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12,000 years of Unique Civilisation in Turkey

Levent Ağaoğlu
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12,000 years of Unique Civilisation in Turkey

© Copyright photo (1975 Didyma) and text by Levent Ağaoğlu

The only rectangular peninsula on the earth’s surface is the Turkish Peninsula. As a result, all roads point to Turkey like a compass from all directions. Those who migrated, fought, and were in trouble always saw the Turkish Peninsula as a place to take shelter. Of course, there are geographical advantages brought by being a peninsula rather than an island. The people of the island are always troubled (as in the islands of Japan and England) and they develop a closed society structure.

However, people in the peninsula of Turkey go and come. In this way, a clear sociological structure that is open to the world has manifested itself in these lands.

Countless people come from the north, south, east and west. Phrygians came from the Balkans from the west, the Hittites, the Hattians from the northern steppes, the Persians from the Iranians from the east, the Ionians, the Greeks, the Jews from the west, the Arabs from the south, and the Turks from all directions came to this peninsula, the Turkish peninsula, settled down and formed the invaluable and diversified human resource.

The peninsula coasts are indented, the genes are curly, genes from all the people of the world are in question here.

While, The People’s Republic of China boasts a 5000-year history of civilization and propagates it in its official documents. Uyghur Turks also express their feelings and thoughts by saying “these Chinese probably forgot their civilization in their kitchen”.

Turkey, on the other hand, is witnessing a 12,000-year-old civilization history with the Göbeklitepe and Karahantepe excavations recently, we live in the territory of a country with an open treasure. However, the Minister of Culture and Tourism mentions 12 hills, and that the propaganda of 12 similar hills around Urfa will be made as “12 hills in Mesopotamia”.

However, what should be emphasized here should be the dimension of time, not space.

What needs to be done is obvious; to promote Turkey in the world markets with a slogan titled “12,000 years of Turkish civilization” and an accompanying logo. If this is not done, why is it not done, we should ask this question as well.

China is proud of its 5000-year-old history, that China is based only on the Chinese, and China is not meaningful outside of its geography today, there is a Chinese presence there only because of the Chinese who migrated to the southeast in ancient times. However, whether in America or western Europe, the Chinese live in separate neighborhoods in the China Town ghettos, they have no interaction with the society they live in. In their investments in Africa, they employ only Chinese workers there.

Turkey, on the other hand, represents humanity, and what we call Turk is already Adam. There have been people coming from all directions to the geography of Turkey from the north, west, east and south, and these people have mingled and mixed with each other in the Turkish Peninsula, and Turkey has become a country of languages ​​and religions.

Christianity, Islam and Judaism found their true meaning, power and strength in these lands, in the geography of Turkey. Previously, Christians practiced their religious beliefs by hiding in underground caves in Cappadocia, this is the years when Christianity was first born, then Jews exiled from Spain in 1492 at the end of the 15th century took refuge in Turkey. Turks exiled from the Balkans in 1912 and Muslims exiled from Syria in the 2011 Syrian war came and took refuge in Turkey.

It is humanity and deep civilisation that Turkey represents.

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Longevity of Civilisations: 12,000 years old Turkey and China

Levent Ağaoğlu
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Longevity of Civilisations: 12,000 years old Turkey and China
Cover Photo, Karahantepe Turkey
New Karahantepe settlement may be older than Göbeklitepe in Turkey

Speaking at the 10th International Resort Tourism Congress on Thursday, Culture and Tourism Minister of Turkey, Mehmet Nuri Ersoy said that an intensive and rapid excavation program continues in Karahantepe. Ersoy said the teams will uncover a settlement that belongs to the Neolithic period, according to the first studies, in their next work.

“Göbeklitepe has a history of 12,000 years. Our new settlement in Karahantepe will be older. The comprehensive works will be sustained in the site under the supervision of professor Necmi Karul, the head of the excavation team, next year. We will probably have a new discovery that will make an overwhelming impression on the world again after Göbeklitepe,” he said.

https://www.dailysabah.com/arts/new-karahantepe-settlement-may-be-older-than-gobeklitepe/news

China Focus: 5,000-year-long Chinese civilization verified
Source: Xinhua| 2018-05-28 22:12:32|Editor: ZX

BEIJING, May 28 (Xinhua) — Chinese civilization has been verified as having existed for at least 5,000 years by a comprehensive investigation into the origin and early development of Chinese civilization, Guan Qiang, deputy director of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage (SACH) said on Monday.

The investigation began in 2001 with fourth stage completed in 2016.

“Years of large-scale excavations in the ruins of Liangzhu in east China’s Zhejiang Province, the Taosi site in north China’s Shanxi Province, the Shimao site in northwest China’s Shaanxi Province, and the Erlitou site in central China’s Henan Province have provided proof,” said Wang Wei, who works on the project.

On the basis of scientific summary of field archaeology achievements scored in China over the past 90 years, the research team carried out multidisciplinary studies ranging over social division of labor, class differentiation, central cities and compulsory power so as to present prominent features that define the dawn of a civilized society in ancient China, said Guan.

http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-05/28/c_137213047.htm

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Turkish Civilization

Levent Ağaoğlu
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Turkish Civilization

by Iskender Pala, Author

Here, I think that the Republic of Turkey and you young people are very lucky for a Turkish civilization, and that you are a generation that will live a very happy life. This is the basis of my opinion. If civilization can be revealed by cultural data, then I count the nations of the world that have the most culture. After the destruction of Baghdad, after the destruction of Damascus, it is you who will represent all the wealth of the East, all that cultural history, that amazing accumulation going back ten thousand years. America, which has a history of 450 years, fascinates us with its collection of cultural materials and the magnificence of its museums. However, the energy he spent for this is now approaching the end. Because today’s young people see the culture they belong to as a part of their identity. Cultural conflict has made people say, “My culture beats your culture,” as well as making nations say, “My culture beats your culture.”

Istanbul or the geography of Anatolia is like a folder… There are files in the folder. You open the cover, the first file, you read a beautiful article, patterns drawn in a beautiful color. You are excited. You say how well he prepared it. You remove it, then you look at the back with the word “Republic”. Then comes the second file. You are reading, it consists of a few pages, colors and patterns are different. You are amazed there too, your eyes are dazzled. Once you look at it, the Ottoman is written on the back. Then another file comes: Seljuk. You lift Urartu, you lift Lydia, you lift Phrygia, you lift others… If a new civilization will emerge in the midst of new cultural conflicts, this civilization will be the Turkish civilization, which has all the accumulation of the East.

