucumuzun İzmir İktisat Kongresindeki 17 Şubat 1923 tarihli açış konuşmasından bir paragraf ile bitirelim:
“Anayasa da Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun, Osmanlı Devleti’nin öldüğünü idrak ve ifade var olduğunu ilân eden bir kanundur ve bu devletin hayatının da kayıtsız şartsız milletin yetkisinde kalabilmesi için, halkın bizzat kendi alın yazısını idare etmesi esasını şart kılan bir kanundur. “Artık Türkiye halkı için tek temsilci, yasama ve yürütme yetkisini almış olan kendi meclisidir, Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisidir” diyen bir kanundur ve Babıâli Hükûmeti yerine Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi Hükûmetini koyan kanundur.”
Cumhuriyet fikrini Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi ile taçlandıran büyük kurtarıcımıza Mustafa Kemal Atatürk’e minnet ve şükran duygularımız ile.
Dipnotlar
*İbrahim Kafesoğlu (1987), Türk Bozkır Kültürü, Türk Kültürünü Araştırma Enstitüsü, s. 50.s
** Birinci Milli Türkoloji Kongresi: İstanbul, 6-9 Şubat 1978, I.Ü. Edebiyat Fakültesi Türkiyat Enstitüsü ve Kervan Yayınları, s. 207.
*** https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/782085 Formun Üstü
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$23.73 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)The Essential Travel Guide to Turkiye: Iconic Sights, Authentic Food and Smart Travel Tips From A Local (Istanbul, Cappadocia, Antalya and Beyond)
$17.99 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul: Memories and the City (Vintage International)
$13.28 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)DK Turkey: Must-See Sights. Culture & History. Detailed Maps & Tours. Covers Istanbul, Cappadocia, Antalya, Bod (Travel Guide)
$20.33 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul For First Timers: A Local's Travel Guide To Turkiye's Hidden Gems and Culture
$17.80 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul, City map 1:10.000, City Pocket map + The Big Five
$17.43 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)A Guide to Biblical Sites in Greece and Turkey
$8.95 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia
$11.49 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Okumak
Bilgi su gibi akışkandır ve okuyarak okuduklarının paylaşılması ile büyümektedir. Okumak da su gibi besleyicidir, çocukların beslenmelerinin en önemli unsurudur okumak, aldıkları gıdalar kadar hatta daha bile fazla değerlidir.
Bilgi edinme yolları dört adettir:
Dinlemek, Konuşmak, Okumak, Yazmak.
Türkçe ilk yazılı kitabın adı Kutadgu Bilig’tir. Kutlandıran bilgi anlamına gelmektedir. Kutlu olsun!
Çocuklar için en önemli özellik kültür sahibi olmaktır. Kültür yabancı kökenli bir kelimedir tarımda ekin ekmek anlamına gelmektedir. Okumak ise büyük bir ekim faaliyetidir, özellikle çocuklar açısından ilerleyen zamanlarda çok verimli kültür ürünlerine dönüşecektir bu okuma etkinlikleri.
Meraklı Çocuklar için:
Küçük Bey’in
Payitahttayım
Fâtih’te
Mutemet Sokak
Evlâd-ı Fâtihan
Büyük Atalar
Küçük çocuk
Kütüklerde Levent
Yüreklerde Levkoşe
Anasının Kuzusu
Ataların Kızıl Elma’sı
Ellerde balonlar
Küçük beyinde
Büyük düşler
Mutemet’in
Dik sokağında
Lapa lapa karlar
Hayallerde
Çocukları sevindiren
Büyükler
Hediye ambalajında
Haki yeşili kızaklar
Sokakta yollar
Arnavut Kaldırımlar
Yürünecek
Aşınacak
Yollarda yıllar
Yaşanacak
Gözlerde
Hülyalar, Hayaller
29 Eylül 2019
Crescent & Star: Turkey Between Two Worlds
$11.11 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul: The Imperial City
$12.99 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)The Turkish Cookbook
$36.46 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Easy Turkish Phrase Book for Travel: 1500+ Essential Phrases for Vacation, Restaurants, Hotels & Everyday Conversations in Turkey: The Ultimate Guide ... Local Slang & Essential Survival Phrases
