Carpets and Rugs
The Rough Guide to Turkey (Travel Guide with eBook) (Rough Guide Main Series)
$14.30 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Notes on a Foreign Country: An American Abroad in a Post-American World
$3.74 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)DK Top 10 Istanbul (Pocket Travel Guide)
$11.23 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)ISTANBUL TRAVEL GUIDE 2026 (Full-Color): From Hagia Sophia to the Spice Bazaar, Bosphorus to Topkapi Palace, Experience the History, Food, Art, Shopping, Nightlife and Adventures of This Timeless City
$14.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia
$3.38 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul For First Timers: A Local's Travel Guide To Turkiye's Hidden Gems and Culture
$14.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul Travel Guide: Captivating Adventures Through Ottoman Splendor, Byzantine Wonders, Turkish Landmarks, Hidden Gems, and More (Traveling the World)
$18.69 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)DK Eyewitness Travel Guide Istanbul (Eyewitness Travel Guides)
$15.97 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul 50 Unsung Places
$17.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)To the City: Life and Death Along the Ancient Walls of Istanbul
$15.00 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Fodor's Essential Turkey (Full-color Travel Guide)
$3.38 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia
$11.49 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Strolling Through Istanbul: The Classic Guide to the City
$17.67 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Turkey - Culture Smart!: The Essential Guide to Customs & Culture
$16.51 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Conversational Turkish Dialogues: Over 100 Turkish Conversations and Short Stories (Conversational Turkish Dual Language Books)
$6.40 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Bake Sale
$1.90 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Easy Turkish Phrase Book: 1500 Essential Phrases for Daily Life, Travel, Work, and More
$12.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)The Amazing Mrs. Pollifax (Mrs. Pollifax Series Book 2)
$5.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Exploring Turkey's Biblical Heritage: An Inspirational and Historical Travel Guide
$14.00 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)DK Top 10 Istanbul (Pocket Travel Guide)
$11.23 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Olive Oil
Istanbul Revealed: Hagia Sophia (2022 Turkey Travel Guide by Approach Guides)
$5.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)The Turkish Cookbook
$42.92 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)The Rough Guide to Turkey (Travel Guide with eBook) (Rough Guide Main Series)
$14.30 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul: A Collection of Beautiful Photos for Istanbul Lovers, Coffee Table Picture Book (Travel Photography)
$27.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Notes on a Foreign Country: An American Abroad in a Post-American World
$3.74 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Rough Guide to Istanbul Food culture 2025: A Culinary Journey: Exploring Turkey Through Its Food
$16.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)The Mini Rough Guide to Istanbul and the Aegean Coast: Travel Guide with eBook
$9.80 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia
$3.38 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)The History of Istanbul: From Byzantion to Modern Times (History of Turkey Books)
$15.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia
$11.49 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Collins Turkish Phrasebook and Dictionary Gem Edition (Collins Gem)
$0.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)The Amazing Mrs. Pollifax (Mrs. Pollifax Series Book 2)
$5.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul: City of Majesty at the Crossroads of the World
$5.96 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Turkey Travel Guide: Captivating Adventures through Rich History, Turkish Delights, Turkish Landmarks, Hidden Gems, and More (Traveling the World)
$13.69 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Türkiye (Turkey) Map (National Geographic Adventure Map, 3018)
$10.49 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)DK Top 10 Istanbul (Pocket Travel Guide)
$11.23 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul For First Timers: A Local's Travel Guide To Turkiye's Hidden Gems and Culture
$14.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Fodor's Essential Turkey (Full-color Travel Guide)
$3.38 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Easy Turkish Phrase Book: 1500 Essential Phrases for Daily Life, Travel, Work, and More
$12.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)To the City: Life and Death Along the Ancient Walls of Istanbul
$15.00 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Business Core
BUSINESS AND COOPERATION
(Second Stone)
East Side
[1] Kapğan kağan [lost] thirty years old [… at the moment.-Ended]. He would be Kapğan Kağan. All lute,
[1] Kapğan Kağan is twenty-seven years old… there… • Kapğan Kağan was seated. He didn’t sleep at night
[2] blunt case. My red blood splattered, my black term rose, my little one, ox. I’m okay with my long wind.
[2] He did not sit in the daytime. I have always given the work and strength by making my red blood shed, the black term running. I always sent the long scout again.