İskander PALA

http://www.gelenektengelecege.com/iskender-pala-ile-mulakat-medeniyet-gonlumuze-gore-yasamanin-addir/

© Copyright Cover photo by Levent Ağaoğlu, Istanbul. 1975

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DK Turkey: Must-See Sights. Culture & History. Detailed Maps & Tours. Covers Istanbul, Cappadocia, Antalya, Bod (Travel Guide)
DK Turkey: Must-See Sights. Culture & History. Detailed Maps & Tours. Covers Istanbul, Cappadocia, Antalya, Bod (Travel Guide)
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Topkapi Palace: A Perfect Coffee Table Picture Book - Travel and Tourism lovers Gift
Topkapi Palace: A Perfect Coffee Table Picture Book - Travel and Tourism lovers Gift
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Topkapi Palace: A Stunning Coffee Table Photo Book for Travel and Tourism Enthusiasts
Topkapi Palace: A Stunning Coffee Table Photo Book for Travel and Tourism Enthusiasts
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Istanbul: City of Majesty at the Crossroads of the World
Istanbul: City of Majesty at the Crossroads of the World
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Türkiye (Turkey) Map (National Geographic Adventure Map, 3018)
Türkiye (Turkey) Map (National Geographic Adventure Map, 3018)
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The Idiot: A Novel
The Idiot: A Novel
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The Christian Traveler's Guide to the Holy Land
The Christian Traveler's Guide to the Holy Land
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Istanbul For First Timers: A Local's Travel Guide To Turkiye's Hidden Gems and Culture
Istanbul For First Timers: A Local's Travel Guide To Turkiye's Hidden Gems and Culture
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Strolling Through Istanbul: The Classic Guide to the City
Strolling Through Istanbul: The Classic Guide to the City
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Istanbul: Memories and the City (Vintage International)
Istanbul: Memories and the City (Vintage International)
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A Guide to Biblical Sites in Greece and Turkey
A Guide to Biblical Sites in Greece and Turkey
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Notes on a Foreign Country: An American Abroad in a Post-American World
Notes on a Foreign Country: An American Abroad in a Post-American World
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Lonely Planet Pocket Istanbul: Discover Twice the City in Half the Time | Top Sights | Maps & Walking Tours | Covers Sultanahmet & Sirkeci, Bazaar ... & Western Districts and more (Pocket Guide)
Lonely Planet Pocket Istanbul: Discover Twice the City in Half the Time | Top Sights | Maps & Walking Tours | Covers Sultanahmet & Sirkeci, Bazaar ... & Western Districts and more (Pocket Guide)
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Aphorisms: Civilisation

Levent Ağaoğlu
-
0
Aphorisms: Civilisation

by Professor Dr Ismail Hakki Aydin

Civilization is the bearable of those who cannot stand each other!

Western civilization was founded on plunder.

Civilization, science and technology; develops with knowledge, self-confidence, freedom and critical view.

Civilization progresses by race, not war!

With civilization, order and hierarchy have been replaced by change and freedom.

Civilization is the child of religion-based morality and science and technology nourished by culture and art.

Rough Guides Turkiye: Travel Guide with eBook: 2026-2027 | Insider Tips | Must-See Sights | Maps & Itineraries | Covers: Istanbul, Cappadocia, the Turquoise Coast and more
Rough Guides Turkiye: Travel Guide with eBook: 2026-2027 | Insider Tips | Must-See Sights | Maps & Itineraries | Covers: Istanbul, Cappadocia, the Turquoise Coast and more
$22.56 (as of 13/08/2026 02:10 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
Topkapi Palace: A Coffee Table Book Showcasing Istanbul's Imperial Legacy – Also see Harem, Imperial Gate, Courtyards, Sacred Relics, Bosphorus Views and much more (Travel Coffee Table Books)
Topkapi Palace: A Coffee Table Book Showcasing Istanbul's Imperial Legacy – Also see Harem, Imperial Gate, Courtyards, Sacred Relics, Bosphorus Views and much more (Travel Coffee Table Books)
$14.99 (as of 13/08/2026 02:10 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
Istanbul Travel Guide 2026: The Complete Guide to Planning, Exploring, and Experiencing Istanbul, Turkey – Including Where to Stay, Top Attractions, ... (Discover Asia: City-by-City Travel Guides)
Istanbul Travel Guide 2026: The Complete Guide to Planning, Exploring, and Experiencing Istanbul, Turkey – Including Where to Stay, Top Attractions, ... (Discover Asia: City-by-City Travel Guides)
$14.89 (as of 13/08/2026 02:10 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
ISTANBUL TRAVEL GUIDE: Discover Istanbul’s Must-see Attractions, Hidden Gems, Outdoor Activities. Practical Tips and Local Insights
ISTANBUL TRAVEL GUIDE: Discover Istanbul’s Must-see Attractions, Hidden Gems, Outdoor Activities. Practical Tips and Local Insights
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Insight Guides Turkiye: Travel Guide with eBook: 2026-2027 | Culture & Society | Must-See Sights | Stunning Photos | Expert Advice | Covers: Istanbul, Cappadocia, Ephesus and more
Insight Guides Turkiye: Travel Guide with eBook: 2026-2027 | Culture & Society | Must-See Sights | Stunning Photos | Expert Advice | Covers: Istanbul, Cappadocia, Ephesus and more
$20.06 (as of 13/08/2026 02:10 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia
Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia
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Istanbul, City map 1:10.000, City Pocket map + The Big Five
Istanbul, City map 1:10.000, City Pocket map + The Big Five
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Lonely Planet Turkiye: Plan the Trip of a Lifetime | Detailed Itineraries & Maps | Insider Tips | Covers Istanbul, Troy, Izmir and more (Travel Guide)
Lonely Planet Turkiye: Plan the Trip of a Lifetime | Detailed Itineraries & Maps | Insider Tips | Covers Istanbul, Troy, Izmir and more (Travel Guide)
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Black Sea: Dispatches and Recipes – Through Darkness and Light
Black Sea: Dispatches and Recipes – Through Darkness and Light
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Istanbul: The Imperial City
Istanbul: The Imperial City
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Lonely Planet Turkiye: Plan the Trip of a Lifetime | Detailed Itineraries & Maps | Insider Tips | Covers Istanbul, Troy, Izmir and more (Travel Guide)
Lonely Planet Turkiye: Plan the Trip of a Lifetime | Detailed Itineraries & Maps | Insider Tips | Covers Istanbul, Troy, Izmir and more (Travel Guide)
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The Amazing Mrs. Pollifax (Mrs. Pollifax Series Book 2)
The Amazing Mrs. Pollifax (Mrs. Pollifax Series Book 2)
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The Christian Traveler's Guide to the Holy Land
The Christian Traveler's Guide to the Holy Land
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Istanbul For First Timers: A Local's Travel Guide To Turkiye's Hidden Gems and Culture
Istanbul For First Timers: A Local's Travel Guide To Turkiye's Hidden Gems and Culture
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Rick Steves Mediterranean Cruise Ports (Rick Steves Travel Guide)
Rick Steves Mediterranean Cruise Ports (Rick Steves Travel Guide)
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God's Battalions: A Study of the Crusades, Christian Warfare, and the Fight for the Holy Land
God's Battalions: A Study of the Crusades, Christian Warfare, and the Fight for the Holy Land
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High Albania
High Albania
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DK Top 10 Istanbul: Top 10 lists for your perfect trip, plus an all-weather folded map (Pocket Travel Guide)
DK Top 10 Istanbul: Top 10 lists for your perfect trip, plus an all-weather folded map (Pocket Travel Guide)
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The Mini Rough Guide to Istanbul and the Aegean Coast: Travel Guide with eBook
The Mini Rough Guide to Istanbul and the Aegean Coast: Travel Guide with eBook
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Türkiye (Turkey) Map (National Geographic Adventure Map, 3018)
Türkiye (Turkey) Map (National Geographic Adventure Map, 3018)
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Turkey and Civilisation

