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Alphabets In Which Turkish Language Is Written Today

Arabic Semitic language family
in Latin: Indo-European language family
Cyrillic: Indo-European language family

Since Turkish from the Altaic language family is not in the same category as the above languages, problems were encountered in all applications of the alphabet except the Altaic language family; The Latin alphabet is not free from these problems.
Turks had difficulty in learning Arabic, and they could not learn French or English. ​ ​

In the past of the Turks; Alphabets (Cyrillic, Latin) within the Indo-European language family do not exist. Turks met with these alphabets in the 20th century after their defeat in the Russian-British rivalry, each other’s arch rivals.

It’s not just the old Turkish labeled as the lost ottoman; After the monumental works of the Turks written on stone, the serious works were written in Arabic alphabet with the kutadgu bilig written in Balasagun in 1070 and in Kashgar, and the dictionary written by Kasgarli Mahmut in Baghdad in 1072-1074 in Arabic.

Divani Lügat It Turkish map

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bc/Kashgari_map.jpg

ALPHABETS OF THE TURKISH LANGUAGE

  1. Latin
  2. Hellenic
  3. Cyrillic
  4. Farce
  5. Arabic

Turkic languages ​​written with the Latin alphabet

  1. Turkish (Turkey)
  2. Uzbek
  3. Azerbaijani (Azerbaijan)
  4. Turkmen
  5. Cyprus
  6. Romania
  7. Kosovo
  8. Western Yugur (China, Kansu Province)
  9. Crimean Tatar (Romania)
  10. Gagauz (Moldova; Gagauzian)

Turkic languages ​​written with the Greek alphabet

  1. Greece (Western Thrace, Islands)
  2. Greece (Karamanli; Karaman Turks)

Turkic languages ​​written in Cyrillic alphabet

  1. Ukraine
  2. Bulgaria
  3. Gagauzia (Ukraine)
  4. Macedonia
  5. Kazakh
  6. Kyrgyz
  7. Tatar (Russia)
  8. Crimean Tatar (Ukraine)
  9. Yakut(Russia)
  10. Chuvash (Russia)
  11. Bashkir (Russia)
  12. Altai (Russia)
  13. Dagestan (Russia)
  14. Kabarda (Russia)
  15. Karachay-Cherkessia (Russia)
  16. Khakassia (Russia)
  17. Tuva (Russia)

Turkic languages ​​written in Persian alphabet

  1. Azerbaijani (Iran)
  2. Kazakh (Chinese)
  3. Kyrgyz (China and Afghanistan)
  4. Kashkai (Iran)
  5. Turkmen (Iran and Afghanistan)
  6. Uzbek (China and Afghanistan)
  7. Uigur

Turkic languages ​​in which Arabic letters are used today

  1. Uyghur in China. It was written in Arabic letters in 1983, after the transition to the Latin alphabet in 1969;
  2. Kazakh: It is written in Arabic script in Pakistan, Iran, China and Afghanistan;
  3. Kyrgyz is written with Arabic letters in China.
  4. Turkmen in Iraq;
  5. Azerbaijani and other regional languages ​​in Iran;
  6. Uzbek, Turkmen and other regional languages ​​in Afghanistan;
  7. Chinese is written in the Xiao’erjing alphabet by some Hui (Muslim Chinese).
  8. Kazakh in China

Turkish Language is common heritage in 83 countries

  1. Turkey
  2. European Countries (64 countries )
  3. Russia
  4. Ukraine
  5. Iranian
  6. Iraq
  7. Syria
  8. Lebanon
  9. Israel
  10. Cyprus
  11. Kazakhstan
  12. Kyrgzhstan
  13. Uzbekistan
  14. Turkmenistan
  15. Afghanistan
  16. Armenia
  17. Azerbaijan
  18. Georgia
  19. Xinjiang (China)
  20. Cyprus

 

Most traveled and richest language in the World

The Turks;

  • Four languages ​​(Turkish, Arabic, Persian, Sanksrit) in the Indian subcontinent
  • In Turkey (Anatolian-Rumelian) three languages ​​(Turkish, Persian, Arabic)

They created the world’s most traveling and rich TURKISH LANGUAGE.

Millennial Turkish

The ornament of the mind is the language,
The ornament of the tongue is the word;
The ornament of man is the face,
The ornament of the face is the eye.