$10.99 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Turkey Travel Guide 2026: Complete Companion for Istanbul, Cappadocia, Ephesus, and Antalya with Cultural Etiquette, Archaeological Sites, Budget Strategies, Transportation Options, and Turkish Exper
$7.99 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)The Mini Rough Guide to Istanbul and the Aegean Coast: Travel Guide with eBook
$6.47 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)MY TRIP TO… ISTANBUL – Coloring Book for Kids Ages 3–5.: A Travel Activity Book for Preschoolers That Encourages Creativity and Learning
$6.47 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)DK Top 10 Istanbul: Top 10 lists for your perfect trip, plus an all-weather folded map (Pocket Travel Guide)
$7.31 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)The Essential Travel Guide to Turkiye: Iconic Sights, Authentic Food and Smart Travel Tips From A Local (Istanbul, Cappadocia, Antalya and Beyond)
$17.99 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Insight Guides Turkiye: Travel Guide with eBook: 2026-2027 | Culture & Society | Must-See Sights | Stunning Photos | Expert Advice | Covers: Istanbul, Cappadocia, Ephesus and more
$20.06 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul For First Timers: A Local's Travel Guide To Turkiye's Hidden Gems and Culture
$17.80 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Türkiye (Turkey) Map (National Geographic Adventure Map, 3018)
$7.22 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Black Sea: Dispatches and Recipes – Through Darkness and Light
$16.74 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Rick Steves Mediterranean Cruise Ports (Rick Steves Travel Guide)
$19.08 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul: Memories and the City (Vintage International)
$13.28 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Great Escapes Mediterranean. The Hotel Book
$56.99 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)DK Turkey: Must-See Sights. Culture & History. Detailed Maps & Tours. Covers Istanbul, Cappadocia, Antalya, Bod (Travel Guide)
$20.33 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Lonely Planet Turkiye: Plan the Trip of a Lifetime | Detailed Itineraries & Maps | Insider Tips | Covers Istanbul, Troy, Izmir and more (Travel Guide)
$14.00 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Lonely Planet Pocket Istanbul: Discover Twice the City in Half the Time | Top Sights | Maps & Walking Tours | Covers Sultanahmet & Sirkeci, Bazaar ... & Western Districts and more (Pocket Guide)
$12.48 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)High Albania
$0.99 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Küçük Asya ve Büyük Asya
Çin Seddi’nden Rumeli’ne
Kurban olayım; Asil Ceddime
Akdeniz’den Pasifik’e!
Bir kıvılcım yeter; Azîz Milletime
Nisan 1997, Hong Kong
Batılılar, Türkler söz konusu olduğunda, siz küçük Asyalısınız, Anadolu’nun eski halklarının devamısınız, Türk değilsiniz fesat tespitini yaparlar, bunu yaparken de pek mutlu olurlar. Bizler ise işin aslını, doğrusunu söyleyelim.
Türkler öncelikle OrtaAsyalı değillerdir. Ortaasya bir İngiliz tabiridir. Türkler, büyük Asyalı, Türkistanlıdırlar. Büyük İskender gibi Yunanistan’dan sefer edip sonra Hindistan’dan geri dönerek, kısa sürede İmparatorluğu’nu batıran fatih değildirler.
Türkler, büyük Asya yollarından küçük Asya’ ya (Anadolu) fetih maksatlı değil yaşam alanı bulabilmek için gelmişlerdir. Buldukları noktada da sabit kalarak ikamet etmişlerdir. Büyük Asya’ya da geri dönecekleri yoktur, ataları zaten orada yaşamaktadırlar. Ama oradaki ilişkilerini Türk Devletler Teşkilatında olduğu gibi yeniden canlandıracaklar ve Avrasya’yı birleştireceklerdir.
Ayrıca küçük Asya coğrafi bir tabir iken, büyük Asya siyasi bir tabirdir. Büyük Oyun ile Asya’yı parçalamaya çalışan batılıların hesapları tutmamış, 21.yüzyıl ile birlikte kuvveden fiile çıkan Büyük Asya Binyılı gerçeği karşılarına çıkmıştır. Önümüzdeki dönem yüzleşme ve hesaplaşma yıllarına tanıklık edecektir.