Levent Ağaoğlu
-
0
Turkey and Civilisation

© Copyright photo by Levent Ağaoğlu, 2003. Budapest, Hungary

 

“Universal civilization is established by the formation of an order from the very different wishes of people on earth”. Biruni (973-1061)

 

  • Languages ​​are our wealth of civilization. The most important feature of 8-11th century Turkestan was that the thinkers knew more than one language.
  • In 1987, I was in Syria, France, and China, and in the lands of three great civilizations before covid; in India, Egypt and Iran.  The only conclusion I have drawn on behalf of my country from my business travel and country observations due to my export profession; Everything for HUMAN.
  • Come in;
    https://booksonturkey.com/travellers-talks-2/
  • Our axis; It is our civilization.
    Our compass; They are our concepts.
    Our Route: Civilization is Our Geography
  • What we need to take seriously is how to revive our heritage of civilization; not easy job and task.
  • Turks have to know the languages ​​in our civilization basins, our communication is very limited. We are closed in.
  • 700-1200 years; #Maveraünnehir/#Horasan Let’s revive our Renaissance. How?
  • Asia is Greater Asia, and Europe is already in that huge continent, Greater Asia. Europe has isolated itself as a separate civilization. It has drawn its borders, closed it.
  • “In general, it can be said that there is always a skeptical, timid, hesitant and unfriendly view towards “Turk” in Europe. This view towards the Turk is part of the general xenophobia in Europe.” http://erolgoka.net/avrupada-turk-imgesi/
  • The goal of One Global Civilization is one gender, one religion, one language, one state. Is this Contemporary Civilization? Technology does not exist, it destroys.
  • Turkish architectural works in Turkestan, India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Syria, Egypt, Africa, Russia, Ukraine, Rumelia are our marks of civilization.
Topkapi Palace: A Coffee Table Book Showcasing Istanbul's Imperial Legacy – Also see Harem, Imperial Gate, Courtyards, Sacred Relics, Bosphorus Views and much more (Travel Coffee Table Books)
Topkapi Palace: A Coffee Table Book Showcasing Istanbul's Imperial Legacy – Also see Harem, Imperial Gate, Courtyards, Sacred Relics, Bosphorus Views and much more (Travel Coffee Table Books)
$14.99 (as of 13/08/2026 02:10 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
Istanbul 50 Unsung Places
Istanbul 50 Unsung Places
4.4 out of 5 stars(44517)
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DK Top 10 Istanbul: Top 10 lists for your perfect trip, plus an all-weather folded map (Pocket Travel Guide)
DK Top 10 Istanbul: Top 10 lists for your perfect trip, plus an all-weather folded map (Pocket Travel Guide)
4.3 out of 5 stars(43538)
$7.31 (as of 13/08/2026 02:10 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
Topkapi Palace: A Stunning Coffee Table Photo Book for Travel and Tourism Enthusiasts
Topkapi Palace: A Stunning Coffee Table Photo Book for Travel and Tourism Enthusiasts
$11.99 (as of 13/08/2026 02:10 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
Istanbul For First Timers: A Local's Travel Guide To Turkiye's Hidden Gems and Culture
Istanbul For First Timers: A Local's Travel Guide To Turkiye's Hidden Gems and Culture
4.5 out of 5 stars(45534)
$11.30 (as of 13/08/2026 02:10 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
Turkey - Culture Smart!: The Essential Guide to Customs & Culture
Turkey - Culture Smart!: The Essential Guide to Customs & Culture
4.6 out of 5 stars(46578)
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Lonely Planet Istanbul (Travel Guide)
Lonely Planet Istanbul (Travel Guide)
4.6 out of 5 stars(465335)
$2.58 (as of 13/08/2026 02:10 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
Istanbul Travel Guide 2026–2027: Palaces, Bazaars, Bosphorus Crossings, and the Asian Side, with Transit Cards, Opening Hours, and Where Locals Actually Eat
Istanbul Travel Guide 2026–2027: Palaces, Bazaars, Bosphorus Crossings, and the Asian Side, with Transit Cards, Opening Hours, and Where Locals Actually Eat
$17.99 (as of 13/08/2026 02:10 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
Crescent & Star: Turkey Between Two Worlds
Crescent & Star: Turkey Between Two Worlds
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Insight Guides Turkiye: Travel Guide with eBook: 2026-2027 | Culture & Society | Must-See Sights | Stunning Photos | Expert Advice | Covers: Istanbul, Cappadocia, Ephesus and more
Insight Guides Turkiye: Travel Guide with eBook: 2026-2027 | Culture & Society | Must-See Sights | Stunning Photos | Expert Advice | Covers: Istanbul, Cappadocia, Ephesus and more
$20.06 (as of 13/08/2026 02:10 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
Great Escapes Mediterranean. The Hotel Book
Great Escapes Mediterranean. The Hotel Book
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Notes on a Foreign Country: An American Abroad in a Post-American World
Notes on a Foreign Country: An American Abroad in a Post-American World
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The Idiot: A Novel
The Idiot: A Novel
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The Essential Travel Guide to Turkiye: Iconic Sights, Authentic Food and Smart Travel Tips From A Local (Istanbul, Cappadocia, Antalya and Beyond)
The Essential Travel Guide to Turkiye: Iconic Sights, Authentic Food and Smart Travel Tips From A Local (Istanbul, Cappadocia, Antalya and Beyond)
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$17.99 (as of 14/08/2026 01:53 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia
Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia
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DK Top 10 Istanbul: Top 10 lists for your perfect trip, plus an all-weather folded map (Pocket Travel Guide)
DK Top 10 Istanbul: Top 10 lists for your perfect trip, plus an all-weather folded map (Pocket Travel Guide)
4.3 out of 5 stars(43538)
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Our World: Türkiye
Our World: Türkiye
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Fodor's Essential Turkey (Full-color Travel Guide)
Fodor's Essential Turkey (Full-color Travel Guide)
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Rick Steves Mediterranean Cruise Ports (Rick Steves Travel Guide)
Rick Steves Mediterranean Cruise Ports (Rick Steves Travel Guide)
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Istanbul, City map 1:10.000, City Pocket map + The Big Five
Istanbul, City map 1:10.000, City Pocket map + The Big Five
4.2 out of 5 stars(42515)
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Turkey and Ethiopia, Africa