Turkish Place Names

Exonym: It is the different naming of places and people named by local people by foreigners. We have a traveler and rich language that names nearly 7500 places in the world in Turkish. We named places in 100 countries in Turkish. German only named places in 30 countries. The world language English has named the placenames in 79 countries and French in 76 countries in its own language.

World language English 79 countries

French 76 countries

Source: Exonyms, Turkish Exonyms. Wikipedia

Countries with Turkish Place Names

  1. ​​Abkhazia
  2. Afghanistan
  3. Albania
  4. Algeria
  5. Andorra
  6. Armenia
  7. Australia
  8. Austria
  9. Azerbaijan
  10. Belarus
  11. Belgium
  12. Bosnia and Herzegovina
  13. Bulgaria
  14. Chad
  15. China
  16. Comoros
  17. Croatia
  18. Cuba
  19. Cyprus
  20. Czech Republic
  21. Denmark
  22. Egypt
  23. England
  24. Eritrea
  25. Ethiopia
  26. Europe
  27. Finland
  28. France
  29. Georgia
  30. Germany
  31. Gibraltar
  32. Greek
  33. Haiti
  34. Hungary
  35. India
  36. Indonesia
  37. Iran
  38. Iraq
  39. Israel
  40. Italy
  41. Jamaica
  42. Japan
  43. Jordan
  44. Kazakhstan
  45. Kenya
  46. Kosovo
  47. Kyrgyzstan
  48. Lebanon
  49. Libya
  50. Lithuania
  51. Luxembourg
  52. Madagascar
  53. Malaysia
  54. Malta
  55. Mexico City
  56. Moldova
  57. Mongolia
  58. Montenegro
  59. Morocco
  60. Mozambique
  61. Myanmar
  62. Netherlands
  63. North Korea
  64. North Macedonia
  65. Oman
  66. Pakistan
  67. Palestine
  68. Papua New Guinea
  69. Poland
  70. Portugal
  71. Puerto Rico
  72. Romania
  73. Russia
  74. Saudi Arabia
  75. Serbia
  76. Slovakia
  77. Slovenia
  78. Somalia
  79. South Africa
  80. South Korea
  81. South Ossetia
  82. South Sudan
  83. Spain
  84. Sri Lanka
  85. Sudan
  86. Sweden
  87. Switzerland
  88. Syria
  89. Tajikistan
  90. Tanzania
  91. Tunisia
  92. Turkey
  93. Turkmenistan
  94. Turks and Caicos Islands
  95. Ukraine
  96. United Arab Emirates
  97. United States
  98. Uzbekistan
  99. Vatican
  100. Vietnam
  101. Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region
  102. Yemen

Source: Exonyms, Turkish Exonyms. Wikipedia

“The borders of my homeland begin where Turkish is spoken and end where Turkish is spoken.” Omer Seyfettin

The Turkish language has become a generational generation, and has embraced Asia and Europe step by step. If the Turkish Belt were used instead of the Turkish World, it would be colorful with every color, like the Rainbow Belt. When you say the world, different worlds such as the Russian World and the Western World come to mind, but when the Turkish Belt is mentioned, it travels around the world. The concept of the Turkish world imprisons us in Central Asia and isolates us from the world.

Turkish Languages ​​Map

 

Etymology of the verb: To Think

Saturday, May 19, 2018

[9] [Süsi three birig] is a saint. We are two together. We were exiled. Terigri was half, we were half. Ögüzke  fell . Halfway on the way, yime dead root. Anda song Oguz kopun celtic.

[9] Oguz came. The military was three thousand. We were two thousand. We fought. God gave it to us, we distributed it. He fell into the river   The one we dispersed has always died on the way. After that, Oguz came completely.

[3] The moment subk[a] bard[our]. We have the ol sub code. We run out of  Aşanğalı . We waste our waste. We’ve got a whimsical wind. We hit Kırkızıg.

[3] We arrived at Ani Water. We went down that water. We got off the horse to eat   We tied the horse to the tree. We galloped at full speed, day and night. We printed the Kyrgyz in sleep.

[6] thyme root thyme. The turgish khan was tidi. Ten Arrows have carried their legs without staying. Tabğaç ornament bar has melted. I am ebgerü  teseyin  tidi.