Tonyukuk Inscription, Bilge Tonyukuk, (646-724)
I was a small one, ox [I always gave the work]
Orkhon Inscriptions, 735
The most important element of Gaspirali’s mission is Unity at Work, which is the element that mobilizes and reinforces the Unity of Language and Idea. Turkification of Anatolia As a result of the Ahi organization (union) developed by Ahi Evran in the bazaars and markets, Turkish has become the common language of communication of the entire Anatolia.
Work, as a word, is among the main concepts of Turkish. In the Tonyukuk Inscription, the first written text, “I did not sleep at night, I did not sit during the day. I always gave my work and power by spilling my red blood, running the black term. I always sent the long exploration arm again. It is called. So Tonyukuk has done a lot of work with sweat and got it done. As a result, Tonyukuk provided the unity of the Turks by using his mind and wisdom. Cooperation in language and opinion has led to gaining independence. The evidence for unity in language is related to the fact that only the Göktürk alphabet was used in the inscription and the Chinese alphabet was not respected on each side of the inscriptions, as in the Bilge Kagan and Kültigin Inscriptions.
It is important that the activities of signifying, moving, working, doing, behaving are unity with work. It is not a model where everyone does everything, but where everyone shares work and information together, become stakeholders, specialize in areas where people in business networks have deep knowledge, and on the plane, share information with people related to their work. Province: like the state, business also finds meaning within a network mechanism.
Another term that does not fall behind the inclusiveness of the term Turkish House is İş Ocağı. One of our Martyr Pashas and our first defense industrialists, Nuri Killigil Pasha, uses this term. Hearth is also a root concept, it is related to od (fire). The place where the fire was made, the recruit’s hearth, the military, the father’s hearth, the hearth, the health center, the family hearth, the “last stove that never went out” are the first examples that come to mind. The hearth symbolizes continuity and continuity, production. Works should be produced and updated continuously like a quarry in unison. The place where the fire is made is the “oven that does not go out” in terms of business.
Like İşbank, there must also be İş Ocağı. The way to grow the jobs created in the job centers is the philosophy of Unity at Work. Room, old Turkish otag / otağ (place where there is burning, place where there is a stove) from ota / room (place of residence). The term room is a frequently used pattern in business life; Odslar Union, Chamber of Commerce, Chamber of Industry etc. in style. The term “cooker” is not used. It is also said to mean a hearth (because it is a place where fire is made), house, home. Like Janissary Hearth, Baba Hearth. Tents (tent / rooms) in Turkish tradition are not without stoves. It is necessary for the work hearths and chambers to be equipped with the Unity at Work Philosophy and the mission of Oğuz Kağan “Our firmament is our tent, our sun flag” should constitute a guide for organizing and activating the works on a world scale.
Turkish business literature is predominant in memories, businessmen should reach from Knowledge to Unions by sharing their observations and innovations about their enterprises with the understanding of the philosophy of Cooperation. The information of the entrepreneurs should guide the thinkers.
OPPORTUNITIES and new regionalization strategy of cooperation with Turkey to prevent Turkish sanayiciliği industrial sector by deepening the implementation process for Turkey’s regional markets are opened.
Turkey-based INDUSTRY, 1.4 billion inhabitants of a region (Europe, Eurasia), while in the middle, which countries in the region to identify gidileceğinin a similar cooperation to the example in East Asia, the implementation by industrial firms collaborating in in Turkey and the region will be a fundamental strategic choice. Such an application will create a leap forward growth in Turkish leather industry, will ensure the full utilization of the current idle capacity in tanneries, and will ensure that the leather products industries continue to grow.
Both continents properties within the bearing rising Afrasia’s central region and Turkey’s industrialism, which we found in the global era, with two dynamic processes of regionalization / regional cooperation and thus by adapting quickly himself to Afrasyalaş process, be able to demonstrate similar export performance.
While the effect of globalization continues on societies with its great intensity, another phenomenon rapidly creates new models in today’s world; The development of regional development and regional cooperation projects provides a more competitive result in accordance with the economy of scale regionally. The way to globalization is through regionalization. The issue of regional development and regional cooperation emerges as two issues that are of great importance in the development of the new era, and it is a subject that those who want to act in accordance with international trends should place into their thinking models. Those who cannot find solutions to their problems one by one, those whose scales are insufficient for global production one by one, are investigating the results that can be reached by evaluating the region and the basin as a whole by cooperating with the countries and institutions they are located in, with the cooperation of power and regional participation. The synergy to be created jointly in the region requires being open to a development contrary to previous times. The success to be created within the region and the basin depends on the creation of a model in which forces are added together. Regional cooperation is of great importance internationally today, and it can also create opportunities for greater opportunities.