Levent Ağaoğlu
-
0
Turkey and Ethiopia, Africa
To describe Turkey and Ethiopia (Abyssinia), the birthplace of civilizations, as alone and as belonging to nowhere is an acknowledgment of the western mind, which lacks civilization, which is divisive and conflicting. Levent Ağaoğlu

Isn’t it difficult to glue a displaced society, cut off from its local ties, to its past? Huntington, whom I never liked, described Turkey as a “torn country”. In short, alone and not belonging to any “place”! People here have a hard job! @aupeker· 15 May 2020

 

Black Sea: Dispatches and Recipes – Through Darkness and Light
Black Sea: Dispatches and Recipes – Through Darkness and Light
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Istanbul 50 Unsung Places
Istanbul 50 Unsung Places
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Istanbul: The Imperial City
Istanbul: The Imperial City
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The Mini Rough Guide to Istanbul and the Aegean Coast: Travel Guide with eBook
The Mini Rough Guide to Istanbul and the Aegean Coast: Travel Guide with eBook
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Lonely Planet Istanbul (Travel Guide)
Lonely Planet Istanbul (Travel Guide)
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Pocket Rough Guide Istanbul: Travel Guide with eBook
Pocket Rough Guide Istanbul: Travel Guide with eBook
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Istanbul Travel Guide 2026–2027: Palaces, Bazaars, Bosphorus Crossings, and the Asian Side, with Transit Cards, Opening Hours, and Where Locals Actually Eat
Istanbul Travel Guide 2026–2027: Palaces, Bazaars, Bosphorus Crossings, and the Asian Side, with Transit Cards, Opening Hours, and Where Locals Actually Eat
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Topkapi Palace: A Coffee Table Book Showcasing Istanbul's Imperial Legacy – Also see Harem, Imperial Gate, Courtyards, Sacred Relics, Bosphorus Views and much more (Travel Coffee Table Books)
Topkapi Palace: A Coffee Table Book Showcasing Istanbul's Imperial Legacy – Also see Harem, Imperial Gate, Courtyards, Sacred Relics, Bosphorus Views and much more (Travel Coffee Table Books)
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Lonely Planet Pocket Istanbul: Discover Twice the City in Half the Time | Top Sights | Maps & Walking Tours | Covers Sultanahmet & Sirkeci, Bazaar ... & Western Districts and more (Pocket Guide)
Lonely Planet Pocket Istanbul: Discover Twice the City in Half the Time | Top Sights | Maps & Walking Tours | Covers Sultanahmet & Sirkeci, Bazaar ... & Western Districts and more (Pocket Guide)
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Istanbul, City map 1:10.000, City Pocket map + The Big Five
Istanbul, City map 1:10.000, City Pocket map + The Big Five
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Lonely Planet Turkiye: Plan the Trip of a Lifetime | Detailed Itineraries & Maps | Insider Tips | Covers Istanbul, Troy, Izmir and more (Travel Guide)
Lonely Planet Turkiye: Plan the Trip of a Lifetime | Detailed Itineraries & Maps | Insider Tips | Covers Istanbul, Troy, Izmir and more (Travel Guide)
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A Guide to Biblical Sites in Greece and Turkey
A Guide to Biblical Sites in Greece and Turkey
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Rick Steves Mediterranean Cruise Ports (Rick Steves Travel Guide)
Rick Steves Mediterranean Cruise Ports (Rick Steves Travel Guide)
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Istanbul: City of Majesty at the Crossroads of the World
Istanbul: City of Majesty at the Crossroads of the World
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High Albania
High Albania
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The Amazing Mrs. Pollifax (Mrs. Pollifax Series Book 2)
The Amazing Mrs. Pollifax (Mrs. Pollifax Series Book 2)
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Lonely Planet Turkish Phrasebook & Dictionary
Lonely Planet Turkish Phrasebook & Dictionary
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Fodor's Essential Turkey (Full-color Travel Guide)
Fodor's Essential Turkey (Full-color Travel Guide)
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Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia
Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia
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The Essential Travel Guide to Turkiye: Iconic Sights, Authentic Food and Smart Travel Tips From A Local (Istanbul, Cappadocia, Antalya and Beyond)
The Essential Travel Guide to Turkiye: Iconic Sights, Authentic Food and Smart Travel Tips From A Local (Istanbul, Cappadocia, Antalya and Beyond)
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Why Turkey is Unique?

Levent Ağaoğlu
-
0
Why Turkey is Unique?

China is eastern culture; Although it claims to be universal (zhong gou: central country), it is not, it is one-legged.

On the other hand, Turkey has produced civilizations in 3 main continents in Asia, Europe and Africa .

Turkey synthesized East and West.

The Chinese cannot even elect a village headman, though Turkey have had local administrations since 1840.

In that sense, Turkey and China are far from each other.

The Turks, on the other hand, were in touch with both the West and China; both fought and exchanged cultures; it is unique experiment.