[6] said he will kill us. He said that the turgish khan went out. He says that the Ten Arrow nation went out completely. There is a Chinese army. Khan said he heard and education, I home  I’m in  he said.

Source : Tonyukuk Inscription http://www.gokturkce.net/yazi/tonyukuk-yaziti-cevirisi-okuma-metni/

Down
Plunk
Think
Thoughts
to Think
Downgrade

Tüş: Tonyukuk Inscription, Şine Us Inscription, Kül Tigin Inscription
Tüşür: Tonyukuk Inscription, Yenisei Inscriptions
Tüşrgek: Yenisey Inscriptions

DROP , es. tr. tus (root meaning falling, sudden emergence, product, berry, reward, appearing) fall from…

tr. Also, dream (corresponding to a dream) images that appear during sleep, the emergence of an event during sleep, its fall… (see Falling). Fall/fall (direction, direction, ar. direction).

The image of the dream will not be menguş

What appears in a dream is not a dream

– Light. –

Who sees in a dream a great togan

Descends to the sky

– Suh. –

Condemned neighbors I couldn’t sleep

He enters my dream that I love

– Black. –

DUSKUN , tr. fall (see) slack (person who is in bad condition, suffering from financial difficulties, in poor health).

With the suffix of kün from the root of dream, kün/kün…

The afflicted (the oppressor), the afflicted, the afflicted, the indulging…

***

FALL , tr. tüş/düş (the root denoting landing, encounter, emergence, being born, staying, stopping, landing)

Falling down (falling down, dying, descending, App.), tumbling down (sitting, sitting, standing, standing, App.) tumbling down (descending, falling, landing, Kaş.) tüş ödi (landing period, mid-morning period, time to land, Kaş.), tüşmek (descend, fall, land, Kaş.) tüş ödi (landing period, mid-morning period, time to land, Kaş.) tüşmek (dreaming, drooping, falling back in sleep, emptying, Kaş.), tüş making (to get down, to get together), to get down (to get down, to get together), to get down (to drop, to get down, for all of them, see Kaş.)…

These examples show that the root of tüş/dream stems from a natural event, a lived phenomenon. As a matter of fact, the homogeneity of the verb dream (ar. dream and the verb to fall/fall down is clearly evident. The words töşemek-töşmemek/flooring have the meanings of furnishing the house, laying the roof, equipping, arranging, covering, closing, covering. However, the verb to fall is also to have a dream, in a dream. it means to ejaculate, it arises from the act of descending, the flow of a fluid from the reproductive place during sleep, the descent.

It is clear how different the meanings of the act of falling are in the Anatolian folk dialect, and that these meanings originate from natural events:

Fall – The place where a shot or injured animal or human falls.

Dushelge – A share, share, falling in contact with someone.

Fallengi – A sheet, cover used to furnish and equip a room.

Delegate – Üleş, (share share).

Dulegelik – Üleş (share, share, duleship).

Random – Unknowingly encounter, random.

Thinking – Pausing, listening, having fun.

Dreaming – Getting used to, haunting, habit having fun.

Dream – delusion (dream), impossible job.

Fall – A bait placed in a place for trapping, to hunt partridges and similar animals.

Miscarriage – The aborted child.

Thinking – Sadness (sadness).

Reflection – Martyr, respect, self-reflection (malahaza).

Thinker – Respect, self-reflection (consideration).

Drop – The crop (crop) is where an innocent person fell after being killed.

DUSSEL , tr. dream (see) and flood from the suffix dream-sel/dream (related to dream).

LOW , tr. fall (see) to fall-ü-k/low (drooped down, fallen down, decreased in value, worthless)…

Low…

THINK , tr. to think (from the root of dream/tüş, which includes the meanings of product, berry, reward)-from fall-ü-n/think (informational impression produced instantly.).

To think, which derives from the root of dream, is homogeneous (see Thinking), but the vowel of the word think is suffix.