With cooperation, competitors will be suppliers to each other.
DK Eyewitness Travel Guide Istanbul (Eyewitness Travel Guides)
$15.97 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul 50 Unsung Places
$17.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)To the City: Life and Death Along the Ancient Walls of Istanbul
$15.00 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia
$3.38 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Turkey: 2025: The Other Holy Land
$5.75 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Lonely Planet Pocket Istanbul (Pocket Guide)
$12.13 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul: A Collection of Beautiful Photos for Istanbul Lovers, Coffee Table Picture Book (Travel Photography)
$27.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)DK Eyewitness Istanbul (Travel Guide)
$8.12 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)TURKEY TRAVEL GUIDE 2025-2026
$14.00 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Pocket Rough Guide Istanbul: Travel Guide with eBook
$7.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Notes on a Foreign Country: An American Abroad in a Post-American World
$2.20 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul: Memories and the City
$1.35 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Türkiye (Turkey) Map (National Geographic Adventure Map, 3018)
$10.49 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Turkey - Culture Smart!: The Essential Guide to Customs & Culture
$16.51 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul For First Timers: A Local's Travel Guide To Turkiye's Hidden Gems and Culture
$14.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Turkish Cookbook: Exploring the Food of a Timeless Cuisine
$22.68 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)The Towers of Trebizond: A Novel (FSG Classics)
$6.44 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Conversational Turkish Dialogues: Over 100 Turkish Conversations and Short Stories (Conversational Turkish Dual Language Books)
$6.40 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Collins Turkish Phrasebook and Dictionary Gem Edition (Collins Gem)
$0.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)To the City: Life and Death Along the Ancient Walls of Istanbul
$15.00 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Global Vision
Global Vision – Levent AĞAOĞLU | Yazar, Şair (agaoglulevent.com)
Istanbul 50 Unsung Places
$17.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Notes on a Foreign Country: An American Abroad in a Post-American World
$3.74 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)TURKEY TRAVEL GUIDE 2025-2026
$14.00 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)DK Top 10 Istanbul (Pocket Travel Guide)
$11.23 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul: City of Majesty at the Crossroads of the World
$5.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)GoldenRays Travel Guide to Konya, Turkey: Experiencing A Blend of Tradition, History, and Modernity (GoldenRays Travel Guides)
$28.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)DK Eyewitness Travel Guide Istanbul (Eyewitness Travel Guides)
$15.97 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul Revealed: Hagia Sophia (2022 Turkey Travel Guide by Approach Guides)
$5.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Constantinople from Byzantium to Istanbul
$11.88 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul For First Timers: A Local's Travel Guide To Turkiye's Hidden Gems and Culture
$14.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)The Christian Traveler's Guide to the Holy Land
$16.28 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Collins Turkish Phrasebook and Dictionary Gem Edition (Collins Gem)
$0.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Turkish Cookbook: Exploring the Food of a Timeless Cuisine
$22.68 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Conversational Turkish Dialogues: Over 100 Turkish Conversations and Short Stories (Conversational Turkish Dual Language Books)
$6.40 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Strolling Through Istanbul: The Classic Guide to the City
$17.67 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul: City of Majesty at the Crossroads of the World
$5.96 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)A Guide to Biblical Sites in Greece and Turkey
$19.11 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Lonely Planet Turkiye (Travel Guide)
$19.80 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul For First Timers: A Local's Travel Guide To Turkiye's Hidden Gems and Culture
$14.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Turkey Travel Guide: Captivating Adventures through Rich History, Turkish Delights, Turkish Landmarks, Hidden Gems, and More (Traveling the World)
$13.69 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Ideas and Missions
DK Eyewitness Istanbul (Travel Guide)
$8.12 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Constantinople from Byzantium to Istanbul
$11.88 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul Travel Guide: Captivating Adventures Through Ottoman Splendor, Byzantine Wonders, Turkish Landmarks, Hidden Gems, and More (Traveling the World)
$18.69 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul 50 Unsung Places
$17.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)ISTANBUL TRAVEL GUIDE 2026 (Full-Color): From Hagia Sophia to the Spice Bazaar, Bosphorus to Topkapi Palace, Experience the History, Food, Art, Shopping, Nightlife and Adventures of This Timeless City
$14.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul
$3.38 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)The Essential Istanbul Travel Guide 2025: Things to know before visiting, best attractions, best hidden gems, Antiquated culture, culinary delights, travel budgets, itineraries & staying safe