 

Istanbul 50 Unsung Places
Istanbul 50 Unsung Places
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The Turkish Cookbook
The Turkish Cookbook
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Insight Guides Turkiye: Travel Guide with eBook: 2026-2027 | Culture & Society | Must-See Sights | Stunning Photos | Expert Advice | Covers: Istanbul, Cappadocia, Ephesus and more
Insight Guides Turkiye: Travel Guide with eBook: 2026-2027 | Culture & Society | Must-See Sights | Stunning Photos | Expert Advice | Covers: Istanbul, Cappadocia, Ephesus and more
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Turkey - Culture Smart!: The Essential Guide to Customs & Culture
Turkey - Culture Smart!: The Essential Guide to Customs & Culture
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Notes on a Foreign Country: An American Abroad in a Post-American World
Notes on a Foreign Country: An American Abroad in a Post-American World
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Istanbul Travel Guide 2026–2027: Palaces, Bazaars, Bosphorus Crossings, and the Asian Side, with Transit Cards, Opening Hours, and Where Locals Actually Eat
Istanbul Travel Guide 2026–2027: Palaces, Bazaars, Bosphorus Crossings, and the Asian Side, with Transit Cards, Opening Hours, and Where Locals Actually Eat
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DK Turkey: Must-See Sights. Culture & History. Detailed Maps & Tours. Covers Istanbul, Cappadocia, Antalya, Bod (Travel Guide)
DK Turkey: Must-See Sights. Culture & History. Detailed Maps & Tours. Covers Istanbul, Cappadocia, Antalya, Bod (Travel Guide)
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The Essential Travel Guide to Turkiye: Iconic Sights, Authentic Food and Smart Travel Tips From A Local (Istanbul, Cappadocia, Antalya and Beyond)
The Essential Travel Guide to Turkiye: Iconic Sights, Authentic Food and Smart Travel Tips From A Local (Istanbul, Cappadocia, Antalya and Beyond)
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MY TRIP TO… ISTANBUL – Coloring Book for Kids Ages 3–5.: A Travel Activity Book for Preschoolers That Encourages Creativity and Learning
MY TRIP TO… ISTANBUL – Coloring Book for Kids Ages 3–5.: A Travel Activity Book for Preschoolers That Encourages Creativity and Learning
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Rough Guides Turkiye: Travel Guide with eBook: 2026-2027 | Insider Tips | Must-See Sights | Maps & Itineraries | Covers: Istanbul, Cappadocia, the Turquoise Coast and more
Rough Guides Turkiye: Travel Guide with eBook: 2026-2027 | Insider Tips | Must-See Sights | Maps & Itineraries | Covers: Istanbul, Cappadocia, the Turquoise Coast and more
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Istanbul: The Imperial City
Istanbul: The Imperial City
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High Albania
High Albania
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God's Battalions: A Study of the Crusades, Christian Warfare, and the Fight for the Holy Land
God's Battalions: A Study of the Crusades, Christian Warfare, and the Fight for the Holy Land
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Istanbul, City map 1:10.000, City Pocket map + The Big Five
Istanbul, City map 1:10.000, City Pocket map + The Big Five
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Great Escapes Mediterranean. The Hotel Book
Great Escapes Mediterranean. The Hotel Book
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DK Istanbul: Must-See Sights. Culture & History. Detailed Maps & Tours. Covers Sultanahmet, Beyoglu, & more (Travel Guide)
DK Istanbul: Must-See Sights. Culture & History. Detailed Maps & Tours. Covers Sultanahmet, Beyoglu, & more (Travel Guide)
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Lonely Planet Pocket Istanbul: Discover Twice the City in Half the Time | Top Sights | Maps & Walking Tours | Covers Sultanahmet & Sirkeci, Bazaar ... & Western Districts and more (Pocket Guide)
Lonely Planet Pocket Istanbul: Discover Twice the City in Half the Time | Top Sights | Maps & Walking Tours | Covers Sultanahmet & Sirkeci, Bazaar ... & Western Districts and more (Pocket Guide)
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Rick Steves Mediterranean Cruise Ports (Rick Steves Travel Guide)
Rick Steves Mediterranean Cruise Ports (Rick Steves Travel Guide)
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DK Top 10 Istanbul: Top 10 lists for your perfect trip, plus an all-weather folded map (Pocket Travel Guide)
DK Top 10 Istanbul: Top 10 lists for your perfect trip, plus an all-weather folded map (Pocket Travel Guide)
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The Idiot: A Novel
The Idiot: A Novel
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Famous people from Kırşehir in Cappadocia, Turkey

Levent Ağaoğlu
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0
Famous people from Kırşehir in Cappadocia, Turkey
  • The center of Bektashism, Kırşehir, was also a sacred place during the Roman period. Cappadocia. I had prepared an article on this subject on my website. Its name during the Roman period was Justinianopolis. The famous emperor Justinian who had Hagia Sophia built and had Roman law written in Istanbul. Kanuni also means the same as Kanuni Sultan Süleyman. In the sense of justice. Yes, the emperor Constantine who founded Istanbul named it Constantinople and the spiritual sacred center was named Justinianopolis by the emperor Justinian in the 500s. Both are the greatest emperors of the Roman Empire
  • Metropolitan Archbishopric of Mocissus
    Mocissus was also a Christian bishopric, and became a metropolitan see when, as Procopius (De ædif., V, iv) informs us, Justinian divided Cappadocia into three provinces and made this fortified site in north-western Cappadocia metropolis of Cappadocia Tertia, giving it the name of Justinianopolis. Nothing else is known of its history, and its name should perhaps be written Mocessus. There is no doubt that the site of Mocissus, or Mocessus, is that which is occupied by the modern city of Kırşehir. It figured in the Notitiæ episcopatuum until the 12th or 13th century.
  • Uğur Mumcu, investigative journalist
  • Nezaket Ekici, artist
  • Muharrem Ertaş, folk musician
  • Şemsi Yastıman, folk musician
  • Neşet Ertaş, folk poet
  • Ahi Evren, preacher – died in Kırşehir
  • Caca Bey, astronomer
  • Asik Pasa, preacher, Turkish poet

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%B1r%C5%9Fehir

Şeyh Edebali: He was born in 1208 in İnaç Village of Mucur district of Kırşehir province. He is the father-in-law of Osman Bey, the founder of the Ottoman Empire. His real name is Mustafa. His tag, İmadüddin Mustafa b. Abraham b. It is İnac el- Kırşehri. After completing his primary education in Kırşehir, he went to Damascus. After completing his education on hadith, fiqh, tafsir, the Qur’an and mysticism, he returned to Kırşehir. He established a lodge in Bilecik. He died in 1348 at the age of 125. His tomb is in Bilecik. Osman Gazi, the material founder of the Ottoman Empire, was Sheikh Edebali, the spiritual founder. His will to Osman Gazi and his will to Osman Gazi’s son Orhan Gazi are a beautiful expression of the Ahilik philosophy that formed the leaven of the Ottoman Empire. Sheikh Edebali, who is the leader of the Ahi, is also the first kadi and mufti of the Ottoman Empire.

https://kirsehir.ktb.gov.tr/TR-195637/seyh-edebali.html

KIR-SHEHER, the chief town of a sanjak of the same name in the Angora vilayet of Asia Minor, situated on a tributary of the Kizil Irmak (Halys), on the Angora-Kaisarieh road. It is on the line of the projected railway from Angora to Kaisarieh. The town gives its name to the excellent carpets made in the vicinity. On the outskirts there is a hot chalybeate spring. Population about 9000 (700 Christians, mostly Armenians). Kir-sheher represents the ancient Mocissus, a small town which became important in the Byzantine period: it was enlarged by the emperor Justinian, who re-named it Justinianopolis, and made it the capital of a large division of Cappadocia, a position it still retains.