The word kün has undergone a dialect change from product/product (produced, derived object), meal/meal, wedding/wedding (es. tr. toy-kün (toy-kün (toy-kün) day, feast day), especially with the lowering of the k sound) It has become an affix by becoming a vowel, it is not actually an affix. The word toy-kün, again in Asian Turkish, took the form of toyun and became an affix of kün un. Today, the word has also changed into the form of boğün in the Anatolian moral dialect.) species, (derived from offspring, offspring, especially camel cub, should not be thought to have been modified by coming from another language)…

THOUGHT , tr. from fall/fall (see Falling) to fall – to think/dream… (see Thinking)…

tr. The derivation of nouns from the verb with the suffix ce is continuous. Fun-en-ce/entertainment from having fun, riddle/riddle from knowing, learning/learning from learning (meaning lesson), Ilı-ca/hot spring (hot spring) from imak, returning from döner-ce/dönerce (single iron plow), bile-ce/bilece (together) bg…

Thoughtful, thoughtful, thoughtful, thoughtful, thoughtless, thoughtless…

THINKING , tr. fall/fall from fall/tush – fall-u-n-me/think…

Root meaning: to drop by itself, to drop by itself, to fall by oneself, to reveal an object in its own memory, to give birth to it, to bring it into memory, to produce…

All the meanings of the root of dream/dream exist in the act of thinking. Deriving a verb from the root to the subject with the common suffix n is an ongoing event in the Turkish language from the very beginning. What comes to the root word depends on the root sound harmony. For this reason, in actions directed towards the subject derived from the root of tüş/düş, the vowel suffix is ​​natural, it is due to the structure and construction of the word.

To see/to be seen (from seeing, to be seen by oneself, to be presented to the eye), to crawl/creep (to apply the crawling process to oneself), to ög-ü-n-mek/today – brag – brag (to direct the cooking process to oneself, to praise oneself, to teach), to dress up (to cover oneself), to cover oneself (to rub oneself against an object, somewhere) bg . dream-ü-n-mek/-thinking (directing an object, a subject to its own essence and dropping it)…

Think (like production from reproduction), make one think, thinker, think about, think…

DROP , tr. tüş/düş (see Falling)-from tüş-ü-r-mek/to drop…

The old form is to spit (to lower, to drop, Kaş.), to drop (to hunt, to knock down, to hit, Tar. Söz.).

Hear-ur-mak/announce from hear (to listen in the old form), buy-ur-mak/command from command (actually, the word command comes from commanding, the root is buğ-buy), boğ-u-r-mak As in the actions of / bellow, ğ-ü-r-mek/gag, süp-ı-r-mek/to sweep, fall-ü-r-mek/to drop (to spit)…

Drop, drop, drop, drop…

Source:  İsmet Zeki Eyüboğlu, Etymology Dictionary of Turkish Language, Social Publish. 1995

***

key- 

  1. to get down
  2. (with approach-finding, direction) to go, walk
  3. disembark
  4. fall, be injured or perish
  5. (enemy army) pouring into the river, the sea and the plague 452, 500, 541, 551

Source : Hatice Şirin, Vocabulary Analysis of Old Turkish Inscriptions. Turkish Language Society. 2016

Turkish Hemp

HEMP  IN TURKEY AND TURKISTAN – THE ORIGINS OF HEMP CULTURE

 “… They spun wool, hemp, weaving cloth, weaving (?) and the other masters were also working their own works of art by themselves, and they were toiling and toiling…”

The Good and the Bad Prince Story, < 1000

“Prince Kalyanamkara and Papamkara” Uighur story

Source: Bahaettin Ögel,Introduction to the History of Turkish Culture, Volume 5, Clothing and Ornamentation in Turks, Ankara 1978, Ministry of Culture Publications.ss.

Hemp, which was cultivated for clothing starting from the Huns in Greater Asia, gained a strategic quality in Asia Minor, especially in the Black Sea region, together with the Ottomans, and became an indispensable part of the war economy. In the 19th century, hemp, whose production reached its peak due to the war with the West, became a prohibited product in the Republic of Turkey as a result of the pressures of the West towards the middle of the 20th century.

Hemp is also ourselves, a struggle to be ourselves. Both struggles are intertwined with each other. In the 19th century Mercantilism era, the Ottoman Industry, which was destroyed by the Baltalimanı Free Trade Agreement, paved the way for the British Fabric, and the agreements with the USA after the Second World War paved the way for the American Cloth and Trabzon Cloth entered the process of extinction together with the Rize cloth. The oil produced in the Ottoman lands and the imported products that were produced by seizing the cotton grown and entered into our country with local agencies were used as a lever, and when it came to the present, we entered the process of reckoning with ourselves.