$20.00 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)The Rough Guide to Turkey (Travel Guide with eBook) (Rough Guide Main Series)
$14.30 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul Revealed: Hagia Sophia (2022 Turkey Travel Guide by Approach Guides)
$5.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia
$11.49 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)A Guide to Biblical Sites in Greece and Turkey
$19.11 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Notes on a Foreign Country: An American Abroad in a Post-American World
$2.20 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)The Amazing Mrs. Pollifax (Mrs. Pollifax Series Book 2)
$5.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Bake Sale
$1.90 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Lonely Planet Turkiye (Travel Guide)
$19.80 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Lonely Planet Pocket Istanbul (Pocket Guide)
$12.13 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul For First Timers: A Local's Travel Guide To Turkiye's Hidden Gems and Culture
$14.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Türkiye (Turkey) Map (National Geographic Adventure Map, 3018)
$10.49 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)To the City: Life and Death Along the Ancient Walls of Istanbul
$15.00 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Strolling Through Istanbul: The Classic Guide to the City
$17.67 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Ottoman Historians in The Balkans and Middle East
http://bulgaristanalperenleri.blogspot.com.tr/2012/01/stoyan-dinkov-osmanli-imparatorlugu.html
http://www.genelturktarihi.net/bulgar-tarihci-ezber-bozuyor#!prettyPhoto
Evangelia Balta (born 24 July 1955, Kavala) is a Greek historian. Her researches focus on Ottoman socio-economic history, Rûm Orthodox culture in Anatolia, and Karamanlidika Studies. She is an honorary member of the Turkish Historical Society and was awarded an Order of Merit of the Republic of Turkey.[1][2]
Balta was born in Kavala in 1955. She studied at Aristotle University of Thessaloniki in 1973–77 and at Paris I-Sorbonne, Department of Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes IV) with a scholarship from the Onassis Foundation for her master’s and doctoral degrees from 1980-1983. Balta worked at the Historical Archive of Macedonia in 1979 and at the Centre for Asia Minor Studies in 1978 as well as from 1984-1987. She taught at the Ionian University in 1985-1987. Since 1987 she has been a researcher at the National Hellenic Research Foundation (NHRF). She was a member of Koc University‘s Research Center for Anatolian Civilizations (RCAC) in 2009–2010.[3][4] In the following years, she organized three international symposiums on Karamanli Turkish, which has been her field of work since 1978. She has organized seminars in Cunda Islands for Karamanlidika Studies since 2001.[5]
Stoyan Dinkov, Bulgaristan
Dimitri Kitsikis, Yunanistan
Evangelie Balta, Yunanistan
Nicolae Iorga, Romen
Arminius Vambery, Macar
Bernát Munkácsi, Macar
Gyula Németh, Macar
György Hazai, Macar
Ignác Kúnos, Macar
László Rásonyi, Macar
József Thury, Macar
Tibor Halasi-Kun, Macar
Andreas Tietze, Avusturyalı
Hammer, Avusturyalı
Arnavutluk
Kosova
Bosna
Hırvatistan
Makedonya
Hırvatistan
Fikret Adanır http://fass.sabanciuniv.edu/tr/sudirectorystaffdetay/1275
Babinger
Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia
$3.38 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)To the City: Life and Death Along the Ancient Walls of Istanbul
$15.00 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul
$3.38 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul, City map 1:10.000, City Pocket map + The Big Five
$11.95 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul For First Timers: A Local's Travel Guide To Turkiye's Hidden Gems and Culture
$14.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)DK Eyewitness Istanbul (Travel Guide)
$8.12 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul Revealed: Hagia Sophia (2022 Turkey Travel Guide by Approach Guides)
$5.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)DK Eyewitness Travel Guide Istanbul (Eyewitness Travel Guides)
$15.97 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)The Mini Rough Guide to Istanbul and the Aegean Coast: Travel Guide with eBook
$9.80 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul 50 Unsung Places
$17.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Lonely Planet Pocket Istanbul (Pocket Guide)
$12.13 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Bake Sale
$1.90 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Turkish Cookbook: Exploring the Food of a Timeless Cuisine
$22.68 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)The Christian Traveler's Guide to the Holy Land
$16.28 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Lonely Planet Turkiye (Travel Guide)
$19.80 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)The Rough Guide to Turkey (Travel Guide with eBook) (Rough Guide Main Series)
$14.30 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Fodor's Essential Turkey (Full-color Travel Guide)
$16.76 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia
$3.38 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Turkey Travel Guide: Captivating Adventures through Rich History, Turkish Delights, Turkish Landmarks, Hidden Gems, and More (Traveling the World)
$13.69 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)The Turkish Cookbook
$42.92 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Turkish States
Sunday, September 20, 2015
“We established 20 States in 3000 years”
The concept of the state is directly related to contemplation.
