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Religious Heritage of Turkey

Turkey has lots of places that have had continuing and diverse religious interest from very earliest times. This is a land of great physical beauty and great natural resources, making it also land greatly desired by many people. From the beginning, it has been a bridge, crossroads, a place of vintage, challenging people to envision new and more complex concepts in political, social, artistic, and religious terms. In spite of both the beauty and harshness of the land, the generations who have lived here have contributed a remarkable degree of understanding of life and toleration for each other’s faith. Because of their records, we can appreciate the power, the symbolism, and the commonality of our ancestors’ responses.

Hoş geldiniz to Turkey; may your visit be pleasant and in peace.

Turkey is a land of great physical beauty and great natural resources, making it also a land greatly valued and desired by many people. From the beginning it has served as a bridge and the crossroads, a theatre, a battle ground, a council chamber and a place of pilgrimage, challenging people to envision new and more complex concepts in political, economic, artistic, and religious terms.

A surprising number of themes and symbols have persisted. The symbol of the earth’s fertility in the figures of the mother Goddess continues in the recognition of human dependence on God’s bounty for food and water. The nagging questions about the reality (and proximity) of an apocalyptic end to life, and the problems of moral standards of conduct are still with us, modified but unresolved. Emblems of the crescent moon, the stars and the cross appear if you’re from the time of the Hittites, now overlaid with Muslim, Jewish and Christian meanings. The history might in a way be compared to a fugue and variations on the search for the divine meaning in the patterns of our lives

Questions with which we began work on this book on this are still with me: What events, what geography­­  – over all, what grace has been a responsible for such a concentration of places and history in Turkey? Is it mere chance that the three great monothestic religions were centered in the Middle East? Did the geographic fertility of northern Mesopotamia influence the intellectual and religious ferment? Does it still? Why have some symbols persisted while others have become meaningless? What have we lost from past civilizations?

I hope that the book may challenge its readers to appreciate the richness of the entire mosaic of culture, imagination, meat, conflict, invention and religious understanding that continues to inform the history of Turkey.

Source: Anna G.Edmonds. Religious Heritage of Turkey

 

Retired Travellers

Germans and British colonies in south west and southern Turkey.

Thanks to moderate climate and weather conditions, geography welcomes retired travellers and even they get citizenship and then they stay in coastal cities in western shores of Turkey like Germans, like British people.

The main reason behind is the hospitality and smiling faces of the ordinary Turkish people and especially the coastal areas in the west and south of Turkey with its relaxing environment climate, the travellers prefer to visit these places with antique civilizations, with antique theaters, with a philosophical background which is the basis of western civilization.

History and geography makes it great mixture for all the travellers and settlers.

 

 

Turkey in Europe&Europe in Turkey by Turgut Ozal, 1991

No.8 Top Tourism Destination: TURKEY

I was shocked when I saw the number of annual visitors to Turkey. How can Turkey be one of the most visited destinations despite being an unknown and unheard country, at least in the USA? Isn’t it weird?

Mert Doruk Bal
Mert Doruk Bal, lives in Istanbul
The actual weird thing is that most Americans have no idea about a country that comes up on their news channels and newspapers so often since the 60s. Oh right, most Americans don’t even follow the news. Thankfully, the world is not limited to the extent of knowledge of an average American. How fast did you forget you were our tributary once?
Once you visit, you will know why Turkey is in top 10!

Turkey borders 7 countries with 7 different alphabets.

Excellent geography trivia! Turkey borders 7 countries with 7 different alphabets.

Tourkia

Tourkia (Greek: Τουρκία) may refer to:

  • Turkey, a country in southeastern Europe and western Asia
  • The name of Turkey in modern Greek
  • The name of the Ottoman Empire in medieval and early modern Greek
  • Tourkia (Khazaria) (“eastern Tourkia”), designation for the early medieval Khazar state in Byzantine sources
  • Tourkia (Hungary) (“western Tourkia”), designation for the medieval Hungarian state in Byzantine sources
Principality of Hungary https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principality_of_Hungary
In contemporary Byzantine sources, written in Greek, the country was known as “Western Tourkia”[26][27] in contrast to eastern or Khazar Tourkia. The Jewish Hasdai ibn Shaprut around 960 called the polity “the land of the Hungrin” (the land of the Hungarians) in a letter to Joseph of the Khazars.[28] Constantine VII’s De Administrando Imperio, written around 950 AD, tries to define precisely the whole land of the Hungarians, or Tourkia.[39] Constantine described the previous inhabitants of Hungary (e.g., the Moravians), described early Hungarian settlements and neighbors, and located Hungarian rivers (Temes, Maros, Körös, Tisza, Tutisz).[39]
Constantine had much more knowledge about the eastern parts of Hungary; therefore, according to one theory, Tourkia did not mean the land of the whole federation, but a tribal settlement, and the source of the description of Hungary could have been Gyula whose tribe populated the five rivers around 950.[39]
According to another hypothesis, mainly based on Constantine’s description, the Hungarians started to really settle western Hungary (Transdanubia) only after 950, because the eastern part of the country was more suitable for a nomadic lifestyle.[39]

Christianization Main article: History of Christianity in Hungary

See also: Metropolitanate of Tourkia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metropolitanate_of_Tourkia
Organization of the state Until 907 (or 904), the Hungarian state was under joint rule (perhaps adopted from the Khazars). The kingship had been divided between the sacral king (some sources report the titles “prince”[50] or “khan”[51]), or Kende, and the military leader, or gyula. It is not known which of the two roles were assigned to Árpád and which to Kurszán.[citation needed] Possibly, after the Kende Kurszán’s death, this division ceased and Árpád became the sole ruler of the principality.
The Byzantine Constantine Porphyrogennetos called Árpád “ho megas Tourkias archon” (the great prince of Tourkia),[52] and all of the 10th-century princes who ruled the country held this title.[5] Peter B. Golden, Nomads and their neighbours in the Russian steppe: Turks, Khazars and Qipchaqs, Ashgate/Variorum, 2003. “Tenth-century Byzantine sources, speaking in cultural more than ethnic terms, acknowledged a wide zone of diffusion by referring to the Khazar lands as ‘Eastern Tourkia’ and Hungary as ‘Western Tourkia.'” Carter Vaughn Findley, The Turks in the World History Archived 5 February 2016 at the Wayback Machine, Oxford University Press, 2005, p. 51, citing Peter B. Golden, ‘Imperial Ideology and the Sources of Political Unity Amongst the Pre-Činggisid Nomads of Western Eurasia,’ Archivum Eurasiae Medii Aevi 2 (1982), 37–76.
Bati Türkiye / Western Turkey ; The Principality of Hungary, also referred as Western Tourkia. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principality_of_Hungary
Doğu Türkiye – Eastern Turkey; Khazar Khanate, also rederred as Eastern Tourkia. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khazars
Dawlat Al Turkiyya ; Mamluks, also known as the State of the Turks. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamluk_Sultanate_(Cairo)

When first time was Turkish state in Anatolia called Turkey?

https://www.quora.com/When-first-time-was-Turkish-state-in-Anatolia-called-Turkey/answer/Sel%C3%A7uk-Arslan-2?ch=99&share=a74c4805&srid=eZmX

Marco Polo called Anatolia Turcomania. That is Land of Turkmen, because Turks descend from Turkmens. Marco Polo gave the name “Turkey” to entire Central Asia instead, because all Turkic groups were called “Turk”, but the subgroups had different names like Uzbek/Kipchak/Karluk/Turkmen/Tatar. Anatolian Turks were known as Turkmen, because almost all the Turkics that migrated to Anatolia were Turkmens from modern day Turkmenistan, Iran, Caucasia and Uzbekistan. So the name “Turkey” exclusively referred to Central Asia until Ottoman Empire. After the Ottoman expansions into Europe and various parts of West Asia and North Africa, Westerners started to call Ottoman Empire Turkey.

3D rendered view of Turkey

Simon Kuestenmacher @simongerman600 · 4d Topographic 3D rendered view of Turkey shows the important role that mountains play in the local geography. 

 

Source: https://buff.ly/2HsAlj9

https://i.redd.it/9od6yhq2seu51.jpg

Turkey: Concepts

TURKEYS concept

You can enlarge the map by clicking on it.