The versatile dictionaries in our book, which was published by examining the archive documents from the past, which started to emerge in this process that started to accelerate at the beginning of the 21st century; It is also the unfailing testimony of our language.

Hemp inherited from Hun, Uighur and Ottoman ancestors is also the cornerstone of the process of being ourselves. The requirement of the heritage is to ensure that our primary culture of thousands of years is re-evaluated and further strengthened.

After Ögel, Nejat Diyarbekirli teacher referred to Ögel in his study titled Turkish Art History and Research and Studies in 1969 and accepted the Andronovo Culture period as 1700-1200 for Southern Siberia (Diyarbekirli, 1969:118). Then, İbrahim Kafesoğlu, in his work titled Turkish National Culture, which was first published in 1977, refers to the Russian archaeologists Çernikov and Kiselev, and talks about the Altay-Sayan region, where the mentioned cultural period has been dominant since 1700, and the spreading areas of these tribesmen (Kafesoğlu, 2007:54) . Finally, in 1978, in Emel Esin’s study titled History of Turkish Culture Before Islam and Introduction to Islam, M.He mentions that a European-Mongoloid mixed race type of Afhanesyevo and Andronovo Tribes came into existence between 2000-1200 BC and that they could be the ancestors of Turks (Esin, 1978: 3). The works of these four great Historians and Art Historians, who have done very important studies for pre-Islamic Turkish History and Art, have been the references of Turkish historians since these years.

In the main title of our review of hemp resources, the classification of “Turkey and Turkistan” has been proposed. Our cultural origins are shaped in a two-pronged region that presents a unity. We hope that the proposed classification will also be used as a basis for cultural, political, economic, strategic and geopolitical studies.

In the evaluation centered on the Turkestan dimension, while around twenty Turkish tribes were examined within the breadth of Greater Asia, the Far East, the Indian Continent, Russia and the Near East regions were also mentioned.

In the Turkey part, Europe is examined under the headings of Periods, Geographies, Techniques and Resources. It is our wish that a similar reversal point of view here should be re-evaluated, especially the cultural people of our country, centered on Asia Minor-Turkey.

At the end of the periods starting from Ancient Anatolia, the subject of hemp in the Republic of Turkey was also examined.

In the subject of techniques, the usage areas have been examined under seven sub-headings, starting from the nutrition techniques.

The richness of our language, dictionaries and archive records were examined in references, and once again we were left in awe. Among the nearly twenty dictionaries, the most striking ones are the placenames and our more than five hundred vocabulary that emerged from the archive (Ottoman and Republic) analysis.

It is a necessity for our words about hemp to be expressed and to create a broad agenda.

In the bibliography sub-title of the references, bibliographer Bülent Ağaoğlu meticulously unearthed the sources under eleven sub-titles, like an archaeological excavation.

By concluding our work with poetry, as always, we have endeavored to contribute to the culture artistically.

The study was concluded by creating a wide index based on Time, Ground (Places, countries, regions), Mind (People, Concepts, Terms).

The thesis and claim that emerged from our detailed and versatile source books review is the happiness of arriving at Ourselves, starting from Kendir. It should be a primary duty to hold on tightly to what belongs to us and to weed out what is not.

Hemp, which was cultivated for clothing starting from the Huns in Greater Asia, gained a strategic quality in Asia Minor, especially in the Black Sea region, together with the Ottomans, and became an indispensable part of the war economy. In the 19th century, hemp, whose production reached its peak due to the war with the West, became a prohibited product in the Republic of Turkey as a result of the pressures of the West towards the middle of the 20th century.

Hemp is also ourselves, a struggle to be ourselves. Both struggles are intertwined with each other. In the 19th century Mercantilism era, the Ottoman Industry, which was destroyed by the Baltalimanı Free Trade Agreement, paved the way for the British Fabric, and the agreements with the USA after the Second World War paved the way for the American Cloth and Trabzon Cloth entered the process of extinction together with the Rize cloth. The oil produced in the Ottoman lands and the imported products that were produced by seizing the cotton grown and entered into our country with local agencies were used as a lever, and when it came to the present, we entered the process of reckoning with ourselves.

The versatile dictionaries in our book, which was published by examining the archive documents from the past that started to emerge in this process that started to accelerate in the early 21st century; It is also the unfailing testimony of our language.