States are formed as a result of contemplation.
The longest-lasting states, the Hun Empire and the Ottoman Empire; It shows that the beginning and ending contemplations are solid and permanent.
The distinguishing feature of our Civilization of Contemplation is its ability to form a State and its ability to organize.
The number of States established in 3000 years is 20.
- 1100 BC – 0: 3 States
- AD 0- 500 : 2 States
- 500 – 1000 AD: 6 States
- AD 1000 – 1500: 7 States
- 1500-2000 AD: 2 States
The first state was the State of Zhu, which came to life in 1000 BC on the territory of China.
Turks established 20 states in 3000 years and established sovereignty in 75 countries. Except for 2 of these states, the other 18 are states with a coast to the sea.
Our State, which provides dominance in the most countries; It is the Ottoman Empire, known as Devlet-i Ali.
The longest-lasting states, in order:
- Ottoman Empire, Osman Gazi, 1299-1922: 623 years
- Great Hun Empire Teoman, 220 BC – 216 AD: 436 years
- Karakhanid State, Bilge Ash Kadir Khan, 840-1212: 372 years
- Khazar Khaganate, Böri Şad, 651-983: 332 years
- Mughal Empire, Mughal, 1526-1858: 332 years
occurred in the form.
The first 2 states with the longest duration among the 20 established states; The first established HUN EMPIRE was the last established OTTOMAN EMPIRE.
In the ranking of the countries where Turkish States have sovereignty;
- 10 States each, Uzbekistan, Russia and Turkmenistan
- 9 States and Afghanistan, China
- 8 States and Kazakhstan, Tajikistan
- 7 States and Georgia, Iran, Pakistan
ranked among the top 10 countries.
Of the 20 established states, 17 were centered in Asia, 2 in Europe (European Huns, Ottoman Imps), and 1 in Africa (Mamluks). The center of gravity is Asia.
The countries with the most sovereignty are listed in the Asian (Front Asia-Eurasia-Turkestan-East Asia) geographies. In the European and African geographies, sovereignty was provided by 1 or 2 States.
While sovereignty was provided on the shores of 11 seas, the most numerous states were established on the shores of the Caspian, Black Sea, Arabian Sea and Basra.
While the roof of our states was in China in the 1600 years of origin (1100 BC – 500 AD), China’s descent to the Middle East was prevented by the Talas War in 750 AD, and the Turks settled in Transoxiana, Khorasan, Iran and then in the Middle East geography (Iraq, Syria) in the region. They established states and conquered dynasties.
After the conquest of Anatolia in 1071, after 300 years of fermentation, this time the Rumelian conquests were started and the 600-year Rumelian Empire was paved.
The Chu State, whose foundations were laid along the Yellow River, continued as the State-i Ali along the Blue Danube.
Today, our historical references to Asia begin with the Orkhon Inscriptions and Bilge Kagan in Mongolia, and do not go back to the state formations of the Göktürks, which date back to 700 AD.
However, the geography where Turkish state formations came to life is the processes that started in the lands of Kansu and Shensi provinces in China, starting from 3000 BC and leading to the establishment of the Zhou State in 1000 BC.
The mission of the Hun State, our first World State, which was founded by Oğuz Kağan in the early 200s BC and became legendary, has been the indispensable mission of all Turkish States that took their place in history:
More sea, more moray (rivers)
Let the sun be a flag, the sky kurikan (tent) !