Levent Ağaoğlu
26 Ağustos 2023
Sadi Konuk Araştırma Hastanesi, Bakırköy
Istanbul, City map 1:10.000, City Pocket map + The Big Five
$17.43 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul Travel Guide 2026: The Complete Guide to Planning, Exploring, and Experiencing Istanbul, Turkey – Including Where to Stay, Top Attractions, Local ... Asia: City-by-City Travel Guides Book 3)
$9.99 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)The Essential Travel Guide to Turkiye: Iconic Sights, Authentic Food and Smart Travel Tips From A Local (Istanbul, Cappadocia, Antalya and Beyond)
$17.99 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia
$11.49 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)After Happy Ever After: He thinks it's a normal holiday to Istanbul, she has other plans. (Adam's Adventures Book 4)
$5.99 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul Travel and History Guide 2026–2027: Famous Landmarks, Historic Mosques & Palaces, Local Neighborhoods,Turkish Food and Traditions, Bosphorus Cruises, Things to Do, Day Trips, Simple Itinerar
$6.99 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul Travel Guide 2026: A First-Timer’s Guide to the Streets, Food, History and Hidden Neighbourhoods of the City Where Europe Meets Asia
$7.99 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)DK Istanbul: Must-See Sights. Culture & History. Detailed Maps & Tours. Covers Sultanahmet, Beyoglu, & more (Travel Guide)
$18.15 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Lonely Planet Pocket Istanbul: Discover Twice the City in Half the Time | Top Sights | Maps & Walking Tours | Covers Sultanahmet & Sirkeci, Bazaar ... & Western Districts and more (Pocket Guide)
$12.48 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Rick Steves Mediterranean Cruise Ports (Rick Steves Travel Guide)
$19.08 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Great Escapes Mediterranean. The Hotel Book
$56.99 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)DK Top 10 Istanbul: Top 10 lists for your perfect trip, plus an all-weather folded map (Pocket Travel Guide)
$7.31 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Shadow of the Silk Road: A 7,000-Mile Journey Through Central Asia―Trade, Religions, and Ideas from China to Turkey (P.S.)
$1.85 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Fodor's Essential Turkey (Full-color Travel Guide)
$17.16 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)DK Istanbul: Must-See Sights. Culture & History. Detailed Maps & Tours. Covers Sultanahmet, Beyoglu, & more (Travel Guide)
$18.15 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul, City map 1:10.000, City Pocket map + The Big Five
$17.43 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)God's Battalions: A Study of the Crusades, Christian Warfare, and the Fight for the Holy Land
$6.39 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)The Idiot: A Novel
$8.98 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Lonely Planet Pocket Istanbul: Discover Twice the City in Half the Time | Top Sights | Maps & Walking Tours | Covers Sultanahmet & Sirkeci, Bazaar ... & Western Districts and more (Pocket Guide)
$12.48 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Lonely Planet The Mediterranean: Over 30 Mesmerising Cities & Islands | 15 Weekend Long Road Trip Itineraries | Tips on Where to Eat & What to See | Stunning Photography
$23.73 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Evlad-ı Fatihan bir Kare; Rumeli
Atalar, Dedeler; Rumeli
- Havara taşı (kelle muçuk 60×40)
- Küfeki sıva harcı taşların arasında
- Pencere parmakları dövme demir
- Yorum: Yerleşik düzendeki insanların kullandığı yapı ve malzeme tipi.
- Bulunduğu bölgeye sahip çıkan ve etrafını koruyup kollayan güven ve itimat üzerine insanları bir arada toplayan kişilerin içinde bulunduğu yapı tipi.
- En sağdaki annededem Cemal Funda (papyonlu fesli).
- Solunda büyükdedem Şükrü Funda,
- Kucağında küçük kızı Müzeyyen Hala.(İzmirde Tanıklara gelin gitti)
- Solunda büyükdedemin kardeşi Hamdi Funda.
The Mini Rough Guide to Istanbul and the Aegean Coast: Travel Guide with eBook
$6.47 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul Travel and History Guide 2026–2027: Famous Landmarks, Historic Mosques & Palaces, Local Neighborhoods,Turkish Food and Traditions, Bosphorus Cruises, Things to Do, Day Trips, Simple Itinerar
$6.99 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)DK Turkey: Must-See Sights. Culture & History. Detailed Maps & Tours. Covers Istanbul, Cappadocia, Antalya, Bod (Travel Guide)
$20.33 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)MY TRIP TO… ISTANBUL – Coloring Book for Kids Ages 3–5.: A Travel Activity Book for Preschoolers That Encourages Creativity and Learning
$6.47 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)ISTANBUL TRAVEL GUIDE (TRAVELLING AND HIKING GUIDE BOOKS Book 31)
$3.00 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Crescent & Star: Turkey Between Two Worlds
$11.11 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia (Rick Steves Travel Guide)
$22.99 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)The Rough Guide to Turkey (Travel Guide with eBook) (Rough Guide Main Series)
$15.26 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Lonely Planet Pocket Istanbul: Discover Twice the City in Half the Time | Top Sights | Maps & Walking Tours | Covers Sultanahmet & Sirkeci, Bazaar ... & Western Districts and more (Pocket Guide)
$12.48 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)DK Istanbul: Must-See Sights. Culture & History. Detailed Maps & Tours. Covers Sultanahmet, Beyoglu, & more (Travel Guide)
$18.15 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Lonely Planet Turkiye: Plan the Trip of a Lifetime | Detailed Itineraries & Maps | Insider Tips | Covers Istanbul, Troy, Izmir and more (Travel Guide)
$14.00 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul: City of Majesty at the Crossroads of the World
$7.99 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)The Idiot: A Novel
$8.98 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Osman's Dream: The History of the Ottoman Empire
$8.49 (as of 18/08/2026 01:54 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Rick Steves Mediterranean Cruise Ports (Rick Steves Travel Guide)
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Balıkesir Ermişler Anadolu Lisesi
Balıkesir Büyükşehir Belediyesi Kütüphaneler Müdürlüğü tarafından “Müteferrika Sohbetleri” kapsamında okulumuzda 28 Eylül Perşembe günü Araştırmacı Yazar ve Şair Levent AĞAOĞLU’nu ağırladık.
Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı öğretmenimiz Elif YETİŞİR moderatörlüğünde gerçekleşen etkinliğimize katılarak öğrencilerimizle paylaşımlarda bulunulan AĞAOĞLU’na teşekkürlerimizi sunuyoruz.
ECAL
Gençlerle bu güzel ve verimli buluşma için emeklerinize ve yakın ilginize tekrar teşekkür ederim.
Gençlere zaman ayırmamız, ilgi göstermemiz, yalnız olmadıklarını hissettirmemizi önemsiyorum. Gerçekten ümitlendim.
Lisenizde gençlerle birlikte yakın temas sohbette bulunmak onlarla diyalog içerisinde olmak SORULAR sormak anlatmak dinlemek benim için de son derece keyifli oldu. İlgi ve desteğiniz için tekrar teşekkür ederim.
Levent Ağaoğlu
The Essential Travel Guide to Turkiye: Iconic Sights, Authentic Food and Smart Travel Tips From A Local (Istanbul, Cappadocia, Antalya and Beyond)
$17.99 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Wonders of Istanbul: A Photo Collection of the City’s Most Beautiful Places to See – A Stunning Coffee Table Travel Photobook
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$12.48 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul Travel Guide 2026: A First-Timer’s Guide to the Streets, Food, History and Hidden Neighbourhoods of the City Where Europe Meets Asia
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$20.06 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Lonely Planet Turkiye: Plan the Trip of a Lifetime | Detailed Itineraries & Maps | Insider Tips | Covers Istanbul, Troy, Izmir and more (Travel Guide)
$14.00 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Black Sea: Dispatches and Recipes – Through Darkness and Light
$16.74 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul Travel Guide 2026: The Complete Guide to Planning, Exploring, and Experiencing Istanbul, Turkey – Including Where to Stay, Top Attractions, Local ... Asia: City-by-City Travel Guides Book 3)
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2 0 2 3

1 9 7 6




Magic Bus: On the Hippie Trail from Istanbul to India
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$10.99 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)DK Istanbul: Must-See Sights. Culture & History. Detailed Maps & Tours. Covers Sultanahmet, Beyoglu, & more (Travel Guide)
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Leventis (Λεβέντης) is a Greek word for describing a brave man, derived from the Greek name for the Levant. Because nt is pronounced /nd/ in Greek, the name is sometimes spelled Levendis. The etymology of Leventis is given in the Oxford Dictionary of American Family Names:
From Italian levanti ‘Levantine’, ‘people from the East’, i.e. the eastern Mediterranean, also in Greek the term has connotations of fearlessness and gallantry. It is also a reduced form of surnames with Levento- as a prefix, e.g. Leventogiannis ‘John the gallant’.
— Dictionary of American Family Names, Oxford University Press, ISBN 0-19-508137-4
Alternatively, it may originate from the Turkish word Levend.
Here is a partial list of people named Leventis or Levendis:
- Anastasios George Leventis (1902-1978), Greek-Cypriot businessman and dominant figure in the economy of many West African countries and especially Nigeria. Held the title of Babalaje of Egbaland.
- Andrew G. Leventis (born 1980), American painter and professor
- Phil P. Leventis (born 1945), American politician
- Vassilis Leventis (born 1951), Greek politician
- George Levendis, TV and music industry executive
In Harlan Ellison‘s short story The Man Who Rowed Christopher Columbus Ashore, each of the vignettes that comprise the story are preceded by “LEVENDIS”:
The Nigerian football team Leventis United is named after the A. G. Leventis foundation created by Anastasios G. Leventis.