Inherited from Hun, Göktürk, Uyghur and Ottoman ancestors, hemp is the cornerstone of the process of being ourselves. The necessity of the heritage is to ensure that our thousands of years old culture is re-evaluated, strengthened and kept alive.

The Turkish Phenomenon in the World

After Turks, Chinese and Indians, it is the nation that sends the most immigrants from its country in the world. The ratio of Turks living in the Republic of Turkey and Turks living in the world is approximately 10 percent.

Even China and India cannot reach this rate in the world. According to Professor Faruk Şen in his recently published book, 1 out of every 10 Turks living in the world lives outside of Turkey.

It is stated that Turks live in 132 countries in the world and 6 million 800 thousand people of Turkish origin live outside the borders of their own country. It is emphasized that the country with the highest number of immigrants living outside the borders of its own country in the world is China, with a population of 1.3 billion, and that China has 55 million people living abroad, followed by India. Among the people living outside their own country in the world, the Chinese are in the first place, the Indians are in the second place, and the Turks are in the third place. Source: Faruk Sen. The Turkish Case in the World. Positive Release. 11/2015

The Turkish phenomenon in the world has not received enough attention in Turkey. Unfortunately, the studies on the Turkish world, the interest shown in the kinship communities, and the fact that it has become a serious phenomenon with the departure of Turks abroad since 1961 have unfortunately been ignored.

While Turkey gave the right to vote to Turkish citizens living abroad for the first time in the 2015 elections, it did not put the right to be elected on the agenda again. Thus, while half of the right to vote and be elected was implemented, the other half was not implemented. With a population of 1.3 billion, the largest number of immigrants living outside its own country borders in the world is China. China has 55 million people living abroad, which corresponds to 0.3% of the Chinese population.

India follows China. 35 million of India’s population of 1.1 billion lives abroad and this rate constitutes 0.3% of the country’s population. Turkey is the third country behind India. A population of 6 million 800 thousand of Turkey’s 78 million people live outside its own country borders, which corresponds to 9% of our own population. Compared to China and India, this rate is almost thirty times higher.

According to the statistics of the United Nations in 1990, Turkish was spoken as a mother tongue by around 165 million people. Thus, our language has the largest (common) language character after Chinese, Hindi, English and Spanish. Assuming that the population increase is 1.5% on average, this number should now approach 180 million. Considering that Chinese is spoken by the Chinese minority in Southeast Asian countries excluding China and Taiwan, and Hindi is only spread in the Indian Subcontinent, it is among the languages ​​spread over a wide geography in the world such as Turkish, Spanish and English. Of these, English is spoken as a mother tongue outside Great Britain, in the continent of North America, in the Republic of South Africa (by those of English descent) and in Australia.

Spanish has spread outside of Spain in Central (including the southern United States) and South America (outside Brazil). On the other hand, Turkish is spoken as a mother tongue by Turks in Central and Western Europe, starting from the Pacific coasts of the Russian Federation, passing through Central Asia, Caucasus, Anatolia and Thrace, and also by Turks who have migrated to North America, although a small number of them and South Asia (in varying intensities) we see it spreading all over the Northern Hemisphere.

Source: Dialects of Turkish and the Geography of Their Spread.

Geographies of Turks

Geographies: AAA (3 continents)

Friday, September 4, 2015

The first ancient concepts of our Civilization of Contemplation began to form in the Yenisei Basin (Siberia, Russia) in the Altays in 3000 BC, from there to the Orkhon Basin (Mongolia) and then the 2000-year-old culture and civilization in the Yellow River Basin (China) accumulated in 1000 BC. The Hun State, which was the first Turkish State, was founded by Oğuz Kağan in the early 200s BC, after he moved to the Ordos region and formed the idea of ​​the Chu State, which was the first Chinese State.

On the way to the Turkestan oases (Turfan, Kaşgar, Yarkent, Kuça, Hotan), the civilization that will come to light began to emerge with the works of Kaşgarlı Mahmud and Yusuf Has Hacip in the 1000s AD.

The journey to the West continued with Transoxiana – Great Horasan – Caspian Basins this time; a golden age was experienced between 700 and 1100, when the great thinkers of Turkish culture were raised; Ancient concepts have been enriched with Islam.

Before the last Rumeli stop in our Ancient Journey, we reached the region surrounded by the Five Seas and reached Anatolia, Mesopotamia and the Nile tribes, and the Cihan State drawn by Oğuz Kağan at the beginning.