  • Southern Belt: Maghreb. Egypt (Mamluk). Mesopotamia/Mashrik (Levant)
  • Northern Belt: Hungary. Mongolia. Manchuria
  • Middle Generation: Central Turkey. Transoxiana (41st Parallel)

The concept of TURKEY

Dear friend, have a nice day, have a nice sunday.
Today, June 23, is a hot Sunday in Istanbul. The topic we will talk about today is the concept of Turkey. Of course, we will talk about this in comparison with China.

When we look at China, it appears as the world’s superpower and America’s only scourge. Like us, China has had many dynasties and states, but the Chinese never say that we have established so many states, so many dynasties ruled us. They say only one thing, “China”. They constantly place the Chinese brand in the minds of the world. This is how they became a super economic power. They have been implementing a conscious plan in this regard for 50 years since 1978.

When we look back at us, we have established 16 states, Ottomans, Seljuks, Ghaznavids, Karakhanids, Göktürks, Huns, Uyghurs, states, dynasties, this is a mess. Why don’t we come out of this only with the concept of Turkey? What I mean by Turkey is that the Turkish state was founded on three continents. The name of the Ottomans was European Turkey, when you look at the British maps established in Europe, they always write Turkey as the European part, and the Asia Minor “Asia Minor” for the Anatolian part. “Devlet ü Türkiyye” founded by the Mamluks in Africa, and our final state established in Anatolia is the Republic of Turkey, “Turkey”. Now, in the states we have established in Asia, Europe and Africa, there is always an emphasis on Turkey.

What has always been thought for us is that they establish the state and then destroy it. It has been so, these states have destroyed each other. Then, we need to unite the Turkish states, starting from Morocco on the Atlantic Ocean coast to the Pacific coast, under the identity of Turkey, by going beyond the state configurations in the history of the Turkish World, Turkistan style namings and dynastic namings and coming out with a different perspective.

Today, China has a population of 1.5 billion, but Turkey is the leader of the Islamic World, which has 1.5 billion. Turkish communities are in it. Then we will have brought two equal forces face to face. The yield of this; Just as “Made in China” is written on the back of a product, what we need to do is to spread the “Made in Turkey” branding, in these 3 continents, which is actually 4 continents. If we count India as a continent, because there are 5 states, that is also is a subcontinent. Creating a great power by combining the products in these 4 continents under the name of Turkey brand will be to create the perception of one Turkey.

GREAT TURKEY” concept

My dear friend,

I would like to share my thoughts on the concept of “Great Turkey” with you. The concept of “Great Turkey” was used for the first time in our country by one of the politicians, Süleyman Demirel. He also has a book titled “Great Turkey”. He always described Turkey as great.

When we look at today, can we describe Turkey as great, this is a question mark. In the concept of “Great Turkey” that Süleyman Bey meant, he was talking about Turkey with a large industry, he was talking about a Turkey with self-sufficient agriculture. In the pre-1980 period, the word industrialization was a key concept in Turkey’s agenda, and Turkey’s agriculture was self-sufficient. Can we see them today?

Also, in the 1990s, another great one began to be mentioned. But it was Clinton America that described it as great, and Greater China brought up the concept of “Greater China”. Now, by Greater China here, he meant the Chinese residing in that region of China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Macao, and South East Asia in countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines. We see this greatness as real today. China is now “Greater China”, “Greater China”.

After the Bush administration, which took over the United States in the 2000s, America abandoned this concept. This concept was only relevant with Clinton. Now China now buys energy in yuan. Abandoning the US dollar, bringing the silk road to life, then China is great.

When we look back at Turkey now, for Turkey to be great, it must be as inclusive as China. What is meant by inclusiveness, how will “Great Turkey” be filled? In other words, I am talking about being like China, being in an influential position in the world. What I can see here as “Great Turkey” is Asia, India, Iran, Turkistan, where it took place for thousands of years in the countries where history has a legacy, then the Mughal Empire in India, the 3 continents where the Ottoman Empire is the legacy, Greater Asia, Africa, and Europe.

The first state known as Turkey today, the State of Turkey, was established in Egypt.

Great Turkey covers the borders of the Muslim world. It is not only the borders of the National Pact today, it covers the borders of all Muslim countries and countries where we have historical depth. My point of view is like this.

Greetings and love.

Istanbul under the SUN

Istanbul under the SUN. Istanbul under the SUN

A Russian team called Timelab took aerial shots of the sunrise and sunset in Istanbul in September 2020.
They fit the colors of Istanbul in 3 minutes.