https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Kir-Sheher

Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia
Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia
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Topkapi Palace: A Coffee Table Book Showcasing Istanbul's Imperial Legacy – Also see Harem, Imperial Gate, Courtyards, Sacred Relics, Bosphorus Views and much more (Travel Coffee Table Books)
Topkapi Palace: A Coffee Table Book Showcasing Istanbul's Imperial Legacy – Also see Harem, Imperial Gate, Courtyards, Sacred Relics, Bosphorus Views and much more (Travel Coffee Table Books)
$14.99 (as of 13/08/2026 02:10 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
The Essential Travel Guide to Turkiye: Iconic Sights, Authentic Food and Smart Travel Tips From A Local (Istanbul, Cappadocia, Antalya and Beyond)
The Essential Travel Guide to Turkiye: Iconic Sights, Authentic Food and Smart Travel Tips From A Local (Istanbul, Cappadocia, Antalya and Beyond)
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Istanbul, City map 1:10.000, City Pocket map + The Big Five
Istanbul, City map 1:10.000, City Pocket map + The Big Five
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Lonely Planet Pocket Istanbul: Discover Twice the City in Half the Time | Top Sights | Maps & Walking Tours | Covers Sultanahmet & Sirkeci, Bazaar ... & Western Districts and more (Pocket Guide)
Lonely Planet Pocket Istanbul: Discover Twice the City in Half the Time | Top Sights | Maps & Walking Tours | Covers Sultanahmet & Sirkeci, Bazaar ... & Western Districts and more (Pocket Guide)
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Rick Steves Mediterranean Cruise Ports (Rick Steves Travel Guide)
Rick Steves Mediterranean Cruise Ports (Rick Steves Travel Guide)
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Insight Guides Turkiye: Travel Guide with eBook: 2026-2027 | Culture & Society | Must-See Sights | Stunning Photos | Expert Advice | Covers: Istanbul, Cappadocia, Ephesus and more
Insight Guides Turkiye: Travel Guide with eBook: 2026-2027 | Culture & Society | Must-See Sights | Stunning Photos | Expert Advice | Covers: Istanbul, Cappadocia, Ephesus and more
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Istanbul Travel Guide 2026: The Complete Guide to Planning, Exploring, and Experiencing Istanbul, Turkey – Including Where to Stay, Top Attractions, ... (Discover Asia: City-by-City Travel Guides)
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The Turkish Cookbook
The Turkish Cookbook
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Notes on a Foreign Country: An American Abroad in a Post-American World
Notes on a Foreign Country: An American Abroad in a Post-American World
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Osman's Dream: The History of the Ottoman Empire
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Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia
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Lonely Planet Turkish Phrasebook & Dictionary
Lonely Planet Turkish Phrasebook & Dictionary
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Strolling Through Istanbul: The Classic Guide to the City
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Lonely Planet Pocket Istanbul: Discover Twice the City in Half the Time | Top Sights | Maps & Walking Tours | Covers Sultanahmet & Sirkeci, Bazaar ... & Western Districts and more (Pocket Guide)
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The Amazing Mrs. Pollifax (Mrs. Pollifax Series Book 2)
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Rick Steves Mediterranean Cruise Ports (Rick Steves Travel Guide)
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Türkiye (Turkey) Map (National Geographic Adventure Map, 3018)
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Turkish Place Names Beyond Turkey

Levent Ağaoğlu
-
0
Turkish Place Names Beyond Turkey

Gök (Blue) place names in Balkans (Macedonia, Bulgaria, Greece)
https://booksonturkey.com/gok-place-names-in-balkans-macedonia-bulgaria-greece/

Ak (White) place names in Balkans (Greece and Bulgaria)
https://booksonturkey.com/ak-white-place-names-in-balkans-greece-and-bulgaria/

Kızıl (Reddish) place names in the Balkans (Macedonia, Greece and Bulgaria)
https://booksonturkey.com/kizil-reddish-place-names-in-macedonia-greece-and-bulgaria/

Black (Kara) Place Names in Balkans (Greece, Macedonia, Bulgaria)
https://booksonturkey.com/black-kara-place-names-in-balkans-greece-macedonia-bulgaria/

Tepe (Hill) and Dağ (Mountain) Place names in Turkey, Bulgaria and Greece
https://booksonturkey.com/tepe-hill-and-dag-mountain-place-names-in-turkey-bulgaria-and-greece/

Place Names with Tumulus (Höyük in Turkish)
https://booksonturkey.com/place-names-with-tumulus-hoyuk-in-turkish/

Turkish Place Names
https://booksonturkey.com/turkce-yeradlari/

Turkish Place Names in 100 Countries (exonym)
https://booksonturkey.com/yeradlari/

Place Names starting with NEA in Greece
https://booksonturkey.com/yunanistanda-nea-ile-baslayan-yeradlari/

Bazaar Place Names in the Balkans
https://booksonturkey.com/balkanpazar-2/

Place names in Turkey containing BOLU (Police)
https://booksonturkey.com/place-names-in-turkey-containing-bolu-police/

Greek and Roman Place Names in Anatolia, Turkey
https://booksonturkey.com/greek-and-roman-place-names-in-anatolia-turkey/

Black Sea: Dispatches and Recipes – Through Darkness and Light
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DK Top 10 Istanbul: Top 10 lists for your perfect trip, plus an all-weather folded map (Pocket Travel Guide)
DK Top 10 Istanbul: Top 10 lists for your perfect trip, plus an all-weather folded map (Pocket Travel Guide)
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Istanbul For First Timers: A Local's Travel Guide To Turkiye's Hidden Gems and Culture
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Istanbul, City map 1:10.000, City Pocket map + The Big Five
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Turkey - Culture Smart!: The Essential Guide to Customs & Culture
Turkey - Culture Smart!: The Essential Guide to Customs & Culture
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$14.52 (as of 13/08/2026 02:10 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
The Essential Travel Guide to Turkiye: Iconic Sights, Authentic Food and Smart Travel Tips From A Local (Istanbul, Cappadocia, Antalya and Beyond)
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Travel and leisure magazine istanbul: A Guide For First Time Travelers
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A Guide to Biblical Sites in Greece and Turkey
A Guide to Biblical Sites in Greece and Turkey
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Fodor's Essential Turkey (Full-color Travel Guide)
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Osman's Dream: The History of the Ottoman Empire
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4.3 out of 5 stars(43538)
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The Christian Traveler's Guide to the Holy Land
The Christian Traveler's Guide to the Holy Land
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Istanbul: City of Majesty at the Crossroads of the World
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Urosh flag and Mirditas in Albania