“Let the sun be a flag, the sky is a tent”

mission; It was carried out centered in Rumelia, and dominance was established in the continents of Europe, Asia and Africa.

Old world/Middle of the world

The Mediterranean region; The region surrounding the Mediterranean.

  • 10 BC / 3rd by 5th century BC: Nile-Amudarya region
  • 5 BC – 5th century AD: Fertile Crescent
  • AD 700 – 1200 : Darül Islam

Western hegemony; based its hegemony on the middle of the East, the Middle East.

Our civilization is based on the middle of the world. This middle is the Mediterranean.

It is the middle of the old world; Mediterranean, Mediterranea.

Our civilization is of the Old World; It was formed in the Yellow River – Orkhon – Amudarya – Nile – Mediterranean regions.

  • East Asia (Karakorum, Karabalsagun, Orhun, Ötüken),
  • Central Asia (Turfan, Kucha, Kashgar)
  • South Asia (New Delhi, Punjab, Lahore, Agra),
  • Transoxiana (Samarkand, Bukhara, Khiva),
  • Khorasan (Tus, Nishapur),
  • Nile (Cairo, Alexandria) And
  • Mediterranean (Thessaloniki, Algeria);

Our Islamic Civilization grew in the Mediterranean basin and expanded from Spain to beyond the borders of China.

In the middle of the region between Transoxiana and Andalusia, the Nile river is located.

The distance between Transoxiana and China is the same as the distance between Transoxiana and Andalusia.

It seems that; The borders of our sovereignty areas, which are lined by seas on all four sides, are the Pacific Ocean in the East, and the Indian Ocean in the South; It is surrounded by the Black Sea in the north and the Mediterranean in the west.

Oğuz Kağan’s legacy of “more seas, more rivers” has come true.

Steppe Belt and Agricultural Belt

The forested region in the north of the Eurasian continent, which offers a fisher, hunter and gatherer lifestyle to its inhabitants, continues to the south with a temporary bush belt; Further south from here, open and grassy steppes stretch from Nagyalföld in Hungary to Mongolia and the Great Wall of China. 1 This steppe belt offers its inhabitants a different and more demanding lifestyle than the forest and bush belt in the north. The changing conditions of the meadows and pastures of the steppe zone in summer and winter forced the peoples to a nomadic lifestyle in order to continue their lives; thus, the fierceness of the struggle for survival made the peoples of this region stronger than the settled peoples and led to the enrichment of their knowledge of the art of living.

The dominance of this steppe belt, which has been the settlement area of ​​both Turkish and Iranian tribes since the first ages, has definitely passed into the hands of the Turkish tribes with the Hun raids in AD 370. 2 As far as history knows, the Turkish tribes were not only the sole rulers of the steppe belt, but also the agricultural belt, which included China, North India and the Middle East. Therefore, it is a fact that Turkish tribes have lived in the southern agricultural belt of the steppe since the dark ages of prehistory. This is clearly demonstrated by the language data we have. Mainly barley, wheat, vetch, etc. Many plant names and agricultural words such as ank, plow, s({-bClll, etc.) were taken from Turkish in many of the neighboring languages.

When we take a look at the words related to the food and clothing culture that Turkish has given to neighboring languages, we can see that the names of animal products such as meat and milk, which play a fundamental role in the nutrition of the people of the steppe generation, and the names of clothing based on wool and leather, which are the raw material of clothing, are also used in the nutrition of the people of the agricultural generation. We see that the names of plants that play a fundamental role and the names of clothes based on cotton and cloth, which are the raw materials of clothing, are given to these languages ​​and taught to neighbors. The fact that Turkish has presented its neighbors with the names of food based on agriculture and grain on the one hand, and clothing based on cotton and cloth on the other, shows that the agricultural belt is the settlement area of ​​Turks as well as the steppe belt.

XIII. Since the texts up to the 19th century, apart from Divanü Lugat-it Türk and a few small texts, are full of the concepts of history, state administration, religion, goodness and evil, lamentation and love, and therefore belong to the areas far above the lower layers of a culture such as clothing and nutrition, They do not carry detailed information about the daily life of these periods.