ATAM Oguz Kagan
The Turks; They eliminated their opponents by allying with the Arabs against China and the Kurds against Iran.
Islam and the Caliphate had brought the Turks to wide geographies.
As a result of the deliberate thought that blamed Islam and the Caliphate for the collapse, first the Arabs were fought and the Empire collapsed.
Then, after the establishment of the Republic, this time the newly established Republic was targeted over the Kurds.
The main goal of our adversaries is to prevent the Turks from re-alliance with the Arabs and Kurds.
The Turks had eliminated their enemies, China, and prevented them from landing in the Middle East.
Likewise, by eliminating Iran, the Turks consolidated their position in the Middle East.
The powers that want to keep the Turks away from the Middle East are applying the strategy of turning these alliances into enmity through Syria, Egypt and Iraq.
Tell Me a Story I Don't Know
$22.00 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Turkey: 2025: The Other Holy Land
$5.75 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul Travel Guide: Captivating Adventures Through Ottoman Splendor, Byzantine Wonders, Turkish Landmarks, Hidden Gems, and More (Traveling the World)
$18.69 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul, City map 1:10.000, City Pocket map + The Big Five
$11.95 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia
$11.49 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia
$3.38 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)DK Top 10 Istanbul (Pocket Travel Guide)
$11.23 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Turkish Urban Dictionary: 500 Slang Words & Phrases to Speak Like a Local in Turkey (Urban Slang Dictionary)
$17.90 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)The Rough Guide to Turkey (Travel Guide with eBook) (Rough Guide Main Series)
$14.30 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)DK Eyewitness Istanbul (Travel Guide)
$8.12 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)The Turkish Cookbook
$42.92 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Notes on a Foreign Country: An American Abroad in a Post-American World
$2.20 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Collins Turkish Phrasebook and Dictionary Gem Edition (Collins Gem)
$0.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul For First Timers: A Local's Travel Guide To Turkiye's Hidden Gems and Culture
$14.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Turkey Travel Guide: Captivating Adventures through Rich History, Turkish Delights, Turkish Landmarks, Hidden Gems, and More (Traveling the World)
$13.69 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Lonely Planet Turkiye (Travel Guide)
$19.80 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)A Guide to Biblical Sites in Greece and Turkey
$19.11 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)An Ottoman Traveller: Selections from the Book of Travels of Evliya Celebi
$42.32 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)The Amazing Mrs. Pollifax (Mrs. Pollifax Series Book 2)
$5.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Turkish Short Stories for Beginners: 20 Captivating Short Stories to Learn Turkish & Grow Your Vocabulary the Fun Way! (Easy Turkish Stories)
$12.36 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Turkish Canon
1300th Anniversary of the Erection of the Wise Tonyukuk Monument in 2020. UNESCO Memorial and Celebration Anniversary. Blessed. With reference to our first author Bilge Tonyukuk, we are launching the TURKISH CANON series starting from 2020.
In terms of our Philosophy of Society and State, references identified with ourselves constitute a Turkish Canon.
- Bilge Tonyukuk Inscription
- Orkhon Inscriptions: Bilge Kagan Inscription, Cultigin Inscription
- Yusuf Has Hacip: Kutadgu Bilig
- Kemal Atatürk: NUTUK and All His Works (30 volumes)
The vision of Hun Turk Oghuz Khan produced the first written documents by the legendary trivet of the Gökturks, and these stone monuments became our canons, that is, our basic works.
First of all, we must save our Founding Thinkers, who came to life with the Legend of Oğuz Kağan and then Taş Yazıtlar (Tonyukuk, Bilge Kağan, Kültigin), and reinforce our lost ground over time, and make our pessimistic minds open and functional.
First, the inscription-laws engraved on stone by the Prime Minister Bilge Tonyukuk in the 8th century and then by Kağan (Bilge), finally a fictional Vizier was designed and this time recorded as a manuscript (Kutadgu Bilig) in the 11th century. In the 20th century, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, following the same historical line, recorded his own history with NUTUK and entrusted it to future generations.