Levent Ağaoğlu
-
0
Urosh flag and Mirditas in Albania

“Because the Mirdites appreciated with the state with their good service in the Battle of Kosovo, and the privilege of plating copper on the tip of the aforementioned Uroş flag was granted”. Ahmet Cevdet Pasha

“Çünkü Mirditler Kosova Muharebesi’nde hüsn-i hizmet eylemekle mazhar-ı nazar-ı devlet olmuş ve mezkûr Uroş bayrağının ucuna bakır kaplamak imtiyâzı ihsân buyurulmuş idi”.  Ahmet Cevdet Paşa

When the famous Skanderbeg deserted many of his houses, the continent called Mirdita remained. The Mirdita tribe, residing in the vicinity of Yakova, on the other hand, made a reference to the edict of the eight hundred and forty years, when they asked that this continent be bestowed on them, since they were a state of honor by serving well in the Kosovo war and were not sheltered even where they were. At that time, the ruler of Zadrima, Hasan- Efendi, who was in charge of Dukakin, gave a stanza of evidence to the Mirdit tribe between Fandi-i sagîr and Fandi-i kebir. Quite a few people came to Mu’ahharen Mirdita and they multiplied, and even the flags of Ispah and Dibri joined the moments and became mirdits, and their population increased and extended the border of Mirdita.

Bib Doda Pasha for a while, claiming to be from the generation of Skender Bey, worked with the rehabîn to write such a line-name, and even for a while, he claimed to be the heir of Lek Dukakin and even Dukakin had a seal engraved on the envelopes of letters he sent to the bazaars. the moment struck. The truth of the matter is that Bib Doda Pasha lost these sani’as, since the Albanian language is known and the Dodas are not from the descendants of either Skanderbeg or Dukakin, and that they are made from one of the most famous tribes of the Mirdits in the Ishkodra estates. ‘ remained secret.

“Meşhur İskender Bey bir çok hâneleri istishâb[en] firar ettikte hâlen Mirdita denilen kıta hâli kalmış idi. Yakova havâlisinde sâkin olan Mirdita kabilesi ise Kosova muhârebesinde hüsn-i hizmet etmekle mazhar-ı nazar-ı devlet olup bulundukları yerlerde dahi barınmaz olduklarından bu kıt’anın kendilerine ihsan buyrulmasını istid’â etmeleri üzerine sekiz yüz kırk tarihinde sâdır olan fermân-ı âlîye imtisâlen ol vakit -Dukakin muzâfâtından olan Zadrima hâkimi Haşan- Efendi Fandi-i sagîr ve Fandi-i kebîr arasını Mirdit kabilesine îtâ ile buna dâir kendilerine bir kıt’a hüccet vermiş idi. Mu’ahharen Mirdita’ya etraftan hayli ahâli gelerek çoğalmışlar ve îspah ve Dibri bayrakları dahi anlara katılıp mirditleşmişler ve nüfûsu çoğalarak Mirdita hudûdunu tevsi’etmişlerdir.

Bib Doda Paşa bir aralık İskender Bey neslinden olmak iddiâsında bulunarak rehâbîn ile öyle bir silsile-nâme te’lîfine çalışmıştır ve bir aralık dahi Lek Dukakin’in vârisi olmak iddiâsında bulunup hattâ Dukakin deyu bir mühür kazdırıp ba’z-ı mahallere gönderdiği mektub zarflarının üzerine anı basardı. Hakîkat-i hâl ise Arnavudluk’ça ma’lûm ve Doda’ların gerek İskender Bey ve gerek Dukakin neslinden olmadıkları emr-i meczûm olmağla ve Işkodra malisyaları içinde Mirditler en ednâ kabilelerden ma’dûd bulunmağla Bib Doda Paşa’nın bu sanî’aları te’sirsiz kalmıştır.”

The lower part of the flags with Albania is tin plated, but the Oroş flag is copper-plated, a privilege given by Sultan Murad.

It is the Orosh flag, which is the captain’s flag of Mirdita, and it is a privilege of this flag to have copper plating on the tip as it is done in honeymoon, and myrdites accept it.

“Arnavutluk’la olan bayrakların alt tarafında ucu teneke kaplama olup fakat Oroş bayrağına bakır kaplanmak Sultan Murad tarafından verilmiş bir imtiyâz-ı mahsus imiş.

Mirdita’nm kaptan bayrağı olan Oroş bayrağıdır ve bâlâda iş’âr olunduğu üzere ucuna bakır kaplamak bu bayrağın bir imtiyâz-ı mahsûsu olup mirditler bununla mübâhât ederler.”

https://archive.org/stream/tezakiricevdet_201705/s.t2_djvu.txt

Hot Malisyası’nın sağ ve sol iki bayrağı vardır ve İzlav memâlikine sefer olundukda Hot bi-
rinci olup mevki‘-i harbe en ibtidâ dahil olur ve en sonra avdet eyler ve Hotlar tayin almadıkça sairleri tayin alamaz. Cedvel-i mezkûr işte bu tertib üzere yazılmışdır. Ama sair tarafa sefer olundukda tertib-i mezkûr ber-aks olarak birinci bayrak Mirdita’nın Uroş Bayrağı’dır ve ucuna bakır kaplamak bu bayrağın imtiyâz-ı mahsusudur.

Sair bayrakların uçları hep tenekedir. Çünkü Mirditler Kosova Muharebesi’nde hüsn-i hizmet eylemekle mazhar-ı nazar-ı devlet olmuş ve mezkûr Uroş bayrağının ucuna bakır kaplamak imtiyâzı ihsân buyurulmuş idi ve meşhur İskender Bey birçok hâneleri bi’l-istishâb İtalya’ya firar [47] eylemiş olduğundan şimdi Mirdita denilen kıt‘a hâlî kalıp Mirditler ise o zaman Yakova havalisinde mutavattın oldukları hâlde yerleri dar olmakla barınamaz olduklarından mezkûr kıt‘a-i hâlîyenin kendilerine ihsân buyurulmasını istid‘â etmeleri üzerine sekiz yüz kırk tarihinde sâdır olan fermân-ı âlî mûcebince ol vakit Dukakin muzâfâtından olan Zavrime Hâkimi Hasan Efendi tarafından Fandi-i Sağîr ile Fandi-i Kebîr arasındaki yerler Mirditlere teslim ile buna dair yedlerine bir kıt‘a hüccet verilmiş ve ondan sonra bu kıt‘aya
Mirdita denilmişdir.