Clothing is largely related to geography, both in the past and today. Nutrition has been an important measure in the descriptions of cultures, as it is related to economic life as much as geography. 3 While the main food source of Asia and the Middle East south of the steppe was cereal and bread, the main source of nutrition for steppe peoples was milk and dairy products.

Meals obtained from milk by Mongolian tribes based on dairy products, which they call white food and hClrcı idegen: black food, which emerged on the stage of history of the steppe long after the Turkish and Iranian tribes, are also quite abundant: sü(n): milk; milk / milk: dessert made by adding milk; subsu/ ayrag : fermented milk of kumiss, mare or cow; arakı(n): drink made from ayran; tile / cluster: diluted boiled milk; tarag : sour milk; cag-a : boiled tarag; horuca: triple distilled hard milk cognac; bocu: sediment, precipitate; cige(n) / cege(n) : kumiss obtained from mare’s milk; şar tos/ çöçgiyn tos: butter, etc.4

As we said, XIII. While our language heirlooms before the 19th century do not have much nutritional material, as they belong to the upper cultural areas, the number of words related to dairy products in Divanü Lugat-it Türk reaches nineteen, thirteen being nouns and six verbs: milk: milk; ski / kanak: ski; igduk: milk food; yarn : milk drink; I found: Höşmerim prepared by adding fresh or raisins; right fat : butter; udtma : fresh and fresh cheese; cottage : skim and dry cheese; Kurut / sugut: cottage cheese, cheese made from skimmed yoghurt; ayran : churned milk; yoghurt : yoghurt; kumis: beverage obtained by fermenting mare’s milk; ember: beverage obtained by fermenting curdled milk; korlan- / bagullan- / put- / udış- / biş-: to leaven, to darken, to concentrate. 5

In the Scan Dictionary of Turkey Turkish, which is mostly obtained by scanning the literary works, there are only the words siit, milky ash, mouth / angız / milk mouth, ayran kurusu, kurut, kökk / cokelek, dorak / torak, and the words yoghurt and ayran. Not even a place is given.6

In the Turkish Dictionary, which is prepared by consulting the works of the twentieth century scribes of Turkey Turkish and which is the writing DJj dictionary of today’s Turkey Turkish, only the words ayran, cottage cheese, höşmerin, katik, kayırak, cut / curd, kurut, curd, cheese, milk and yoghurt are included. ,7

On this path from the old Turkish written language to the written language of the Turks of Turkey, the fact that we have forgotten many dairy products and therefore their names, 4 Lessing, Ferdinand D., Mongoliwi – English Dictionary, Bloomington 1973.

5 Dankoff Robert – Kelly James, Mahmud al-Kasgari, Dictionary of Turkish Dialects, Harvard 1985.

6 Screening Dictionary, TDK Pub., Ankara 1963-1977.

7 Turkish Dictionary I-IL, TDK Yay., Ankara 1988.

J 70 On Turkish Sayings About Dairy Products

it can easily be interpreted as the settled life pushing the animal into the background next to the plant and thus changing the feeding tradition; but as it is known, the Compilation Dictionary, which consists of the words of Turkey Turkish other than the written language, contains the names of food and beverage made with milk and dairy products over a hundred. 8 Although the Compilation Dictionary contains quite a few words about dairy products, when we look at the richness of other Turkish dialects living in the steppe and the abundance of words Turkish gives to Russian, Hungarian, Persian and various Balkan languages, it is clear that most of the names of these products, like the tradition of feeding with dairy products, are in the steppe. It is clear that we left.

Prof Dr Gunay Karaagac

http://dergipark.ulakbim.gov.tr/tdded/article/viewFile/5000132759/5000121608

Migration of Steppe Peoples from the Sun-East to the Sun-West (Karoly Czegledy)

Migration of Steppe Peoples from the Sun-East to the Sun-West (Karoly Czegledy)

  Category :  Prof.Dr.Günay KARAAĞAÇ
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Migration of steppe peoples, BC. II. – AD VI. It deals with the migrations of people to the west and south from the steppe belt stretching from the Polish steppes to the Great Wall of China between the centuries. The investigation of these events, which were mentioned in a legendary language until the 18th century, was established in the last quarter of the 19th century, especially when the runic Turkish inscriptions were resolved in the last quarter of the 19th century. Let’s listen to these events that took place from sunrise to sunset from the pen of Karoly Czegledy, one of the most important knowers of the subject.