Leventikos : fearlessly, bravely
Leventikos (Greek: Λεβέντικος, Levéntikos); or Bufčansko (Macedonian: Буфчанско), also known as Litós (Λιτός), Kucano, Nešo or Pusteno, is a dance of western Macedonia, mainly performed by ethnic Macedonians and Greeks in the town of Florina, Greece and in the Resen and Bitola regions in the neighbouring North Macedonia.
Leventoğenia: brave generation
Leventoğena: mother of the brave
Leventoğeros: Old Boy

In “Our Mediterranean”
Levent, Levantino,
Levante, Leventis,
Leventopoulos, Leventakis
lands of the Levant,
Levantines
Kalyonan Levendats
Levend’ler
“Bizim Akdeniz”de
Levent, Levantino,
Levante, Leventis,
Leventopulos, Leventakis
Levant diyarları,
Levanten’ler
Kalyoncu Levendat’ları
Levend is a basic concept that came to life in the Mediterranean coasts; Italy (Levantino), Spain (Levante), Greece (Leventis, Leventopulos), Eastern Mediterranean (Levant countries), in Turkey (Levent, Levantine) dictionary is a word Mediterranean enriched with different meanings.
LEVENDNÂME Poems, on the other hand, are like all the waves originating from the Mediterranean, moving and accelerating, like the Great Wall of China, Hong Kong, India, Egypt, Italy, Greece, Africa, Afrin, Afghanistan, Pacific, Rumelia, Varna, Vidin, Bulgaria, Azerbaijan, Baku, Kaz Mountains, Archipelago, Rome, Troy, Nea Roma, Istanbul, Çanakkale, Ida, Assos, Antandros, Ionia, Anatolya, Agonya, Archipel, Aegean, Lesbos, Bolayır, Asia Minor, Saruhan provinces.
The interaction of the Mediterranean, which has fused civilizations since ancient times, shows a character of Levend and increases the new Mediterranean and the Levels of the new Mediterranean. The interaction between Pacific ports is now a typical Mediterranean attitude. Cultures and Civilizations bring out new Mediterranean seasons in the east of the Levant’s borders, in the oases of Turkistan and on the Pacific rim.
According to the verses of Nazım;
Come gallop from Far Asia
Stretching like a mare’s head to the Mediterranean
This Country; Is ours.
Not only this country, but also the Mediterranean is ours. Its civilizations, cuisine, bazaars, markets, internalized by the power of the Captain-Derya and Levent; Beyoğlu is on its way to new destinations along the Black Sea-Mediterranean, Oğuzhan and Kızılelma avenues in Pera, Algeria Dead End, Tunisian Mahmutpaşa Street, Maltese Fâtih, Eminönü Spice Bazaar, Istanbul Suriçi.
The Turks, who carried the words sea, lake, river, ship, talay, which they added to their language in Asia since the ancestors of Hun, Göktürk, Oğuz, in their abandonment and face the sea again after hundreds of years on the shores of Mediterranean Alanya, this time, a new Mediterranean in the Pacific on the shores of Talay (Ocean) They will be at the forefront of the creation of the company with their entrepreneur and thinker Levent.
LEVENDNÂME Poems take us on a stroll along the shores of our Great Mediterranean Civilization.
LEVENDNÂME While watching the vast geographies that we have not disappeared, we said let’s take a look at the continents, countries and regions when we set off with Poems; We came across a very wealthy list.
Despite the concept of Levantine which refers to the Eastern Mediterranean, the Levend’s concept associated with the Great Mediterranean concept appeared to be in an inclusion that includes the accumulations of around fifty countries and regions in four continents.
DK Turkey: Must-See Sights. Culture & History. Detailed Maps & Tours. Covers Istanbul, Cappadocia, Antalya, Bod (Travel Guide)
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$12.48 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)MY TRIP TO… ISTANBUL – Coloring Book for Kids Ages 3–5.: A Travel Activity Book for Preschoolers That Encourages Creativity and Learning
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$11.11 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Easy Turkish Phrase Book for Travel: 1500+ Essential Phrases for Vacation, Restaurants, Hotels & Everyday Conversations in Turkey: The Ultimate Guide ... Local Slang & Essential Survival Phrases
$10.99 (as of 18/08/2026 02:12 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)The Rough Guide to Turkey (Travel Guide with eBook) (Rough Guide Main Series)
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