O zaman Mirditler Uroş ve İspaç ve Kuşnani nâm üç bayrakdan ibaret iken sonra Fandi ve
Dibri Nahiyeleri dahi onlara katılarak Mirdita beş bayrağa münkasim olmuşdur. Ba‘dehû nüfus dahi tekessür ederek Mirdita’nın hududu tevessü‘ etmişdir.

https://www.devletarsivleri.gov.tr/varliklar/dosyalar/eskisiteden/yayinlar/osmanli-arsivi-yayinlar/osmanli_arsiv_belgelerinde_arnavutluk.pdf

The Mirdita tribe

The Mirdita tribe is the only tribe where the Albanian language and religion is still the same as centuries before. The oldest families (which are brothers in the same time) are: Oroshi, Kushneni and Spaqi (they came from southern Kosovo) migrate to today Mirdita region when they meet Fandi and Dibri family who hosted them, later those five tribes did not want to obey the rules of the Ottoman Empire, thus the perfect place for this was Mirdita.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Albania

Orosh

Orosh (or Albanian: Oroshi) is a small village in Mirditë within the county of Lezhë in the northwest of the Republic of Albania. Geographically, it is located inside the mountainous region of northern Albania in the Valley of Fan.

The seat of the former municipality was the town of Reps. The former Orosh Abbey was located in the municipality. Terenzio Tocci gathered the Mirdita chieftains on April 26, 1911, in Orosh, proclaimed the independence of Albania, raised the flag of Albania and established the provisional government.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orosh

Crescent & Star: Turkey Between Two Worlds
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DK Turkey: Must-See Sights. Culture & History. Detailed Maps & Tours. Covers Istanbul, Cappadocia, Antalya, Bod (Travel Guide)
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Istanbul Travel Guide 2026–2027: Palaces, Bazaars, Bosphorus Crossings, and the Asian Side, with Transit Cards, Opening Hours, and Where Locals Actually Eat
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$17.99 (as of 13/08/2026 02:10 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
The Essential Travel Guide to Turkiye: Iconic Sights, Authentic Food and Smart Travel Tips From A Local (Istanbul, Cappadocia, Antalya and Beyond)
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Topkapi Palace: A Stunning Coffee Table Photo Book for Travel and Tourism Enthusiasts
Topkapi Palace: A Stunning Coffee Table Photo Book for Travel and Tourism Enthusiasts
$11.99 (as of 13/08/2026 02:10 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
Topkapi Palace: A Coffee Table Book Showcasing Istanbul's Imperial Legacy – Also see Harem, Imperial Gate, Courtyards, Sacred Relics, Bosphorus Views and much more (Travel Coffee Table Books)
Topkapi Palace: A Coffee Table Book Showcasing Istanbul's Imperial Legacy – Also see Harem, Imperial Gate, Courtyards, Sacred Relics, Bosphorus Views and much more (Travel Coffee Table Books)
$14.99 (as of 13/08/2026 02:10 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
Istanbul For First Timers: A Local's Travel Guide To Turkiye's Hidden Gems and Culture
Istanbul For First Timers: A Local's Travel Guide To Turkiye's Hidden Gems and Culture
4.5 out of 5 stars(45534)
$11.30 (as of 13/08/2026 02:10 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
Insight Guides Turkiye: Travel Guide with eBook: 2026-2027 | Culture & Society | Must-See Sights | Stunning Photos | Expert Advice | Covers: Istanbul, Cappadocia, Ephesus and more
Insight Guides Turkiye: Travel Guide with eBook: 2026-2027 | Culture & Society | Must-See Sights | Stunning Photos | Expert Advice | Covers: Istanbul, Cappadocia, Ephesus and more
$20.06 (as of 13/08/2026 02:10 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
The Mini Rough Guide to Istanbul and the Aegean Coast: Travel Guide with eBook
The Mini Rough Guide to Istanbul and the Aegean Coast: Travel Guide with eBook
4.6 out of 5 stars(46530)
$6.47 (as of 13/08/2026 02:10 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
Istanbul For First Timers: A Local's Travel Guide To Turkiye's Hidden Gems and Culture
Istanbul For First Timers: A Local's Travel Guide To Turkiye's Hidden Gems and Culture
4.5 out of 5 stars(45534)
$11.30 (as of 14/08/2026 01:53 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia
Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia
4.8 out of 5 stars(485156)
$8.73 (as of 14/08/2026 01:53 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
DK Istanbul: Must-See Sights. Culture & History. Detailed Maps & Tours. Covers Sultanahmet, Beyoglu, & more (Travel Guide)
DK Istanbul: Must-See Sights. Culture & History. Detailed Maps & Tours. Covers Sultanahmet, Beyoglu, & more (Travel Guide)
5.0 out of 5 stars(5053)
$17.87 (as of 14/08/2026 01:53 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
Fodor's Essential Turkey (Full-color Travel Guide)
Fodor's Essential Turkey (Full-color Travel Guide)
4.0 out of 5 stars(40512)
$17.02 (as of 14/08/2026 01:53 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
Osman's Dream: The History of the Ottoman Empire
Osman's Dream: The History of the Ottoman Empire
4.2 out of 5 stars(425477)
$8.49 (as of 14/08/2026 01:53 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
DK Turkey: Must-See Sights. Culture & History. Detailed Maps & Tours. Covers Istanbul, Cappadocia, Antalya, Bod (Travel Guide)
DK Turkey: Must-See Sights. Culture & History. Detailed Maps & Tours. Covers Istanbul, Cappadocia, Antalya, Bod (Travel Guide)
$20.33 (as of 14/08/2026 01:53 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
High Albania
High Albania
4.3 out of 5 stars(435266)
$0.99 (as of 14/08/2026 01:53 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
Great Escapes Mediterranean. The Hotel Book
Great Escapes Mediterranean. The Hotel Book
4.5 out of 5 stars(455103)
$59.71 (as of 14/08/2026 01:53 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
Lonely Planet Turkiye: Plan the Trip of a Lifetime | Detailed Itineraries & Maps | Insider Tips | Covers Istanbul, Troy, Izmir and more (Travel Guide)
Lonely Planet Turkiye: Plan the Trip of a Lifetime | Detailed Itineraries & Maps | Insider Tips | Covers Istanbul, Troy, Izmir and more (Travel Guide)
4.3 out of 5 stars(43578)
$18.87 (as of 14/08/2026 01:53 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
The Mini Rough Guide to Istanbul and the Aegean Coast: Travel Guide with eBook
The Mini Rough Guide to Istanbul and the Aegean Coast: Travel Guide with eBook
4.6 out of 5 stars(46530)
$6.47 (as of 14/08/2026 01:53 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)
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