Although the Turks, who established 16 states in 3 continents, have created a wide literature on the subject, starting from the era of Inscriptions and continuing with Manuscripts (Politics), within the scope of the discipline of State Philosophy, the said Scriptures and Manuscripts have not been examined, and the Turkish Canon has not yet been revealed. With our References Series, we will try to contribute to our goal of being ourselves by revealing our founding works of society and state philosophy. The point we will reach under the leadership of canonical sources will be Ourselves.
In the history of the Turks, there were two great statesmen who carried the pen and sword together. Bilge Tonyukuk, the founding Prime Minister of the Turkish Khaganate, and Kemal Ataturk, the founder of the Turkish Republic. Türk Evi Yayınları aims to evaluate our founding leaders with serial books and to publish the Turkish Canon as a book.
Founding References that go beyond cliches have not taken root in our minds even in 2020, when we are approaching the 100th anniversary of the Republic. In order to overcome this infertility, we are launching our Atatürk References series, starting with the themes of Human Value, Innovation, Art of War, Global Leadership.
Then, we will launch our Bilge Tonyukuk series, as the year 2020 corresponds to the 1300th anniversary of the erection of the Tonyukuk Inscription. There is a time interval of more than 1200 years between the two states, which are known as Turkish in history. Unlike the Dynasty states that were established / collapsed in the intervening years, the states of the founding leaders of both the sword and the sword are structures that integrate with the People. Because in the Turks, Hakan and the people are inseparable. The genius who illuminates our present and future with the 62-line Inscription of Tonyukuk, also manifests itself between the lines of Atatürk’s Address to NUTUK and Youth.

TURKEY TRAVEL GUIDE 2025-2026
$14.00 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Lonely Planet Pocket Istanbul (Pocket Guide)
$12.13 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul For First Timers: A Local's Travel Guide To Turkiye's Hidden Gems and Culture
$14.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Rough Guide to Istanbul Food culture 2025: A Culinary Journey: Exploring Turkey Through Its Food
$16.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)ISTANBUL TRAVEL GUIDE 2026 (Full-Color): From Hagia Sophia to the Spice Bazaar, Bosphorus to Topkapi Palace, Experience the History, Food, Art, Shopping, Nightlife and Adventures of This Timeless City
$14.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Notes on a Foreign Country: An American Abroad in a Post-American World
$3.74 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia
$11.49 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)DK Eyewitness Travel Guide Istanbul (Eyewitness Travel Guides)
$15.97 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)The Mini Rough Guide to Istanbul and the Aegean Coast: Travel Guide with eBook
$9.80 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul 50 Unsung Places
$17.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia
$11.49 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul: City of Majesty at the Crossroads of the World
$5.96 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Turkey - Culture Smart!: The Essential Guide to Customs & Culture
$16.51 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Rick Steves Istanbul: With Ephesus & Cappadocia
$3.38 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Turkish Cookbook: Exploring the Food of a Timeless Cuisine
$22.68 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Bake Sale
$1.90 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Easy Turkish Phrase Book: 1500 Essential Phrases for Daily Life, Travel, Work, and More
$12.99 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Strolling Through Istanbul: The Classic Guide to the City
$17.67 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Istanbul: Memories and the City
$1.35 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Notes on a Foreign Country: An American Abroad in a Post-American World
$2.20 (as of 21/12/2025 07:24 GMT +03:00 - More infoProduct prices and availability are accurate as of the date/time indicated and are subject to change. Any price and availability information displayed on [relevant Amazon Site(s), as applicable] at the time of purchase will apply to the purchase of this product.)Oguz Kagan
Oguz Khan, 234-174 BC
“I have become your Khan;
Let’s all take swords and shields;
Kut (divine power) will be our sign;
Gray wolf will be our uran (battle cry);
Our iron lances will be a forest;
Khulan will walk on the hunting ground;
More seas and more rivers;
Sun is our flag and sky is our tent.”
Our Founding Father, who, with his vision, brought the Oghuz Turks to the Danube, and transformed the Mediterranean into a Turkish lake.
Mission: “More sea, more eels (rivers) / Sun flag, sky kurikan (tent)”
Every place under the sky where the sun never sets is our home, our homeland; WORLD STATE
Vision: World State, Oghuz Union, Tradition
Competitor: CHINA
Oguz Kagan Epic
Oghuz Hand: Right Arm/Left Arm
Right Arm: Bozok (Günhan, Ayhan, Yıldızhan)
Left Arm: Üçok (Gökhan, Dağhan, Deniz Han)

